Contenu connexe Plus de Graeme Lloyd (20) Bias in estimates of palaeobiodiversity: beyond the marine macrofossil record1. Bias in estimates of
palaeobiodiversity: beyond the
marine macrofossil record
Graeme T. Lloyd
4. How did life get so diverse?
Last
Universal
Common
Ancestor
?
5. How did life get so diverse?
Last
Universal
Common
Ancestor
6. Extant vs. fossil record
Red – lineage through time plot based
on extant data only
Navy – lineage through time plot
based on fossil data
Ezard et al. 2011
8. But can we trust the curves?
David Raup
Miller 2009, after Raup 1972
11. Beyond the marine macrofossils…
Collating the data –early curves
? ?
Open ocean Shelf Terrestrial
13. Dinosaurs – data –early curves
Collating the common cause
Non-marine Haq SL
surface area
Packages Miller SL
DBCs
DBFs
Butler et al. 2011
14. Dinosaurs – data –early curves
Collating the sampling bias
Dinosaur-bearing localities
Palaeoarea covered
Phylogenetic diversity
Taxonomic diversity
Dinosaur-bearing formations
Benton et al. 2011
23. Coccolithophores–early curves
Collating the data – correlation
richness
rho = 0.02
richness
sampling
sampling
rho = 0.40 rho = 0.48
Lloyd et al. 2012
27. Fishes – the data –early curves
Collating global curves
Agassiz 1843 Carroll 1988
Benton 1993 Sepkoski 2002
Lloyd and Friedman, accepted
28. Fishes – the data –early curves
Collating global curves
Agassiz 1843 Carroll 1988
R^2 = 0.74
Benton 1993 Sepkoski 2002
R^2 = 0.91
Lloyd and Friedman, accepted
30. Fishes – the data –early curves
Collating raw diversity
Lloyd and Friedman, accepted
31. Fishes – the data –early curves
Collating proxies
Formations
Localities
Grids
Lloyd and Friedman,
accepted
32. Fishes – the data –early curves
Collating correlations
Formations
rho = 0.64
rho = 0.71
Localities Grids
Lloyd and Friedman, accepted
33. Fishes – the data –early curves
Collating multivariate modeling
Lloyd and Friedman, accepted
34. Fishes – the data –early curves
Collating subsampling
Lloyd and Friedman, accepted
35. Fishes – the data –early curves
Collating modeling
Formations
Localities
Grids
Lloyd and Friedman,
accepted
36. Fishes – the data –early curves
Collating cartilage vs. bone
Lloyd and Friedman, accepted
37. Fishes – the data –early curves
Collating cartilage vs. bone
rho = 0.83 rho = 0.44
Formations
rho = 0.53 rho = 0.20
Localities
rho = 0.56 rho = 0.21
Grids
Lloyd and Friedman, accepted
39. Acknowledgements
Collating the data –early curves
Michael Steve Katie Matt Dave Rachel
Benton Brusatte Davis Friedman Hone Jennings
Davide Paul Marcello Manabu Andrew James Jeremy
Pisani Pearson Ruta Sakamot Smith Tarver Young
o
40. Papers, data, R code etc.
Collating the data –early curves
http://www.graemetlloyd.com/