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Les marchés sont à la hausse aujourd’hui en raison de la situation en Chine et en Espagne, mais 
ils retiendront sans doute leur souffle à l’approche des élections du 17 juin en Grèce. 
 
La Grèce ? 
Elle fait du yoyo ces derniers temps, avec un léger avantage pour les partis en faveur de 
l’austérité, en tête, la Nouvelle‐Démocratie. Une victoire de Syriza pourrait entraîner une sortie 
rapide de la Grèce de l’Union européenne, ce qui, à court terme, affecterait les marchés, mais 
serait, à un horizon plus lointain, positif pour la zone euro, qui ne serait plus liée à son enfant 
terrible. 
 
 
Bonnes nouvelles de Chine : les statistiques économiques sont meilleures que prévu; 
 
Les marchés craignaient la semaine dernière que la baisse du taux directeur n’annonce des 
statistiques faibles, donc les bonnes nouvelles ci‐dessous devraient être bien accueillies : 
 
Le fait que l’indice des prix à la consommation se situe à 3 % (3,4 % en avril) et le taux cible, à 4 
% permettra de réduire un peu plus les taux d’intérêt, ce qui va encourager l’activité de prêt et 
les emprunts dans les mois à venir. 
 
 
Ventes d’automobiles +22 
 
La production industrielle de la Chine a progressé de 9,6 % en mai par rapport à l’an dernier, 
contre 9,3 % en avril, d’après les données de l’Organisme statistique national chinois. 
  
En attendant, les ventes au détail ont progressé de 13,8 %, contre 14,1 % en avril, alors que les 
observateurs attendaient une hausse de 14,2 %. 
  
Espagne : un soulagement à court terme  
 
Le plan de sauvetage de l’Espagne de 125 G$ US orchestré par la Banque centrale européenne, 
une nouvelle solution ponctuelle pour résoudre le problème à court terme, permet de gagner 
du temps mais n’instaure malheureusement pas une union bancaire totale qui assure les dépôts 
en Europe et brise enfin le cercle vicieux entre les banques et les emprunteurs souverains. 
 
Il est tout de même positif que ces événements aient eu lieu avant l’élection du 17 juin en 
Grèce, car la situation pourrait se dégrader en cas d’une victoire de Syriza. Le plan de sauvetage 
plus important que prévu devrait suffire à contenir l’importante fuite de capitaux des banques 
espagnoles responsable de la crise actuelle. 
 
Il est bon que les responsables européens aient agi relativement rapidement, de façon pro‐
active et directe pour puiser dans les nouveaux mécanismes de sauvetage du FESF/MES, même 
s’il est évident que les fonds de 500 G€ ne suffiront pas à sauver l’Espagne ou l’Italie en totalité. 
 
Cela n’aidera pas l’Espagne à long terme, car l’Espagne est redevable du plan de sauvetage, ce 
qui alourdit sa dette et affecte sa note de crédit puisque sa dette augmente d’environ 20 %. 
 
Avec le sauvetage des banques espagnoles et une croissance plus dynamique que prévu en 
Chine, l’intérêt devrait se porter sur les actions des sociétés pétrolières et productrices de 
métaux communs, en particulier parce qu’elles ont été largement délaissées cette année. 
 
Ed Sollbach

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