Cytozyme Laboratories produces the Nutriplant and NutriPlus line of organic plant nutrition products. Nutriplant AG is a foliar biostimulant that increases photosynthesis and plant growth while reducing the effects of environmental stress. NutriPlus products are foliar fertilizers that supply nutrients directly to leaves, acting faster and more efficiently than soil-applied fertilizers. Nutriplant and NutriPlus work through four modes of action: increasing photosynthesis and nutrient uptake; reducing abiotic stress through antioxidant effects; and reducing biotic stress through eliciting plant defenses. They provide more benefits than conventional foliar fertilizers.

4. 20 processing steps 10 points of quality control Crop+Plus Nutriplant AG Manufacturing and QC Shipping Receiving Weighing Stabilization Screening Packaging Mixing Natural Ligands Seaweed Extracts Minerals Batching Chelation

5. N UTRIPLANT ® AG Product Technology N UTRIPLANT ® technology utilizes the latest scientific discoveries in biochemistry, agronomy, and chemical engineering.

6. NUTRIPLANT ® AG Superior Quality N UTRIPLANT ® is made from the best quality raw materials, with NO processed animal parts, NO waste and NO GMO (genetically modified organisms).

7. N UTRIPLANT ® AG Superior Quality Each batch of product undergoes rigorous quality control procedures.

8. N UTRIPLANT ® AG Superior Quality The products are analyzed for physical properties and chemical composition.

9. Product performance is verified by a unique bioassay of biological activity. N UTRIPLANT ® AG Superior Quality

12. Laboratory results Corn not treated Corn treated Seed Treatment increases the root hairs, crucial for water and nutrient uptake .

13. N UTRIPLANT ® SD on Corn

19. How Are Chelates Formed? Natal Chelate= a mineral surrounded amino acids Mineral

20. NutriPlus products are chelated/complexed with nature’s own chelates: This means the minerals are protected and more effective. NutriPlus Metal Amino acids, carboxylic acids , etc. Chelate

24. Importance of Balanced Nutrition The limiting factor for holding capacity of a barrel is the shortest stave. The limiting factor for growth is the nutrient in shortest supply. A short supply of nutrients reduces yields, causing reduced profits. Iron Zinc Potassium Nitrogen Copper Boron Calcium Iron Zinc Potassium Nitrogen Copper Boron Calcium

25. Nutrient Deficiencies By the time deficiencies are visible, yields have been reduced! Prevent deficiencies with a regular maintenance program, or with frequent foliar analyses followed by application of the appropriate nutrient(s). Visible deficiencies Hidden deficiencies Yields Genetic Potential Nutrient deficiency

26. Examples of Visible Deficiencies Iron Potassium Zinc By the time deficiencies are visible, yields have been reduced!

27. Magnesium and Zinc Deficiencies in Banana Leaves and Fruits Zinc deficiency Magnesium deficiency Double - Zinc deficiency Quadruples - Zinc deficiency

30. Crystal Deposits of Mineral Salts like Zinc Sulfate Ammonium sulfate, etc on Leaf Surface Dr. Zeev Wiesman. R & D Lab of Bio-Industries Upgrading, The Institutes For Applied Research. Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva.

31. Effects of NutriPlus on pH of Water NutriPlus decreases the pH which increases rate of absorption and translocation .

39. Mode of Action I N UTRIPLANT AG Enhances Two Critical Processes in Crop Physiology 1. Photosynthesis 2. Nutrient uptake through roots

40. N UTRIPLANT AG Increases Chlorophyll Development Photosynthesis is how the plant traps energy from the sun.

41. N UTRIPLANT AG Increases Chlorophyll Development

42. Sources: Cotton and rice data from University of Arkansas. Tea data from UPASI Tea Research Foundation N UTRIPLANT AG Enhances Photosynthesis Crop Photosynthesis Increase (% over Control) Yield Increase (% over Control) Cotton 24% 22% Rice 34% 16% Tea 15% 8%

43. -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 DAYS AFTER APPLICATION 1,3 1,2 1,1 1,0 0,9 0,8 PHI E 0 RELATIVO = ET / ABS ( MEDIDO POR FLUORESCENCIA DE LA CLOROFILA ) CL - 143 HI1- 3305 CONTROL Effects of Two Different P roducts on Photosynthetic Activity W hen Applied to Grape Vines Louvieaux ( 2.004 ) 1º 2º 3º

44. Mode of Action II Increased Absorption of Nutrients by Roots

45. Plants with foliar applications of N UTRIPLANT AG absorbed 56% more Mn, 200% more Fe and Zn, and 370% more Cu N UTRIPLANT AG Increases Absorption of Nutrients by Roots

46. Even with optimal photosynthesis and nutrient uptake, crops do not reach their full genetic potential due to STRESS.

50. Increase in UV - 305 nm Radiation at Between 1992 and 1998 * Average daily values are grouped into monthly averages to calculate a mean value for each month of the year, which is substrated from each monthly mean. These values are the difference between ‘Zero” (equivalent To each montly mean. The regression has a confidence interval of 95 % Source: Cabrera. 2005 At Santiago, Chile.

51. Net Photosynthesis ( µ mol CO 2 / m 2 / sec. ) Light intensity ( µ mol of photons / m 2 / sec ) 0 2.000 1.000 500 1.500 Photo-thermic Stress 2.500 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

52. Stomates Close An Example of Stress: Response to Excess Solar Radiation H 2 O H 2 O H 2 O ABA

53. Photooxidative Damage !!

54. What happens when fruits get hot?

55. Aloni et al ( 2005 ) Leaves cannot cool themselves like leaves do, so they are always hotter than leaves.

56. Glenn ( 2.006 ) 52 ± 1 ° C 46 – 49 °C

57. Heat stress/sunburn in fruit

58. Schrader et al ( 2.003 ) Stress Induced Disorder: Effect on Apple Fruit Quality. WSU Physiological Disorders induced by Heat Stress Bitter Pit Lenticelosis Splitting Water core Sunscald

59. CH 2 =CH 2 H 2 O 2 . O 2 - Fruit affected by Abiotic stress

60. The oxidative process begins at the memrane level.

61. Growth Maturation Aging Deteriratin Oxidation !

62. Reactive Species ( Oxidants ) Free radicals Non- RADICALS . O 2 - H 2 O 2 OH - HOCl NO . O 3 LOO . SUPEROXIDE E( Zn -SOD ; Mn -SOD ) CATALASES ASCORBIC ACID GLUTATHION TOCOFEROL CAROTENOIDS FLAVONOIDS ANTIOXIDANTS Oxidative stress is a biochemical state of the cell or tissue which can occur over a short or long period, where the generation of chemical oxidative species exceeds the capacity to produce antioxidants. M c Kersie, 1996

63. SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASES ( Zn -SOD ; Mn -SOD ) CATALASES. ASCORBIC ACID GLUTATHION TOCOFEROLS CAROTENOIDS FLAVONOIDS. Reactive Species of Oxigen ( OXIDANTS ) Free Radicals NON- RADICALS . O 2 - H 2 O 2 OH - HOCl NO . O 3 LOO . ANTI - OXIDANTS

64. Nutri products have Strong Antioxidant Activity NutriPlant AG has 10 X more! Product Name Antioxidant Activity (TE/100 g sample) NUTRIPLANT AG™ 10,133 NutriPlus Calcium™ 2,933 Biozyme™ 1,422 Kendal™ 703 Auxym™ 587 Stimulate™ 203 BM86™ 8 Kelpak™ 0 Cytogrower™ 0

65. Review

73. Salamat Po!