introduction

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ASSIGNMENT
Submitted By
VISHNU BHADRAN REG NUMBER :13975031
NATURAL SCIENCE
KUCT ANCHAL

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TOPIC
CLUB ACTIVITIES
SUB TOPICS
1. Exhibition.
2. Manuscript magazine.
3. Field trip &Excursion
4. Community awareness programme

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INTRODUCTION
All the organized activities carried out with an educational purpose and which are outside the structural framework of a formal educational curriculum are included under the non-formal mode of education. These are group of educational activities, which are not bounded by the time schedules, age, ability of the students, and their academic levels. These activities can be designed and modified to suit the needs and requirements of the learner.
Non-formal science education is also called as “Co-curricular Activities in Science.” The formal and non-formal modes of education are not separate but are complementary to each other and help in achieving the goals of education. The non-formal mode of education differs from the informal education, which is neither preplanned no organized.
An efficient science teacher should include a number of co-curricular activities such as science clubs, science fairs and visits to places of scientific interest in the curriculum. This will supplement the classroom teaching and widens the knowledge of the students.
The co-curricular activities are basically voluntary in nature. By participating in these activities the students develop the skills of problem-solving, decision-making and appositive attitude towards science. The teacher will identify the specific abilities and skills possessed by the students and help them to derive optimum benefits from them.
EXHIBITION
Exhibitions are effective mode of mass communication and instruction. It is organized by the pupils themselves they get opportunity for self-activity. Special talents of the pupils get revealed and creativity can be fostered. The exhibitions arranged in schools are usually planned to communicate novel ideas to children, their parents, and the general public alike. Mathematics exhibition, science exhibition, etc., are at present organised elsewhere also is of educational value.
An exhibition, in the most general sense, is an organized presentation and display of a selection of items. In practice, exhibitions usually occur within museums, galleries and exhibition halls, and World's Fairs. Exhibitions include (whatever as in major art museums and small art galleries; interpretive exhibitions, as at natural history museums and history museums), for example; and commercial exhibitions, or trade fairs.
The word "exhibition" is usually, but not always, the word used for a collection of items. Sometimes "exhibit" is synonymous with "exhibition", but "exhibit" generally refers to a single item being exhibited within an exhibition.
Exhibitions may be permanent displays or temporary, but in common usage, "exhibitions" are considered temporary and usually scheduled to open and close on specific dates. While many exhibitions are shown in just one venue, some exhibitions are shown in multiple locations and are called travelling exhibitions, and some are online exhibitions.

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Though exhibitions are common events, the concept of an exhibition is quite wide and encompasses many variables. Exhibitions range from an extraordinarily large event such as a World's Fair exposition to small one-artist solo shows or a display of just one item. Curators are sometimes involved as the people who select the items in an exhibition. Writers and editors are sometimes needed to write text, labels and accompanying printed material such as catalogs and books. Architects, exhibition designers, graphic designers and other designers may be needed to shape the exhibition space and give form to the editorial content. Organizing and holding exhibitions also requires effective event planning, management, and logistics.
MANUSCRIPT MAGAZINE
A manuscript is any document written by hand, as opposed to being printed or reproduced in some other way. Before the arrival of printing, all documents and books were manuscripts. In publishing and academic contexts, a manuscript is the text submitted to the publisher or printer in preparation for publication, regardless of the format. Until recently a typescript prepared on a typewriter was usual, but today a digital file with a printout, prepared in manuscript format is most common. Manuscripts are normally required by publishing companies before being published.
Manuscripts are not defined by their contents, which may combine writing with mathematical calculations, maps, explanatory figures or illustrations. Manuscripts may be in book form, scrolls or in codex format. Illuminated manuscripts are enriched with pictures, border decorations, elaborately embossed initial letters or full-page illustrations.
Significance
Writing a manuscript for publication is as difficult of a task as it is rewarding. It is a chance for researchers to be able to finally share their novel ideas with the general public. This, however, is a privilege and not an end result of years of work that goes into a study. It is important for scientists to keep this in mind when designing their experiment and publishing their work. A study should be ethically and methodologically just. The published manuscript should be accurate and thorough. Falsifying or concealing data, intentionally or unintentionally, is immoral because, scientific manuscripts have a broad impact and the clinical implications can have a detrimental outcome if the science behind the research is fraudulent. A good scientist recognizes this responsibility and is aware of the importance of publishing. Publishing is a great way to improve the practice of science and medicine, get feedback, and provide a venue to develop and debate new ideas.
Structure
The structure of a scientific manuscript follows a somewhat strict criterion that abides by the scientific method. This is important because it allows scientists to understand each other more easily and repeat or learn from each other’s work. A written manuscript must include an abstract, an introduction, method/materials, results, and a conclusion. Although the format and the order in which these headings appear can vary from journal to journal, they must all be clearly stated within the paper.

