2. Natural active acquired immunity: person comes down with measles Artificial active acquired immunity: person is immunized with a vaccine Artificial passive acquired immunity: Person receives serum with antibodies Natural passive acquired immunity: Baby receives antibodies with mother’s milk - colostrum

9. How an antibody operates/works? Deactivation of a bacterium by an antibody.

16. Clonal Selection of B Cells is Caused by Antigenic Stimulation

19. Consequences of Antibody Binding

22. Primary .vs. Secondary Immune Response

25. The Pathway of Specific Immune Response Pathogens Pathogens eaten by Macrophage Displays portion of Pathogen on surface Helper-T cell recognizes Pathogen Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

26. Activates B- Cell Activates Cytotoxic T- Cell Memory B-Cell Memory T-Cell Kills Infected Cells Antibodies 

31. Immune Response Summary Displays copy of antigen on surface of cell Cellular Immunity Antibody Immunity Antigen Macrophage Helper T - Cell Active Cytotoxic T-Cell Active B - Cell Kills Infected Cells Memory T- Cell Plasma Cell Memory B-Cell Antibodies Deactivates Antigens

33. HIV/AIDS Human immunodeficiency virus Attacks helper T cells Without production of IL-2, there is no second signal, and humoral and cell mediated immunity are shut off. See increase in rare diseases: TB, Kaposi sarcoma, etc.

39. Delayed Hypersensitivity A type of cell mediated immunity. Td cell – requires usual two signals Second time antigen is encountered, Td cell produces several cytokines that attract and activate macrophages, resulting in an inflammatory reaction. Example: TB skin test