6. Strategy (week 5)
Life Cycle
Life Cycle Issues
– The embryonic stage can sometimes be
skipped
– Industry growth can be revitalized
– The time span for each stages can vary
– Complementors can affect the cycle
7. Strategy (week 5)
Life Cycle
Innovation and Change
– Innovation can unfreeze and reshape the
industry structure
– New competitors can change the industry
– Defining a “new” segment of the industry is
very difficult, especially with technology
overlap
9. Strategy (week 5)
Things to remember
Short history (see life cycle)
Evolving field
2-3 year window
IT skills degrade proportionally to
changes in technology
IT is a tool that evolves – you need to
continually adapt and position
yourself and your business
15. Strategy (week 5)
Sourcing
Relate sourcing to Web 2.0
– Crowdsourcing
• Asking friends to help with promotion
• Mozilla Firefox
– People sourcing
• C2B
19. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
Lower level
A program that controls the execution of
application programs and an interface
between applications and hardware
Primary Functions
– Control
– Error detection and response
– Accounting
21. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
Outside
world
Video Hard drive USB Network
controller controller controller controller
CPU
Computer internals
(inside the “box”)
Memory
22. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
Control:
Program development
Editors and debuggers
Program execution
Access to I/O devices
Controlled access to files
System access
Error detection and response:
Internal and external hardware errors (Memory error, Device failure)
Software errors (Arithmetic overflow, Access forbidden memory locations)
Accounting:
Collect usage statistics
Monitor performance
Used to anticipate future enhancements
Used for billing purposes
23. Hardware (week 5)
OS Timeline
First generation: 1945 – 1955
Vacuum tubes
Plug boards
Second generation: 1955 – 1965
Transistors
Batch systems
Third generation: 1965 – 1980
Integrated circuits
Multiprogramming
Fourth generation: 1980 – 2005
Large scale integration
Personal computers
Next generation: 2005 -
Systems connected by high-speed networks
Wide area resource management?
Cloud computing
24. Hardware (week 5)
OS Functions
Other Tasks
– Memory management: allocate main memory
among several processes
– Swapping: move processes and their data
between main memory and secondary storage
– I/O device drivers: specialized code required to
operate I/O devices
– File system: organize mass storage (disk) into
files and directories
– Utilities: date/time, accounting, file copy, etc.
25. Hardware (week 5)
OS Functions
Other Tasks
– Command interpreter: allow users to enter
commands interactively
– System calls: allow user programs access to
O.S. services
– Protection: keep processes from interfering with
each other and system
– Communication & Resource sharing: allow
users/processes to communicate (over networks)
and share resources (e.g., laser printers, disks,
etc.)
– Security: protect machines from intruders,
worms and viruses
26. Hardware (week 5)
OS Functions
CPU scheduling: allocates
computing time among several
processes
– Operating systems manage processing tasks
– Multi-tasking - allows more than one program or person
to use the resources of a single processor at the same
time.
– The use of a processor by more than one user is
referred to as time sharing. The operating system
accomplishes time sharing by dividing processor time
into “timeslices” which are very brief time slots.
Increases usage of processor.
27. Hardware (week 5)
OS Functions
Simplify the execution of user programs
and make solving user problems easier.
Use computer hardware efficiently.
– Allow sharing of hardware & software
resources.
Make application software portable
Provide isolation, security and protection
among user programs.
Improve overall system reliability
• error confinement, fault tolerance, reconfiguration.
28. Hardware (week 5)
OS Functions
In Summary
– Control common hardware functions
– Control access to system resources
– Provides a user interface
– Manage files
– Manage system memory
– Manage processing
29. Hardware (week 5)
Types of Operating
Systems
+ Windows Vista
+ Mac OS 10.5 (Leopard)
+ Mac OS 10.6 (Snow Leopard)
+ Windows 7
+ Mac OS 10.7 (Lion)
+ Windows 8
30. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
Personal
Virus software
Screen saver
Workgroup
Status of accounts
Passwords and activity
Resource usage
Enterprise
Archival operations
Job status
Data mining
41. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
2007 KDE 4.0 Beta2
12/2008 KDE 4.2 Beta
42. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems
2001 Mac OS X
2001 Windows XP
2006 Mac OS 10.5
43. Hardware (week 5)
Operating Systems – Mac OS X
• Total rewrite from previous OS 9.x
• Lots of revisions:
• Mac OS X v10.0 (Cheetah)
• Mac OS X v10.1 (Puma)
• Mac OS X v10.2 (Jaguar)
• Mac OS X v10.3 (Panther)
• Mac OS X v10.4 (Tiger)
• Mac OS X v10.5 (Leopard)
• Mac OS X v. 10.6 (Snow Leopard)
• Mac OS X v. 10.7 (Lion)
• Based on Darwin, a derivative of BSD
(Berkeley Software Design, is a version of
UNIX developed at UC Berkeley)
• Open-source
• Runs *nix applications
• Stable operating system
45. Hardware (week 5)
Operating System Battles
• Tandy
• Eniac
• Univac
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• click here
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• Click here
• First laptop
46. Hardware (week 5)
OS Functions
Year Operating System SLOC (Million) Operating System SLOC (Million)
1993 Windows NT 3.1 4-5
Red Hat Linux 6.2 17
1994 Windows NT 3.5 7-8
Red Hat Linux 7.1 30
1996 Windows NT 4.0 11-12
2000 Windows 2000 more than 29 OpenSolaris 9.7
2001 Windows XP 35 FreeBSD 8.8
Windows Server
2003 50 Mac OS X 10.4 86
2003
2007 Windows Vista 50 Linux kernel 2.6.0 5.2
??
2009 Windows 7
47. Strategy (week 5)
This week's assignment
Review Videos at
http://technologies.cci.fsu.edu
