5. Looking east from Cley Shingle ridge is bulldozed to maintain the barrier to protect Salthouse village
6. Looking west from Cley towards Blakney Point (coastal spit) Westerly movement of material by LSD Management conflict-managed retreat V secondary buffer ridge??
7. Looking up the beach from the shoreline Shingle ridges/berms Top of beach
8. Landuse behind Cley Managed shingle ridge Flat saltmarsh land Salthouse village
11. Looking east towards Sheringham Chalk/unconsolidated sand and glacial till cliffs Revetments had previously been laid Along the cliff but post 1998 these were removed following a storm breach and has now been left unmanaged
12. Cliff face showing evidence of slumping Under the shingle beach there is a chalk WCP Evident during storm periods Slumping
20. Undefended Sheringham-looking west towards Weybourne Sheringham golf course Chalk dipping beneath sealevel Leaving glacial deposits exposed Evidence of slumping LSD now eastwards
21. Start of defences (west of Sheringham centre)-Groynes Hinged doors allow shingle movement from west to east WEST EAST
22. Sheringham West Beach Original Sea Wall not included in sea wall replacement scheme – the wider beach offered greater protection Rock Armour buried by shingle helps to prevent scouring of sea wall Sheringham town centre
23. Fishermen’s Slope – in 1986 beach level fell by 2.5 m due to scouring Sea wall from 1900 resurfaced with concrete in 1988 and entirely replaced in 1993 -4 Rock Armour and Rock groynes Narrow beach here = more erosion
24. Sheringham East Drainage pipe in cliff to Help prevent saturation of soil Drainage hole allows water to Flow onto promenade
25. Sheringham East – the end of the sea defences Cliff slumping along undefended stretch 1988 – Beach nourishment used 12000 tonnes of flints were deposited into The bays East of the ‘tank’
27. High value landuse in Sheringham town centre – Sea Defences hold the existing line £1.5 million spent in 1998 on replacing and repairing wooden groynes And installing rock groynes
28.
29. West Runton has few tourist amenities; Low value; Managed retreat Short sea wall protects café and toilet block Dark band at base of cliff marks line of a tropical river which meandered East to West 600 000 yrs bp – Known as Cromer Forest Bed Many fossil remains found including the West Runton Elephant Cliffs are glacial till and prone to Slumping – results in a gentle profile
30. WCP forms rocky outcrop Erratics from Northumberland (Dolerite) and Norway (Rhomb Pomphry) found here
31. Low value landuse – agriculture and caravan park Weight of farm machinery has encouraged cliff collapse along the coast
36. Boulder Clay cliffs are prone to slumping Gabions hold back slumped material - A successful measure Drainage holes are found in concrete wall Bore holes sunk into ground in high risk areas to remove water
45. Slope was regraded after a loss of 100,000 tonnes of material in 1994 Lack of vegetation Drainage channels
46. Rock armour at base to prevent further slumping and undercutting 1995 – area excavated and layers of sand and synthetic matting, Chalk and boulder clay were used to rebuild the slope. Drainage channels, bore holes and inspection holes were installed
47. Council access road had been re - routed twice before 1994 New access road to beach for maintenance
Flooding management – compared to erosion management Article in handout
Revetments had previously been laid along the cliff but post 1998 these were removed following a storm breach and has now been left unmanaged
Article in handout
Managed retreat – often termed sustainable – allowing nature to find its equilibrium e.g. let salt marshes develop to create natural buffer zone …. Only intervene if it becomes necessary.
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