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Indonesian Theater
Contents
Introduction
Origin
Elements of Wayang Kulit
Elements of Performance
Common Character
Introduction
Wayang refer to kinds of
puppet theaters, sometimes
the puppet itself is referred to
as wayang. Performances of
shadow puppet theaters are
accompanied by a Gamelan
orchestra in Java, and by
Gender Wayang in Bali.
Wayang Kulit, or shadow
puppets, are without a doubt
the best known of the
Indonesian Wayang. Kulit means
skin, and refers to the leather
construction of the puppets that
are carefully shaped with very
fine tools and supported with
carefully shaped buffalo horn
handles and control rods.
It was given recognition as a Masterpiece of Oral
and Intangible Heritage of Humanity on November
7, 2003 by UNESCO and required Indonesians to
preserve their heritage.
The stories are usually drawn from the Hindu epics:
• 1. Ramayana
• 2. Mahabharata
• 3. Serat Menak - a story about the heroism of
Amir Hamza
Origin:
The shadow theatre has existed, in the lands between Turkey and
China.
 Indonesian shadow puppet performances originated in India
 Came to Bali from Java between the 11th and 14th centuries.
An 11th century Balinese royal inscription mentions a wayang
performance.
Earliest record: Central Java, 907 AD with story: Bimmaya Kumara
 In Bali, Wayang Kulit performances are sacred and form part of
many ceremonies in village and family temples.
3 functions : instructive, entertaining and religious.
Elements of a Wayang Kulit Show
Puppeteer
“Dalang”
Puppets
Elements of a Wayang Kulit Show
The gunungan
(gunung, mountain) or
kayanon (forest) is the
most important part of
the show. It is used to
signal the beginning
and the end of the
performance.
Elements of a Wayang Kulit Show
The gunungan is placed in the center of the
screen before the drama begins, separating
the opposed groups of characters that lie to
the right and left of the dalang.
Elements of a Wayang Kulit Show
Unjust
(Bad)
Just
(Good)
Wayang Kulit Performance consists of shadows
cast on a cotton screen and an oil lamp.
• In Java, most often used as a light source is a
halogen electric light
• Wayang Sandosa has employed spotlights,
colored lights and other innovation
1. They start from master
models (typically on paper)
which are traced out onto
skin or parchment,
providing the figures with
an outline and with
indications of any holes
that will need to be cut
(such as for the mouth or
eyes).
The Handwork in Making a Wayang Kulit Figure:
2. The figures are then
smoothed, usually with a
glass bottle, and primed.
The structure is
inspected and eventually
the details are worked
through. A further
smoothing follows before
individual painting,
which is undertaken by
yet another craftsman.
The Handwork in Making a Wayang Kulit Figure:
3. Finally, the movable
parts (upper arms,
lower arms with hands,
and the associated
sticks for manipulation)
are mounted on the
body, which has a
central staff by which it
is held.
The Handwork in Making a Wayang Kulit Figure:
Elements of Performance
The fundamental components of a performance
include:
• the puppeteer, dhalang(Java) / dalang(Bali)
• a hammer used by the dhalang to knock on
the puppet box, cempala
• metal plates that the dhalang hits with his
foot, kepyak
• a traditional Indonesian orchestra, gamelan
• shadow puppets, wayang kulit
• a light source, blencong
• female singers and a male chorus, pesindhen
and penggerong
• a screen frame and screen, gawang and kelir;
the main focus of the performance
• banana logs, gedebog; the pointed sticks of
the wayang base handle pierce the peeled
trunk of a banana tree and the spongy
substance holds the puppets in place
• a puppet box, kothak
Elements of Performance
Kelir
Blencong
Puppet
Gawang
Gedebog
Cempala
Kothak
Dhalang
Elements of Performance (Stage)
Characters with narrow eyes are refined and
elegant. Those with wide eyes are more down
to earth.
If you were a Wayang Kulit puppet, what would
your eyes look like?
Characters:
Over the head of the
dalang there is a special brass
oil lamp (blencong) often
shaped like the mythical bird
Garuda. The light shining from
the lamp on the head of the
dalang – and making possible
the projection of the shadow
of the puppets on the screen –
represents the divine light
infused through the upper
chakra in the dalang
(intermediary between gods
and humans).
• The Garuda (Sanskrit: Garuḍa गरुड, eagle;
Pāli Garuḷa) is a large mythical bird or bird-
like creature that appears in both Hindu
and Buddhist religion.
The Ramayana is a popular story to tell with
shadow puppets. Here are some of the
characters from the Ramayana:
Garuda
Rama
Sita
Hanuman
Raksasa
Ravana
In addition:
Wayang Kulit as one of “the grandfathers”
of modern cinema.
1. It is the shadow puppet of
Indonesia.
a. Kabuki
b. Nang
c. Peking Opera
d. Wayang Kulit
2.The Indonesian shadow puppet
theater shows are based on the
stories of .
a. Biag Ni Lam-ang
b. Nagarakretagama
c. Ramayana and Mahabharata
d. The Tale of the Heike
3. The puppeteer of Java,
Indonesia is called
.
a. Blencong
b. Dalang
c. Gawang
d. Kothak
4. The performances of shadow
puppet theaters are accompanied by
.
the music of
a. Gamelan
b. Guitar
c. Piano
d. Rondalla
5.Indonesian puppet theaters are
performed with shadows that are cast on a
.
a. cotton screen and an oil lamp
b. Japanese paper and lampshade
c. Tarpaulin and spotlight
d. Transparent plastic and flashlight
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music8lesson1wayangkulit-190203122425.pptx

  • 2. Contents Introduction Origin Elements of Wayang Kulit Elements of Performance Common Character
  • 3. Introduction Wayang refer to kinds of puppet theaters, sometimes the puppet itself is referred to as wayang. Performances of shadow puppet theaters are accompanied by a Gamelan orchestra in Java, and by Gender Wayang in Bali.
