Gender issues and gender believe in Pakistan

1. Gender Issues
&
Gender beliefs in
Pakistan
Presented
Arshia kanwal & Hina gul

2. Gender Issues and gender
beliefs in Pakistan
• Pakistan appear to be modern if measured on the basis
of inclination to consumerism(economically) but their
social values have not necessarily transformed.
• The more things change the more they remain same.
• Modern organization in Pakistan has open new job
opportunities for women, this influenced the life style
of urban women and extend their roles beyond the
private sphere but the socio-cultural values remained
the same.
• Working women in modern organizations experience
double edge pressure due to inconsistent organizational
demands and social expectations of gender specific
society of Pakistan.

3. Gender Issues and gender beliefs in Pakistan
• Their job demands are inconsistent with
societal norms of Pakistani society.
• For Example:
• Modern organizations demands their employees
to be more interactive, confident and
empowered but Pakistani socio-cultural value
of female is modesty and family encourages
women to be humble in conversation and
actions
• This conflicting role demands of women
negatively influence their professional as well
as personal life

4. • Collectivism, stratification, and gender segregation are
the three basic elements of Pakistani culture
• Women’s mobility and interaction is associated with the
family’s respect (izzat) and high social status in the
society.
• According to Islamic sharia, and ethical code of Pakistani
society a Muslim women is expected to remain in hijab
or chadar in the presence of men especially who are
unrelated to her.
• Chadar and chardiwari are taken as two appropriate
domains for women in Pakistani culture.
• Women in chardiwari is taken as a sign of
modesty(Haya), family(Ghairat) and tradition(Rivaj).
Gender Issues and Gender beliefs in Pakistan

5. Over to:
Hina Gul

6. • Women’s mobility in organization especially young and
unmarried women whose mobility is strictly regulated and
controlled in Pakistani society.
• Women movements are carefully observed by the people
around them and young women’s travelling(especially
alone)is often taken negatively in Pakistani society.
• Western organization with gender egalitarian work
environment, demands free interaction among all
members(both male and female).
• The inconsistency between the role expectation at
workplace and Islamic principal of female modesty
women continuously strive to maintain balance between
the contrasting socio-cultural and professional identities.
Gender Issues and Gender beliefs in Pakistan

7. • When a women enters the workplace, she faces challenges
of maintaining the balance between contrasting values of
society and expectation of organization. Not only individual
but organization try to maintain balance between local social
values and modern management practices.
• Women create family like relationship with non-kin on the
embedded assumption of Vartan Bhanji in Punjabi culture.
• It mean kin roles are transposed on non-kin persons.
• Fictive kin:In this network of fictive kin the friends become
family members and the distant kin becomes primary kin.
• In order to avoid the role confict women establish familial
(fictive kin) relationship at the workplace.
Gender Issues and Gender beliefs in Pakistan

8. • Women develop familial relation with their male
colleagues such as declaring senior colleagues as father
like brother like uncle or uncle like,colleagues of same
age as brother and junior colleagues as younger
brother and sons.
• It also help them to save their modesty and protect
their honour at workplace .
• Professional women in Pakistan develop obligatory
relation with male collegues at workplace in order to
make men feel more responsible(morally and
socially)to save their honour and dignity at workplace.
• Professional women also introduced their male family
members to their male collegues as it facilitates t
support credibility of fictive relation and consequently
regulate the behavior of male collegues according to
the social moralities.
Gender Issues and Gender beliefs in Pakistan