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Regardless of what order a particular journal wants the information presented, it may be easier for the writer to use different strategies to successfully devise the first draft. For example, it is often useful to write the abstract last, as it will give the author a chance to summarize the paper and determine if further editions need to be made. Before attempting to write, it is useful to consider the target audience and realize that editors and readers are looking for something exciting that is written in a clear and concise manner. The author should know what the objectives of the experiment are, whether those objectives have been met, what changes to the protocol are necessary, whether the work has clinical implications, whether the statistical tests used are appropriate, if the experiment has repeatable results, if a thorough literature search has been done, and what new findings are being presented. Once the author has a clear idea of these concepts, writing a scientific manuscript becomes less daunting.
FIELD TRIP AND EXCURSION
Field trip and Excursion are interchangeably used in educational literature. But in strict sense they are different. An excursion is a school journey involving any organised travel made by teachers and students primarily with an educational motive in mind. Field trips are organised visits of teachers and students primarily with an educational motive in mind. Field trips are organized visits of teachers and students to immediate or distant places to enrich learning experiences and to further instructional purposes of regular class room activities. The field trip is distinguished by its concentration on learning particular aspects. Hence its success is judged by the fulfillment of pre-determined goals.
Education is not confined to class room teaching. Life in the class room teaching can cover only small part of our total life. If learning is to result in the total development of the learners, we must go beyond our school walls into the community as students and as working participants. The chief purpose of field trips is to give student first hand experiences that cannot be had in the class room. Students can see things, hear things, handle things and can examine them minutely. Hence field trip is an outdoor lesson in action. Many objects and phenomena can be studied best in their natural setting. Field trips provide opportunities for learning through the use of many techniques other than reading and speaking. Field trips stimulate interest and increase appreciation. As it co-relates learning in the class room with the community, it develops better social awareness and social skills, in pupils. In short field trips provide enough raw materials that would promote development of senses, knowledge, emotions and skills.
1. Values of Field Trip and Excursion
1. Gives first hand experiences
2. Supplements and enriches class room teaching
3. Creates spirit of scientific enquiry
4. Gives training in observation
5. Correlates the school life with the outside world
6. Provides opportunities for utilizing community resources
7. Gives relief from routine class room work
8. Stimulate interest in nature and learning

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9. Develops qualities like leadership, co-operation, good public relation, self-confidence, etc.
10. Provides opportunities for bringing out talents and tastes
b. Organising a Field Trip
To be effective, the trip must be planned carefully, otherwise it will be just wastage of time, energy and money. The following are the stages involved in the completion of a field trip.
1. A felt need: The purpose of journey should be clear to students. They should have a clear understanding of why they are going out, where to and what exactly they might expected to do.
2. Selecting a suitable place and securing the permission from the resource center.
3. Listing out specific objectives
4. Planning and preparation
5. Conducting the actual field trip or excursion
6. Consolidating the results and taking up follow up activities: The trip must be followed by discussion, reports or even a written test.
COMMUNITY AWARENESS
Students are encouraged to participate in a wide variety of community service activities and initiatives. These initiatives focus on cultivating a strong sense of community through activities that promote both personal growth and collaboration with others. Events held immerse students in the issues that are currently impacting society and its future. Students devote their time to positively changing the lives of both their peers and the surrounding community. The School of Management believes that engaging in such activities can not only help create a more well-rounded individual, but will help enhance one’s core principles such as leadership, integrity and ethics.
CONCLUSION
Learning by doing and learning by living essentials of learning science. Children are interested in making things, breaking things and handling things. But the curriculum does not satisfy this natural urge. Through activities like science club, learning of science become joyful.

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REFERENCE
1.Mathew.T.K.,and Molikutty,T.M.(2006).Science Education-Theorotical Base of teaching and pedagogic Analysis,Ranibow Book Publishers,Kerala.
2.Narandera vaidhya.(2006).Science Teaching in School for the 21st Century,deep publications PVT,New Delhi.
3.Dr.P.Ameeta 2012 Neel Kamal methods of teaching Biological sciences.
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