;)

1. PERSONALITY
 Refers to the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts and interacts with others.
* “Ways” – are the patterns of behavior that are consistent and enduring
Determinants of Personality
A. Hereditary Factors
- It defines the limits by which environment can develop personality characteristics
 Physical stature
 Facial attractiveness
 Gender
 Temperament
 Muscle composition and reflexes
 Energy level
 Biological rhythms
B. Environmental Factors
- Those that exert pressures on the formation of an individual’s personality
i. Cultural Factor
- Refers to the established norms, attitudes, and values that are passed along from one
generation to the next and creates consistency over time.
ii. Social Factor
- Refers to those that reflect family life, religion and the many kinds of formal and
informal groups in which the individual participates throughout his life
iii. Situational Factors
- Indicates that the individual will behave differently in different situations.
Some Factors Affecting Our Personality
I. Emotional Stability
 Characterize apersonas calm, self-confident,secure
 Opposite toemotional instabilitycharacterizedbynervousness,depressionand
insecurity
II. Extraversion
 Describesapersonwhoissociable,gregariousandassertive
 Opposite tointroversion,which describesapersonwhotendstobe reserved,timidand
quiet
III. OpennesstoExperience
 Someone thatisimaginative,cultured,curious,original,broad-minded,intelligentand
artisticallysensitive
 Beingconventionalandfindingcomforttowhatis familiarisoppositetothisfactor

2. IV. Agreeableness
 The persontendsto be cooperative,warmandtrusting
 Opposite tothisisa personwhois cold,disagreeable andantagonistic
V. Conscientiousness
 Those that have highdegree of conscientiousnessare responsible,organized,
dependableandpersistent
 Those withlowdegree are easilydistracted,disorganizedandunreliable
VI. Self-monitoringBehavior
 High-self monitorsare pragmaticandare capable of puttingondifferentfacesfor
differentaudiences
 Low self-monitorsfind ithardtoact or behave asthe situationrequires
IV. RiskTakingand Thrill Seeking
 Risktakersare willingtotake risksandpursue thrills
 Playsafe personare not willingtotake risksandpursue thrills
VII. Optimism
 Optimiststendtoexperiencepositiveemotional statesandtobelieve thatpositive
outcome will be forthcomingfrommostactivities
 Pessimiststendtoexperiencenegative emotional statesandtotypicallybelieve that
negative outcomeswill be forthcomingfrommostactivities