Chitosan nanofibers

1. Chitosan Nanofiber
G. M. Ahshanuzzaman
Student Id : 110515
4th Year 1st Term
Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline
Khulna University
Khulna

2. Chitin
Chitin (C8H13O5N)n is a polysaccharide found in the outer
skeleton of insects, crabs, shrimps, and lobsters and in the internal
structures of other invertebrates. Chitin is composed of ß(1-4)
linked units of the amino sugar N-acetyl-glucosamine

3. Chitosan
Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed β-(1-4)-linked D-
glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (acetylated unit). It is made
by treating shrimp and other crustacean shells with the alkali sodium hydroxide. It is a
linear polysaccharide derived from the Ndeacetylation of chitin, which is the second most
abundant polysaccharide
Nanofibers are defined as particulate dispersions or solid particles with a size
in the range of 1–1000 nm.

4. Sources of Chitin and Chitosan
• Insects
o Cuticle
o Ovipositors
o Beetle cocoon
• Crustaceans
o Crab shell
o Shrimp shell
• Squid
o Ommastrephes pen
o Loligo stomach wall
• Centric Diatoms
o Thalassiosira fluviatilis
o Algae
• Fungi
o Mucor rouxi
o Aspergillis nidulans

5. Preparation of Chitin and Chitosan
Crab or Shrimp Shell
↓
Mill
↓
Decolorize
solvent extraction
↓
Demineralize
↓
Wash
↓
De proteinize
20% NaOH
↓
Purified Chitin
↓
Deactylate
↓
Purified Chitosan

6. Preparation of Chitosan Nanofiber

7. A colloidal suspension of ca. 1 wt. % chitin
nanofiber and chitosan solution in about 4 %
acetic acid was mixed under magnetic stirring
for 12 hrs to allow uniform dispersion.
Casting was done on a round glass mold of Ø
= 72 cm covered with a Teflon film surface.
Drying was performed in an oven at 37 °C.
Evaporation of water and acetic acid resulted
into a consolidated nanostructured composite
film.
Preparation of Chitosan Nanofiber Composites

8.  Light and strong
 Ultra-fine fibers (fiber width: about 3 nm)
 Large specific surface area
 Low thermal expansion
 High gas barrier properties
 The modulus of elasticity has the same level of strength as that of aramid fiber, which is
known as a high-strength fiber,
 Thermal expansion on par with glass.
 Its tensile strength is about 500MPa
 Its stiffness is about 140–220 Gpa
 Films made from nanocellulose have high strength (over 200 MPa),
 High stiffness (around 20 GPa) and high strain
 Its strength/weight ratio is 8 times that of stainless steel.
Properties of Chitosan Nanocomposite

9.  Agricultural Applications
 Wastewater Treatment Applications
 Food Industry Applications
 Medical Applications
 Artificial skin
 Surgical sutures
 Artificial blood vessels
 Surgical Adhesion
 Used for preservative purposes while packaging
foods and in dentistry to eliminate caries.
 Anti-viral
 Dental plaque inhibition
 Bone healing treatment
 Anti bacterial Orthopedic and
Periodontal Applications
 Tissue Engineering
 Wound Healing
 Drug Delivery
Applications of Chitosan Nanocomposite

10.  Cars
 Transparent Cell-Phone
 Transparent LED-TV
 Transparent Watch
 Transparent Valuable
Ornaments
 Transparent panel Products
 Transparent hard-wares for
Computer
Future Inventions from Chitosan Nanocomposite