  • 4. Wayang Kulit, or shadow puppets, are without a doubt the best known of the Indonesian Wayang. Kulit means skin, and refers to the leather construction of the puppets that are carefully shaped with very fine tools and supported with carefully shaped buffalo horn handles and control rods.
  • 5.
  • 6. It was given recognition as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity on November 7, 2003 by UNESCO and required Indonesians to preserve their heritage. The stories are usually drawn from the Hindu epics: • 1. Ramayana • 2. Mahabharata • 3. Serat Menak - a story about the heroism of Amir Hamza
  • 7. Origin: The shadow theatre has existed, in the lands between Turkey and China.  Indonesian shadow puppet performances originated in India  Came to Bali from Java between the 11th and 14th centuries. An 11th century Balinese royal inscription mentions a wayang performance. Earliest record: Central Java, 907 AD with story: Bimmaya Kumara  In Bali, Wayang Kulit performances are sacred and form part of many ceremonies in village and family temples. 3 functions : instructive, entertaining and religious.
  • 8. Elements of a Wayang Kulit Show
  • 10. The gunungan (gunung, mountain) or kayanon (forest) is the most important part of the show. It is used to signal the beginning and the end of the performance. Elements of a Wayang Kulit Show
  • 11. The gunungan is placed in the center of the screen before the drama begins, separating the opposed groups of characters that lie to the right and left of the dalang. Elements of a Wayang Kulit Show Unjust (Bad) Just (Good)
  • 12. Wayang Kulit Performance consists of shadows cast on a cotton screen and an oil lamp. • In Java, most often used as a light source is a halogen electric light • Wayang Sandosa has employed spotlights, colored lights and other innovation
  • 13. 1. They start from master models (typically on paper) which are traced out onto skin or parchment, providing the figures with an outline and with indications of any holes that will need to be cut (such as for the mouth or eyes). The Handwork in Making a Wayang Kulit Figure:
  • 14. 2. The figures are then smoothed, usually with a glass bottle, and primed. The structure is inspected and eventually the details are worked through. A further smoothing follows before individual painting, which is undertaken by yet another craftsman. The Handwork in Making a Wayang Kulit Figure:
  • 15. 3. Finally, the movable parts (upper arms, lower arms with hands, and the associated sticks for manipulation) are mounted on the body, which has a central staff by which it is held. The Handwork in Making a Wayang Kulit Figure:
  • 16. Elements of Performance The fundamental components of a performance include: • the puppeteer, dhalang(Java) / dalang(Bali) • a hammer used by the dhalang to knock on the puppet box, cempala • metal plates that the dhalang hits with his foot, kepyak • a traditional Indonesian orchestra, gamelan • shadow puppets, wayang kulit
  • 17. • a light source, blencong • female singers and a male chorus, pesindhen and penggerong • a screen frame and screen, gawang and kelir; the main focus of the performance • banana logs, gedebog; the pointed sticks of the wayang base handle pierce the peeled trunk of a banana tree and the spongy substance holds the puppets in place • a puppet box, kothak Elements of Performance
  • 19. Characters with narrow eyes are refined and elegant. Those with wide eyes are more down to earth. If you were a Wayang Kulit puppet, what would your eyes look like? Characters:
  • 20. Over the head of the dalang there is a special brass oil lamp (blencong) often shaped like the mythical bird Garuda. The light shining from the lamp on the head of the dalang – and making possible the projection of the shadow of the puppets on the screen – represents the divine light infused through the upper chakra in the dalang (intermediary between gods and humans).
  • 21. • The Garuda (Sanskrit: Garuḍa गरुड, eagle; Pāli Garuḷa) is a large mythical bird or bird- like creature that appears in both Hindu and Buddhist religion.
  • 22. The Ramayana is a popular story to tell with shadow puppets. Here are some of the characters from the Ramayana:
  • 24. Rama
  • 25. Sita
  • 29.
  • 30. In addition: Wayang Kulit as one of “the grandfathers” of modern cinema.
  • 31.
  • 32. 1. It is the shadow puppet of Indonesia. a. Kabuki b. Nang c. Peking Opera d. Wayang Kulit
  • 33. 2.The Indonesian shadow puppet theater shows are based on the stories of . a. Biag Ni Lam-ang b. Nagarakretagama c. Ramayana and Mahabharata d. The Tale of the Heike
  • 34. 3. The puppeteer of Java, Indonesia is called . a. Blencong b. Dalang c. Gawang d. Kothak
  • 35. 4. The performances of shadow puppet theaters are accompanied by . the music of a. Gamelan b. Guitar c. Piano d. Rondalla
  • 36. 5.Indonesian puppet theaters are performed with shadows that are cast on a . a. cotton screen and an oil lamp b. Japanese paper and lampshade c. Tarpaulin and spotlight d. Transparent plastic and flashlight