- Magazines originated in the 15th century following the invention of the printing press. The earliest modern magazines emerged in the 17th century in Germany and France. - Major publishing companies like Conde Nast, Bauer Media, and Hearst Magazines now dominate the magazine industry. The industry is highly regulated to ensure privacy and accuracy. - While print magazine sales are declining due to new technology, some readers still prefer tangible print magazines. However, the industry is adapting by providing digital magazine formats and interactive online content.

1. MAGAZINES INDUSTRY
CANDIDATE NUMBER; 5041
CENTRE NUMBER; 16607

2. HISTORY OF
MAGAZINES

3. INVENTION OF MAGAZINES
• In 1440, the printing press was originally invented, which created a way that knowledge and
information could be mass produced for the first time in history. This new technology was used to
print newspapers and Bibles etc.
• The earliest example of what is recognised as an example of a modern magazine was the
"Erbauliche Monaths Unterredungen" which was created in 1663 by the German theologian
Johann Rist.
• Later on, in 1672, the first "periodical of amusement" was published and distributed. This
publication created songs, news, short verses and gossip segments and became largely popular
within France and the layout of this magazine was copied by future publications throughout
Europe.
• Later on in 1963, "The Ladies Mercury" magazine was created and published by The Athenian
Society and it was the first periodical magazines designed specifically for a female target
audience.

4. INVENTION OF MAGAZINES
• The Gentleman's Magazine was released in 1731, the same year that magazines became known
as publications instead of periodicals. This magazine ran until 1922 and focused primarily on
current affairs that the public were interested in and were engaging with at the time.
• As the popularity of magazines was drastically increasing, publications became more easily
accessible to the middle class. In 1980, the first advertising agency was established, which
enabled companies to reach out to their target audience. These agencies were able to
incorporate various images into their adverts because of the availability of printing images using
half tone in 1871.
• In 1933 more photo based news magazines started to appear in the UK, for example 'Picture Post'
and 'Pictorial Weekly'
• In 1989, 'Empire Film Magazine', a magazine that was devoted to film, began its monthly
publications. This publication was published by Emap Consumer Media until 2008, when Emap
was bought by Bauer

5. MAGAZINE INDUSTRY

6. THE MAGAZINE INDUSTRY
• Contains hundreds of titles that include various sub-genres and attract very
different, diverse, mass and niche audiences
• Many publications tend to target more niche audiences as they target audiences
with specific interests
• The highest circulation figures are for lifestyle magazines that are predominantly
targeted at women

7. THE MAGAZINE INDUSTRY
• The top selling magazines are owned and produced by a few major
global publishing conglomerates that dominate the market
• CONDE NAST Glamour, Vogue, GQ, House and Garden, Vanity Fair
• BAUER MEDIA Heat, Grazia, Closer, Kerrang!, Empire
• IPC MEDIA (part of the multi-national conglomerate Time Warner)
Essentials, Look, Horse and Hound, Ideal Home, TV Times, Marie
Claire
• HEARST MAGAZINES UK (subsidiary of the Hearst Corporation)
Men's Health, Red, Company, Cosmopolitan, Good Housekeeping

8. THE MAGAZINE INDUSTRY
• Due to recent technological developments, the industry has had to adapt as consumer demands
have also changed
• Most brands and products are now available of multiple platforms (websites and various social
media sites)
• The new generation of magazine readers want a higher level of interactivity
• ”Most readers download digital editions of their magazines through Apple’s App Store. The digital
product has to be 95% similar to the print version of a magazine to classify s a digital edition
under ABC rules” – Guardian.co.uk
• Print sales are declining

9. ADVANTAGES OF ONLINE MAGAZINES
• Portable – more easily accessible
• By accessign the content via an app, it is a lot lighter than a thick magazine
• Enables interactivity including comments and through blogs/articles etc
• More opportunity for content – e.g. audio visual content – as well as more up to date content,
particularly for magazines that are quarterly etc
• Online features such as a navigation bar enables the audience to easily access the aspects tht are
of particular interest to them and bypass those that don't
• It is cheaper – for the audience and for the brand, in terms of publishing, producing and
distributing costs
• Provides the brand with the opportunity to include relevant links

10. APPEAL OF PRINT MAGAZINES
• Many audiences like the nature of the glossy pages and having a tangible product for their money
– in addition to the sensory pleasure a magazine can provde, in terms of the feel of the glossy
pages and the perfume/make-up samples that are sometimes included in lifestyle magazines)
• Size appeals to a lot of audiences who are less comfortable with having the smaller text and
image sizo on the smaller digital devices
• There si a larger readership as digital versions tend to only be consumed by one consumer instead
of shared round etc
• Collectable product

11. INDUSTRY
REGULATION

12. REGULATION
• The Press Complaints Commission (PCC) is a self-regulatory body for the print journalism industry
and it was created and is funded by the newspaper and magazine industries
• The PCC makes the decision if there is a complaint about content
• They also consider journalists' behaviour in terms of how theyare sourcing their information
• If a journalist is found to break the code, they may lose their job and may be publicly asked to
apologise

13. REGULATION
Included within the codes of practice are:
Accuracy
The press must not publish
inaccurate information – if they
do there must be a published
apology
Privacy
Unacceptable to photograph
anyone when they are in a
private place without hteir
consent
Private health, home, family life
and digital communication of
people must be respected and
any breach of privacy must be
justified by the publication
Harrassment
Journalists may not intimidate,
harrass or persistently pursue
any individuals

14. GLOBALIZATION
• Many magazine brand, industries and conglomerates are now global and aim to
have a global appeal in order to maximise their audience, sales and profits.
• Many magazines are published in a different language – which suggests that the
content must have a universal appeal
• Despite language differences – most magazines retain their typical conventions and
house style – as to not detract from their established brand identity
• For example, Hearst Rodale publishes Men's Health in 48 different countries