This document outlines the design of a water treatment plant in Mansheyet el Kanater, Egypt. It discusses the location and population calculations to determine water demand. The proposed sanitary system includes an intake, screening, clariflocculation tanks, rapid sand filters, chlorine disinfection, ground tanks, and a backwash process. It also mentions gravity thickeners, sludge lagoons, and the tasks of designing the layout, treatment process components, structural design, and sanitary transport system.
3. Introduction Project Description: Water Treatment Plant in Mansheyet el Kanater Owner: Ministry of Housing, Utilities and Urban Development Location: Between two water streams; Rasheed and Al rayyah al beherybranch The WTP will serve Mansheit El Kanater & the Nabouring Villages
7. Calculations Cont’d Population forecast 1) Arithmetic method k = ∆P/∆t Pt = Po + k . ∆t Where Po : initial population Pt : population after time t k : population growth factor population growth factor (k) is 4543.7
8. Calculations Cont’d Population forecast 2) Geometric method k = ln(P2/P1) / ∆t Pt = Po . ek . ∆t Where Po : initial population Pt : population after time t k : population growth factor population growth factor (k) is 0.02736
9. Calculations Cont’d Population forecast 3) Population Growth method Pn = Po (1+r)n Where Po : initial population Pn : population after n years r : population growth rate (%) From collected data, r= 2.66
11. Calculations Cont’d Since our WTP service area consists mainly of villages with populations less than 50,000 capita, we will use a water consumption of 135 l/c/d. The rate of increase of consumption rates can be calculated as 1/10 of the rate of increase of the population. Water Demand
13. Fresh Water Pumping Station Backwash collecting tanks R.W Pumping Station Fresh Water Tanks Coagulant added Back Wash Process Fresh Water Pumping Station Ground Tanks R.W Pumping Station Source/ Intake Screening Sand Filters Distribution Chamber Flash Mixing Tanks Sedimentation Tanks Chlorine Added Sludge collection To MansheyatKanater Village Sludge Pumping Station Recycled Water Gravity Thickeners Sedimentation Tanks Sludge Sludge Disposal Sludge Lagoon
14. Proposed Sanitary System Comes from surface water (Rayah El Beheiry) Water is allowed to flow through a screening process before entering the Raw Water Pumping Station The first step in purifying surface water is to remove large debris such as sticks, leaves, trash and other large particles, which may interfere with subsequent purification steps The water will be pumped to higher water head using Centrifugal Pumps Intake Source
15. Proposed Sanitary System Cont’d Allocates the water to the Clariflocculator As the water is distributed along the tanks, Primary Disinfectant (Pre-Chlorination) is added to the raw water Water is chlorinated to minimize the growth of fouling organisms (e.g. Algae) on the pipe-work and tanks Moreover, the Distribution Chamber receives Recycled Backwash Water (RBW) Main Distribution Chamber
16. Proposed Sanitary System Cont’d Are Sedimentation Tanks, were the coagulation, flocculation, mixing and sedimentation process all take place Coagulant is Added to the Raw Water IT enables Small Particles to form big flocs faster Flocs Precipitate at the bottom forming sludge Sludge is collected in the Sludge Collecting Tanks Clariflocculators contain circular channels that allow the overflowed water to move to the next treatment process (Rapid Sand Filters) Clariflocculator
17. Proposed Sanitary System Cont’d Water moves vertically through sand that often has a layer of activated carbon or anthracite coal above the sand The top layer removes organic compounds such as Algae Most particles pass through surface layers but are trapped in pore spaces or adhere to sand particles Filters must be backwashed using water, in order to prevent pores between sand from becoming blocked Rapid Sand Filters
18. Proposed Sanitary System Cont’d Final disinfectant (Chlorine) must be added to get rid of all the harmful microorganisms that make it through the RSF Treated Water enters into the Ground Reservoirs and are afterwards pumped using Treated Water Pumping Station Water is pumped to Elevated Tanks and various Water Networks that the plant feeds Some of the water stored in the Ground Tanks, is used in the backwash process Ground Reservoirs/Tanks
19. Proposed Sanitary System Cont’d The treatment water process is cut off for a distinct period, to allow the backwash process to take place Water is pumped backwards from the ground tanks to the filters, removing particles stuck in the RSF Water is pumped backwards to the Main Distribution Chamber that allocates it back to the Clariflocculators Some particles precipitate in the Backwash Water Settlers, which are the removed to the Sludge Collecting Tanks Backwash Process
20. Proposed Sanitary System Cont’d Gravity thickeners are heavy-duty circular collectors that are custom designed to handle concentrated municipal and industrial sludge Allows Sludge to concentrate (Thickening) After the Sludge concentrates at the bottom, it is pumped to the Sludge Lagoons Collected water is pumped back to the Main Distribution Chamber, which then distributes it to the Clariflocculators Gravity Thickener Tanks
22. Tasks Design the general layout of the water treatment plant Study the water treatment process and the necessary components of a WTP The structural design of the water tanks and the different buildings of the project Design the required sanitary system needed to transport the water throughout the treatment cycle, beginning from the intake until the exit
