1. Committee: UNODC
UNODC is a global leader in the fight against illicit drugs and international crime.
Established in 1997 through a merger between the United Nations Drug Control
Program and the Centre for International Crime Prevention, UNODC operates in
all regions of the world through an extensive network of field offices. UNODC
relies on voluntary contributions, mainly from Governments, for 90 per cent of its
budget.
UNODC is mandated to assist Member States in their struggle against illicit drugs,
crime and terrorism. In the Millennium Declaration, Member States also resolved
to intensify efforts to fight transnational crime in all its dimensions, to redouble
the efforts to implement the commitment to counter the world drug problem
and to take concerted action against international terrorism.
The three pillars of the UNODC work program are:
• Field-based technical cooperation projects to enhance the capacity of
Member States to counteract illicit drugs, crime and terrorism
• Research and analytical work to increase knowledge and understanding
of drugs and crime issues and expand the evidence base for policy and
operational decisions
• Normative work to assist States in the ratification and implementation of
the relevant international treaties, the development of domestic
legislation on drugs, crime and terrorism, and the provision of secretariat
and substantive services to the treaty-based and governing bodies
In pursuing its objectives, UNODC makes every effort to integrate and
mainstream the gender perspective, particularly in its projects for the provision
of alternative livelihoods, as well as those against human trafficking.

2. Topic A) The need to promote strong partnership with civil society organization in
dealing With complex problems of drug abuse and crime which undermine the
fabric of society
Drug Use in the World
Drug use is shifting towards new drugs and new markets. Drug crop cultivation is
declining in Afghanistan (for opium) and the Andean countries (coca), and
drug use has stabilized in the developed world. However, there are signs of an
increase in drug use in developing countries and growing abuse of
amphetamine-type stimulants and prescription drugs around the world.
The Report shows that the world's supply of the two main problem drugs -
opiates and cocaine - keeps declining. The global area under opium cultivation
has dropped by almost a quarter (23 per cent) in the past two years, and opium
production looks set to fall steeply in 2010 due to a blight that could wipe out a
quarter of Afghanistan's opium poppy crop. Coca cultivation, down by 28 per
cent in the past decade, has kept declining in 2009. World cocaine production
has declined by 12-18 per cent over the period 2007-2009.
Global potential heroin production fell by 13 per cent to 657 tons in 2009,
reflecting lower opium production in both Afghanistan and Myanmar. The
actual amount of heroin reaching the market is much lower (around 430 tons)
since significant amounts of opium are being stockpiled. UNODC estimates that
more than 12,000 tons of Afghan opium (around 2.5 years' worth of global illicit
opiate demand) is being stockpiled.
To an extent, the problem has moved across the Atlantic: in the last decade,
the number of cocaine users in Europe has doubled, from 2 million in 1998 to 4.1
million in 2008. By 2008, the European market ($34 billion) was almost as valuable
as the North American market ($37 billion). The shift in demand has led to a shift
in trafficking routes, with an increasing amount of cocaine flowing to Europe
from the Andean countries via West Africa, causing regional instability. Globally,
the number of people using amphetamine-type stimulants - estimated at
around 30-40 million - is soon likely to exceed the number of opiate and cocaine

3. users combined. There is also evidence of increasing abuse of prescription
drugs.
Families have the potential to be the most powerful protective force in the lives
of children and youth. Healthy family relationships may even prevent children
and adolescents from engaging in drug use, delinquency and risky sexual
behaviors. UNODC has developed a Guide to Implementing Family Skills Training
Programs for Drug Abuse Prevention to assist those who are looking to
implement effective prevention interventions for young people and families.
Descriptions of evidence-based family skills training programs will be published
later this year.
Supporting parents in taking better care of their children has been proven an
effective strategy to prevent drug use and a range of risky and problematic
behavior. Families characterized by secure and healthy parent/child
attachment, parental supervision and effective discipline and a cohesive and
organized family environment help protect children from drug use and
contribute to their capacity to overcome hardships and achieve positive
outcomes in life.
Conversely, families with indifferent child-parent relationships and a chaotic
home environment increase the risk of children and youth to initiate drug use or
other risky behavior.
A comparison of the effectiveness of family skills training programs has found
them to be on average four times as effective as drug education programs
targeting youth only in school. Other positive outcomes reported include
increased child attachment to school and improved academic performance,
less depression and aggression in children, increased child social competence
and pro-social behavior, and lower levels of family conflict.
In terms of cost-effectiveness, these programs have been found to return a
saving of approximately US$10 in the long term for every dollar spent on
implementation.

