1. International Conference on Engineering of Tarumanagara (ICET 2013)
Faculty of Engineering, TarumanagaraUniversity, Jakarta-Indonesia, October,2-3,2013
ISBN: 00-00-00-00-00
NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY BY USING MAGNETS
TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY
Dzulfi S Prihartanto , Suherlan, Gede Eka Lesmana, Yohannes Dewanto
Mechanical Engineering Pancasila University, Jl. Srengseng Sawah, Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan 12640,
Indonesia
e-mail: sdzulfi@yahoo.com, dewantoyohanes@gmail.com,
Abstract
This paper discussed about one of the new and renewable energy, to generate
electricity using magnets. The way is the fan consisting of a rotor and stator rotor modified
on the connection as well as on its blade. At the ends of the magnet and the blade is placed
on the "housing" diagonal, then the blade rotated first time and so will rotate itself due to
the magnetic field. From the test results, to turn on the LED, fan output can produce 2-3
Volt dc LED can be bright and well.
Keywords: rotor, stator, magnetic field, electric field.
INTRODUCTION
One of the natural resources that have strategic value to national development are
sustainable energy. Indonesia's energy wealth is not only related to the amount but also the
diversity. Indonesia is rich in various types of energy both fossil and non-fossil-based.
Therefore not wise to Indonesia just rely on one type of energy only, namely that such a
fossil-based fuel, as fossil energy reserves of national and even world is very limited and
will gradually run out. In such conditions, energy conservation and diversification policies
that have been announced by the government is the right policy to be applied in Indonesia.
Therefore the development of new renewable energy as a complementary fossil-based
energy, is essential to continue to be implemented. To support this policy, important things
that need to be pursued is the consistency, commitment and change the mindset of the
government and the people of Indonesia that the energy source is not only fuel or coal or
gas, but also, water, waves, wind, solar, geothermal, bio fuels, even nuclear waste is also a
very useful source of energy, and all of it is owned by the Indonesian. To be able to
harness the energy diversity, the bottom line is that Indonesia is not included in the
category of countries rich in fossil energy sources. Per capita reserves of oil, gas and coal
reserves of Indonesia under the per capita world average. Indonesia's energy use is still
relatively very small. Electrical energy consumption and primary energy Indonesia (2006)
per capita is 517 kWh and 0.57 TOE, while the primary energy consumption of electricity
and the world average is 2463 kWh and 1.63 TOE. However, Indonesia has the potential
instead of New and Renewable Energy is the largest, i.e. the energy of water (hydro) of 75
670 MW. However, until 2008, its use has reached 4,200 MW, or about 5% of the existing
potential. Efforts to use water energy as one of the alternative energy is still being
conducted and developed mainly through the acquisition of micro-hydro technology (50-
500 kW) is utilized to meet the needs of rural electrification.

2. International Conference on Engineering of Tarumanagara (ICET 2013)
Faculty of Engineering, TarumanagaraUniversity, Jakarta-Indonesia, October,2-3,2013
ISBN: 00-00-00-00-00
Based on the results of the seminar indicated that renewable energy has become a global
ambitions in European countries, which excel in environmentally friendly technologies,
and countries in the Middle East and Asia. That trend, by the United Nations, is expected
to continue to be studied. Based on the latest draft of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC) in 2050, the utilization of renewable energy, such as wind and
solar power, is expected to rise in 2050. In 2008, the use of renewable energy globally
reached approximately 19.9%. The first rank was still a kind of energy that fuel wood is
widely used in developing countries as a fuel for cooking and heating. The use of bio
energy is expected to reach 10.2%, however thus, this time wood is no longer included in
the IPCC scenario. On this occasion discussed one form of renewable energy that is free
energy with the use of magnets.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
MATERIALS
In realizing and applying magnets to generate electricity do the integration as
follows:
Figure1.brusless fan and bread board figure 2. Connection cable in rotor
Material required is, fan with dc brushless motor drive, breadboard, (see figure 1), LED,
magnet (for driving), then all these materials are integrated to form a circuit as shown in
Figure 2.
METHODS
Determination of magnetic force repel
Magnets repel force occurs when the magnetic poles or similar namesake brought near
each other. Two poles of two magnets N or S magnetic poles adjacent to each other will
repel each other. Figure 3 shows two magnetic poles repel each other and the magnetic
field lines around a permanent magnet. Permanent magnet has a magnetic field (B). Great
value B of a magnet will determine the magnitude of attraction or repulsion force against
other objects. At the same position between the magnet with a point will be felt attraction
or repulsion force distinct if the value of B of the magnetic changes.
The denser the magnetic field lines shows that the larger the value of B and vice versa
increasingly tenuous magnetic field lines shows that the smaller the value of B.

