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1. THERMAL SAFETY
HAZARDS(HYDROTHERAPY)
GROUP 5
The local application of heat and cold to
an injured body parts

2. WARMING THERAPY/TREATMENT
A treatment of warm water given to
people with core temperature(below
34.5◦c).
Warm water is used because it is a
vasodilator, it expands blood vessels
thus improving blood circulation.

3. OBJECTIVE
To raise temperature gradually to
(0.5-1◦c) to normal, restore
breathing, cardiac function and fluid
and electrolyte balance, renal
function and blood sugar to normal.

4. SIGNS OF HYPOTHERMIA
Slowing temperature
Confusion
Slow irregular respiration
Arrhythmic, feeble pulse leading to
cardiopulmonary arrest.
Pupils become widely dilated and fixed.

5. TREATMENT
Wet clothing is removed and patient covered.
Patient is moved to a place where rewarming and
pulmonary resuscitation can be started.
The apnoeic or hypoventilation patient requires
intermittent positive pressure ventilation, and
intravenous therapy as soon as the rewarming has
started.

6. Four ways of rewarming the hypothermic
patient
1.Spontaneous rewarming in the mildly
hypothermic patient, if he is able to
generate heat metabolically.
2.Active external rewarming by wrapping
heated(preferably electrical) blanket
around a patient.

7. a. Administering heated intravenous fluids.
b. And heated,humidified oxygen
Even though this is effective, it may have drawbacks such as:
i. Causing hypotension in a patient who is also hypovolaemic
ii. It may cause drop in core temperature.
Rewarming by immersion in heated water.

8. HYDROTHERAPY IN RHEMATOID
ARTHRITIS
OBJECTIVE
a) To exercise the patient without pain or
stress on the mass-bearing joints
because of buoyancy of water.
b) For pain relief through heat of water.

9. PROCEDURE
A good gymnasium is equipped with a heated water
The buoyancy of water enables immersed patient to
walk without stress.
Exercises of affected joints are done in water

10. Hydrotherapy with warm water in case of
burns
Objectives:
For debridement of burns.
Blisters can be broken and dead
tissues are removed
For soaking off old dressing
To allow for exercise of painful
limbs

11. Local heat treatment and therapeutic warm
baths
Objectives:
Relieve pain

12. Application of contact heating appliances
Hot water bottle is used to provide the body
with heat
Usually made of rubber of plastics
Direction for use
It should be tested for leakage first
It should be placed in cover between
blankets.

13. Rules for filling hot water bottle
Place the bottle on flat surface and fill it to ¾
capacity with nearly boiling water.
The stopper is screwed on, and test for
leakage
When it is dried, place it in a cover and use.

14. Electrical pad
It is used for the same purpose as hot water
bottle, but here the can be regulated and kept
constant.
 ensures that the cords are still insulated.

15. Infra- red radiation
The infra-red rays are the invisible heat rays
which are emitted by a special lamp or an
electric cradle with bulbs.

16. objectives
To relieve pain
To encourage hyperaemia inan
inflamed, infected area.
To dry a soggy wound, e.e perineal
sticthes

17. Therapeutic warm baths
Warm baths are useful for loosening dressings or
removing sloughs and pus from septic wounds.
It can be done through arm and foot bathe or a
basin.
Aseptic precautions should be used if the local warm
bath (basin) is used for raw wound.

18. cleaning and disinfecting of the bath
After thourough cleansing, Wipe with
activated cidex or hibicol, using a clean mop
to disinfect.

19. The sitz bath
This is a warm, shallow bath that cleanses the
perinieum, which is the space between the rectum
and vulva or scrotum.
The sitz baths are used as a routine after anal
operations.
Also used for easing pain of pelvic inflammatory
conditions.

20. Types of bath water
Clean warm water to allieviate pain.
Antiseptic bath after anal or vulva operations.
E.g povidone- iodine
1kg of clean fine table salt for a half filled bath
containing 120 litres of warm water.