- The document summarizes key facts about the state of public education in the Philippines. It discusses enrollment numbers, teacher ratios, performance indicators, and literacy rates. It then outlines the K-12 basic education reform agenda, including extending basic education to Kindergarten plus 12 years and implementing a mother tongue-based multilingual education approach. The goals are to better prepare students for the workforce, entrepreneurship, or higher education.

1. State of Philippine
Public Education
by:
Mrs. Amabel F. Capistrano
Ching Tan Room,
Ateneo de Manila University
July 4, 2013

2. BASIC EDUCATION FAST FACTS
(DepEd and CHED Data, PDI research)
• Public schools 45,973
-elementary 38,503
-secondary 7,470

3. SITUATIONER
FLEMMS 2008
38%
62%
0 0
PHILIPPINE POPULATION: 80M
6 years old and above
Completed Basic
Education
30,400,000
Not completed
Basic Education
49,6000,000

4. BASIC EDUCATION FAST FACTS
• Public school teachers 528,954
-kindergarten and elementary 368,360
-secondary 160,594

5. TEACHER-PUPIL RATIO
BRUNEI MALAYSIA PHL SG
PRE
SCHOOL
2:20 (with
teacher
assistant)
2:25 (one
teacher, one
assistant)
1:20
ELEM 1:12 (with
teacher
assistant)
1:19 (1:50
in some)
1:36 1:20
HS 1:11 1:50 (in
some)
1:38 1:30

6. NUMBER OF STUDENTS IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS
enrolled in public schools 20.7M
-kinder enrollment 1.8M
-elementary enrollment 13.3M
-secondary enrollment 5.6M

7. PERFORMANCE
INDICATORS
Indicators Elementary Secondary
2008-
2009
2009-
2010
2008-
2009
2009-
2010
A. ACCESS
Indicator
1. Gross Enrollment Rate
Public and Private 102.05% 82.92%
Public only 91.13% 92.80% 64.16% 67.91%
2. Participation Rate
Public and Private 85.12% 60.74%
Public only 75.55% 76.8% 45.59% 48.65%

8. PERFORMANCE
INDICATORS
Indicators Elementary Secondary
2008-
2009
2009-
2010
2008-
2009
2009-
2010
B. EFFICIENCY
Indicator
1. Completion Rate
Public and Private 73.28% 75.24%
Public only 63.34% 63.47% 57.65% 58.05%
2. Participation Rate
Public and Private 6.02% 7.45%
Public only 8.85% 8.84% 14.62% 14.70%

9. 61, 510
(sy 2013-14)
99, 628
SY 2012-13

10. BASIC EDUCATION FAST FACTS
34, 131
(2013-14)
66, 800
(2012-2013)

11. Literacy
Rate
2008
FLEMMS
(Functional Literacy
Education Mass
Media Survey)
Types 2003 2008
Basic
Literacy
93.4% 95.6%
Functional
Literacy
84.1% 86.4%

13. Of 100 children entering
Grade 1:
Roughly 15 pupils do not
make it to Grade II
Roughly 25 students
(25%) have dropped out
before Grade IV
50% graduate in HS
PARTICIPATION
RATE

17. Basic Education Sector Reform Agenda
(BESRA)
Main Thrust:
K to 12 Basic Education Program
“We need to add two years to our basic
education. Those who can afford pay up to
fourteen years of schooling before university.
Thus, their children are getting into the best
universities and the best jobs after graduation.
I want at least 12 years for our public school
children to give them an even chance at
succeeding.”
-Pres. N. Aquino
STRATEGY TO
ADDRESS
QUALITY
EDUCATION

18. Kindergarten and the 12 years of
elementary and secondary basic education
Kindergarten - 5-year old cohort that takes
a standardized kinder curriculum
Elementary education – primary schooling
that involves 6 years of education
Secondary education – 6 years high school
What is K to 12?

19. -acquire mastery of basic
competencies
-be more emotionally mature
-be socially aware, pro-active,
involved in public and civic affairs
-be adequately prepared for the
world of work or entrepreneurship or
higher education
-be legally employable with potential
for better earnings
-be globally competitive
K to 12 VISION

20. ATTRIBUTES OF THE K TO 12
TEACHERS
* multi-literate
* multi-specialist
* multi-skilled
* lifelong learner
* flexible
* creative problem solver
* high passion for excellent teaching
* high EQ
K to 12 VISION

21. On becoming a trilingual nation:
-learn English well and connect to the
world
-learn Filipino well and connect to
your country
-retain your dialect and connect with
your heritage
Mother Tongue-
Based
Multilingual
Education (MTB-
MLE)

22. * The medium of instruction in most
countries is bilingual/multilingual
except for Australia and Thailand
* English and mother tongue are used
as mediums of instruction in most
countries
* Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia,
Singapore have “Mother-Tongue”
language subject from primary to
upper high school
Medium of
Instruction

23. • PH curriculum emphasizes comprehension of
English… oral and written… especially through
study of literature
• Little emphasis on essays, stories, and oral
argument… does not encourage creativity in
language
• Reflected in NAT tests which do not include
open ended comprehension questions and do
not include assessment of writing
ENGLISH CURRICULUM

24. In general, dependence on language for
development of concepts in mathematics and
science is ignored in the Philippine curriculum.
LANGUAGE CURRICULUM
Key findings from AUSAID UNIMELB

25. In early secondary math students learn
that, say, 10˚ = 1… this is knowing a “fact
Later they learn how to use that knowledge as
in
102 multiplied by 103 = 105 this is applying
But knowing and applying will not
lead to understanding why 100 = 1
MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM

26. ALS
budget
(2011) 387
m or 0.19%
from the
total

27. Education is …
• “Everyone’s concern” (Bro Armin)
• “It takes a village to raise a child”
(African Proverb, 1996 Hillary
Clinton )