3. International Conference on Engineering of Tarumanagara (ICET 2013)
Faculty of Engineering, TarumanagaraUniversity, Jakarta-Indonesia, October,2-3,2013
ISBN: 00-00-00-00-00
Figure 3. Interaction of two magnetic different Figure 4.Brushless motors work
pole and not the magnetic field lines
Alternator
Alternators generate electricity using the same principle as DC generators, namely, when
the magnetic field around a conductor changes, a current is induced in the conductor.
Typically, a rotating magnet, called the rotor turns within a stationary set of conductors
wound in coils on an iron core, called the stator. The field cuts across the conductors,
generating an induced EMF (electromotive force), as the mechanical input causes the rotor
to turn. The rotating magnetic field induces an AC voltage in the stator windings. Often
there are three sets of stator windings, physically offset so that the rotating magnetic field
produces a three phase current, displaced by one-third of a period with respect to each
other see figure 4.
The rotor's magnetic field may be produced by induction (as in a "brushless"
alternator), by permanent magnets (as in very small machines), or by a rotor winding
energized with direct current through slip rings and brushes. The rotor's magnetic field
may even be provided by stationary field winding, with moving poles in the rotor.
Automotive alternators invariably use a rotor winding, which allows control of the
alternator's generated voltage by varying the current in the rotor field winding. Permanent
magnet machines avoid the loss due to magnetizing current in the rotor, but are restricted
in size, due to the cost of the magnet material. Since the permanent magnet field is
constant, the terminal voltage varies directly with the speed of the generator. An automatic
voltage control device controls the field current to keep output voltage constant. If the
output voltage from the stationary armature coils drops due to an increase in demand, more
current is fed into the rotating field coils through the voltage regulator (VR). This increases
the magnetic field around the field coils which induces a greater voltage in the armature
coils.
Thus, the output voltage is brought back up to its original value. Alternators used in
central power stations may also control the field current to regulate reactive power and to
help stabilize the power system against the effects of momentary faults.
1. The electric motor is a transducer that converts the form of a massive amount of
electricity into mechanical form, in this paper will be used against the electric
motor is used as an electric generator and produce DC electricity. The electricity
generated by the propeller of fan coil due to playing. The coil is then connected to
the breadboard, and then will connect with LEDs.
2. In order to generate electricity, the motor must be rotated, rotation produced by
propeller movement. If the round even louder, the electricity generated will be
greater, which is in line with the theory of EMF.

4. International Conference on Engineering of Tarumanagara (ICET 2013)
Faculty of Engineering, TarumanagaraUniversity, Jakarta-Indonesia, October,2-3,2013
ISBN: 00-00-00-00-00
3. The generated electricity, then connected to use traditional wired to the load, in this
case the load applied is LED.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
After all of the material that has been described collected, then all such material be
integrated, while the steps of integration are:
1. Unloading with specifications 12Vdc brushless fan and 1500 rpm, to take the coil,
while the coil to form the brushless fan as shown in Figure 5a, 5b. 5c.
(a) (b) (c)
Figure 5 (a) Cross-section of the coil winding brushless fan where connecting cable.
(b) Cross-section winding coil brushless fan
(c) Cross-section brushless fan coil winding side view
2. Look for the final part of the winding in Figure 5 (a) there are 4 coil winding means
there are 2 pairs facing each other. Connect with using lead with connecting cable,
once connected to the coil put back into the position of a brushless fan casing as
shown in Figure 6.
3. Then the other end of the connecting cable, connect the board to a bread board to
make connectivity with the LED indicator, and a current-limiting resistor, as shown
in Figure 7.
Figure 6. Replacement of the coil Figure 7.Connect after connecting the cable
to the cable breadboard
4. Integrate all the bread board, check back for not to reverse the polarity of the anode
and cathode on the LED, if it is true then it will look like Figure 8.

