2. Locutionary act:
This term refers to the surface meaning of an
utterance.
Example: my saying to you "Don't go into the water" (a
locutionary act with distinct phonetic, syntactic and
semantic features) counts as warning you not to go
into the water (an illocutionary act), and if you heed
my warning I have thereby succeeded in persuading
you not to go into the water (a perlocutionary act).
3. Illocutionary act:
In uttering the locution "Is there any salt?" at the
dinner table, one may thereby perform the
illocutionary act of requesting salt, as well as the
distinct locutionary act of uttering the interrogatory
sentence about the presence of salt, and the further
perlocutionary act of causing somebody to hand one
the salt.
4. Perlocutionary act:
Consider the utterance "By the way, I have a CD of
Debussy; would you like to borrow it?“
Its illocutionary function is an offer, while its intended
perlocutionary effect might be to impress the listener,
or to show a friendly attitude, or to encourage an
interest in a particular type of music.
Taken from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_act
