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Radiation physics 2

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Physics Applied to Radiology Chapter 3 Fundamentals of Physics
Physics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Matter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Energy ,[object Object]
Math ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Significant Figures
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Significant Figures
Accuracy vs. Precision ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rounded Numbers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rounded Number ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rounding Rules ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rounding Example 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rounding Example 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Numerical Relationships ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Numerical Relationships ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Numerical Relationships (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Numerical Relationships (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Graphs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],x-axis y-axis
Graphic Relationships ( on linear graph paper) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Evaluating Graphed Information ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example #1 ,[object Object]
Example #1 (evaluated) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example #2 ,[object Object]
Quantities & Units ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Unit Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Converting Units ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Dimensional Prefixes Bushong, table 2-3 (pg 23) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rules for Using Prefixes ,[object Object],[object Object]
Base Quantities & Units (SI) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Derived Quantities & Units ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Derived Quantities with Named Units ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Solving Problems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mechanics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Measuring Quantities in Mechanics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],run 2 km vs run 2 km east
Vector Addition/Subtraction ,[object Object],[object Object],F 1 F 2 F 1 + F 2 = Net force
Quantities in Mechanics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Speed (cont.) d in m t in s v = m/s same at all times total distance total time General Formula: Variations: instantaneous uniform average v at 1 point in time v = d t distance time
Speed Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Velocity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Acceleration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object], v = v f - v i units v in m/s t in s a = m/s 2 a =  v  t
Acceleration Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Application of v and a in Radiology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Newton's Laws of Motion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Newton's First Law ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Inertia ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Newton's 2nd Law (Force) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mechanical Force ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Vector sum
2nd Law (Force) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Newton N a =  v  t kg m s 2 ,[object Object]
Example Problem for 2nd Law ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example 2: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example 3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Weight ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Weight (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Newton N kg m s 2 units kg x m/s 2
Weight Problem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Weight Problem #2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
3rd Law (Recoil) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A B
Momentum (Linear) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],kg m s
Momentum vs. Mass (Inertia) ,[object Object],[object Object],Direct proportional relationship  m =  p  m =  p
Momentum vs. Velocity ,[object Object],[object Object],Direct proportional relationship 50 km/hr  v =  p 100 km/hr  v =  p
Momentum Problem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Momentum Problem #2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conservation Laws ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conservation of Linear Momentum ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example before collision collision occurs after collision m 1 v 1 = 1 kg m/s mv = 0 mv = 0 m 2 v 2 = 1 kg m/s
Example #2 m 1 v 1 = 5 kg m/s mv = 0 m 2 v 2 = 5 kg m/s before collision collision occurs after collision m 2 = m A + m B v 2 = v A + v B A B A B
Work ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],F d
Work (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],kg m s 2 x m kg m 2 s 2 = Joule J =
Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example #2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Kinetic Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],kg m 2 s 2 = Joule J =
Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Potential Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Gravitational Potential Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],h g m = Joule J kg m 2 s 2
Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rest Mass Energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],kg m 2 s 2 = Joule J =
Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conservation Of Energy (Matter) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Power ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Power (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],kg m 2 s 3 = Watt W = kg m 2 s 2 = s
Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Heat energy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Heat Transfer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
conduction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
convection ,[object Object],[object Object]
radiation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Heat Radiation ,[object Object],[object Object]
Effects of Heat Transfer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Temperature Scales ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Radiation physics 2

  • 1. Physics Applied to Radiology Chapter 3 Fundamentals of Physics
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  • 38. Speed (cont.) d in m t in s v = m/s same at all times total distance total time General Formula: Variations: instantaneous uniform average v at 1 point in time v = d t distance time
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  • 65. Example before collision collision occurs after collision m 1 v 1 = 1 kg m/s mv = 0 mv = 0 m 2 v 2 = 1 kg m/s
  • 66. Example #2 m 1 v 1 = 5 kg m/s mv = 0 m 2 v 2 = 5 kg m/s before collision collision occurs after collision m 2 = m A + m B v 2 = v A + v B A B A B
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