5. International Conference on Engineering of Tarumanagara (ICET 2013)
Faculty of Engineering, TarumanagaraUniversity, Jakarta-Indonesia, October,2-3,2013
ISBN: 00-00-00-00-00
5. Cut the blade, so the remaining 4 blade, place the blade positions that had been cut
above the coil, then stick a magnet on the tip of the blade as shown in Figure 9,
note the position of the magnet, the same poles facing toward the casing.
Figure 8. Examination of Figure 9. magnet position on blade
After all integrated as shown in Figure-Pictured above, then the tests, while for trials on
this system, there are 2 first test using 1 magnet, while the second test using 2 magnets.
The testing phase is described as follows:
1. Velocity brushless fan trial
This test aims to determine the effect of many magnets if attached to the blade, and a
lot of blades. As for the initial conditions of 7 the number of blades and blade attach
as many as 5 magnets in the magnet, as shown in Figure 10 (a) and (b).
(a) (b)
Figure 10. (a) The position of the magnet and the placement of the blades
(b) 5 magnets and 7 blades, ready to play
Of testing was analyzed, it was concluded:
• The number of magnets added, and the amount of the fixed blade rotation will be
slow, this has resulted in increased blade mass and rotation becomes slow, if slow
rotation will result in a small electricity generated. If the voltage measured by
voltmeter generating 1 Volt.

6. International Conference on Engineering of Tarumanagara (ICET 2013)
Faculty of Engineering, TarumanagaraUniversity, Jakarta-Indonesia, October,2-3,2013
ISBN: 00-00-00-00-00
• The number of blades is reduced, may lead to more rapid rotation, this is due to the
mass of the blade is reduced, if the rotation increases, the electricity generated will
lead to quite large. If measured a voltage 3.5 Volt.
2. Trial the response to the LED using 1 magnet
1. Integrate all of the material as shown in Figure 5 to Figure 9.
2. Attach the magnet on one side, with different pole position, so as to repel the
result will be spinning.
3. Play with the help of hand for the early rounds.
4. Generator will be spinning, and generate electricity, which is indicated by the
LED flashing, with a fast period, see Figures 11 and 12.
Figure 11. trial with 1 magnet, Figure 12.trial with 1 magnet, LEDs
LEDs on the conditions on on condition off
3. The second trial
1. Integrate all the material, the same as the first test to the point 1.
2. Then attach the magnet more than the first test magnet in the chassis fan, as much as
2 magnets with the same position bleak trial 1.
3. Play with rock hands for the early rounds.
4. Generator will be spinning, and generate electricity, which is indicated by the LED
flashing, with periods of faster and more stable than the first test, see Figures 13 and
14.
Figure 13. Trial with 2 magnets, on the Figure 14. Trial with 2 magnets LEDs on
the conditions on the LED on the conditions on the LED off

7. International Conference on Engineering of Tarumanagara (ICET 2013)
Faculty of Engineering, TarumanagaraUniversity, Jakarta-Indonesia, October,2-3,2013
ISBN: 00-00-00-00-00
CONCLUSIONS
Of 3 tests performed, it can be concluded:
1. Brushless fan speed will change, if the number of magnets and reduced blade
number. At trial number is reduced to 2 blades and the blade in each pair of
magnets.
2. In order to obtain a stable rotation in this system paired 1 larger magnets, and
magnetic poles different point, in order to repel force occurred that resulted in
moving blades.
3. Voltage will be more stable and larger, if paired 2 magnets, causing a greater
repulsive force.
REFERENCES
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[2] Muslimin Marapung Ir., Teknik Tenaga Listrik , ARMICO Bandung 1980.
[3] T.Simanjuntak.Ir., Listrik Magnet, ALUMNI Bandung 1985.
[4] Fishbane,. et.al, Physic for Scientist and Engineer 6th
edition, Pearson 2000.
[5] Halliday, Resnick., Physic, John Wiley and Son’s.
[6] Krauss, John D., Electromagnet , Mc Graw Hill 1980.
[7] Wikipedia Magnet, downloaded 18 July 2013.
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