4. Family skills training programs are based on interactive and practical methods in
order to produce lasting behavioral changes in parents and children. They offer
parallel skills training sessions for parents and children (or adolescents) and at
the end of each session bring the families together to practice their newly
acquired skills as a family.
UNODC is developing a global project to adapt, implement and evaluate the
effectiveness of family skills training programs in low- and middle-income
countries.
Frequently used questions:
1- Are there any programs or organizations on the prevention of drug use?
2- Does the government is trying to build family skills to prevent this type of
issues?
3- And if it does, in what manner?
Topic B) Thematic program on action against corruption and economic crime
Corruption is a complex social, political and economic phenomenon that
affects all countries. Corruption undermines democratic institutions, slows
economic development and contributes to governmental instability. Corruption
attack s the foundation of democratic institutions by distorting electoral
processes, perverting the rule of law and creating bureaucratic quagmires
whose only reason for existing is the soliciting of bribes. Economic development
is stunted because foreign direct investment is discouraged and small businesses
within the country often find it impossible to overcome the "start-up costs"
required because of corruption.
Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon said at the occasion of International Anti-
Corruption Day on 9 December 2009 that it the world's vulnerable who suffer
"first and worst" by corruption such as the theft of public money or foreign aid for
private gain. The result, he says, is fewer resources to fund the building of
infrastructure such as schools, hospitals and roads. Mr. Ban notes, however, that
corruption "is not some vast impersonal force" but "the result of personal
decisions, most often motivated by greed." Pointing out that "the UN Convention

5. against Corruption is the world's strongest legal instrument to build integrity and
fight corruption", he also called on businesses to adopt anti-corruption measures
in line with the Convention.
The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) is the only legally
binding universal anti-corruption instrument. The Convention's far-reaching
approach and the mandatory character of many of its provisions make it a
unique tool for developing a comprehensive response to a global problem. The
UNCAC covers five main areas: prevention, criminalization and law
enforcement measures, international cooperation, asset recovery, and
technical assistance and information exchange. The UNCAC covers many
different forms of corruption, such as trading in influence, abuse of power, and
various acts of corruption in the private sector. A further significant development
was the inclusion of a specific chapter of the Convention dealing with the
recovery of assets, a major concern for countries that pursue the assets of former
leaders and other officials accused or found to have engaged in corruption.
The rapidly growing number of States that have become parties to the
Convention is further proof of its universal nature and reach. Corruption can be
prosecuted after the fact, but first and foremost, it requires prevention. An entire
chapter of the Convention is dedicated to prevention, with measures directed
at both the public and private sectors. These include model preventive policies,
such as the establishment of anticorruption bodies and enhanced transparency
in the financing of election campaigns and political parties. States must
endeavor to ensure that their public services are subject to safeguards that
promote efficiency, transparency and recruitment based on merit. Once
recruited, public servants should be subject to codes of conduct, requirements
for financial and other disclosures, and appropriate disciplinary measures.
Transparency and accountability in matters of public finance must also be
promoted, and specific requirements are established for the prevention of
corruption, in the particularly critical areas of the public sector, such as the
judiciary and public procurement. Those who use public services must expect a
high standard of conduct from their public servants. Preventing public
corruption also requires an effort from all members of society at large. For these
reasons, the Convention calls on countries to promote actively the involvement
of non-governmental and community-based organizations, as well as other
elements of civil society, and to raise public awareness of corruption and what

6. can be done about it. Article 5 of the Convention enjoins each State Party to
establish and promote effective practices aimed at the prevention of
corruption.
Frequently used questions:
1- Does the government has any type of corruption?
2- Does any movement of citizens is presented, because of any type of
corruption on economies?
3- Does any federal house is trying to avoid this type of federal issues?
http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/treaties/CAC/convention-highlights.html