1. PLANT TISSUE CULTURE
MEMBERS :
•KAREN LENGGIAU ANK AUGUSTINE TUJOH (B11A124) SBS2
•NUR AMALINA BINTI SHAHABUDIN (B11A294) SBS2
•NURHAIZAN BINTI KAMARUZZAMAN (B11A323) SBS2
•SITI SUBAILAH BINTI HAJI SUOD (B11A388) SBS2
•WAN SHAHIRAH NERINI BINTI ROSLI (B11A423) SBS2
•MUHSIN BIN ABD RAZAK (B11A251) SBT2
•MOHAMAD IQBAL BIN ALI AKBAR (B11A233) SBS2
•LAM CHIN JACK (B11A143)SBT2
LECTURER : DR FATIMAH KAYAT
GROUP : 7
DATE OF PRESENTATION : 28TH MAY 2013

2. BANANA SUCKERS

3. INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
1)Providing us a basic understanding of
physical and chemical requirements of
cell, tissue, organ culture, their growth
and development.
2)To learn and understand a procedure that
is often used to propagate many plants of
the same genetic background.

4. Banana belongs to Musaceae family, second largest food-fruit
crops of the world produced in the tropical and subtropical
regions.
several constraints including highly season dependent and
sometimes poor quality of planting material of banana become a
limiting factor for banana propogation. Therefore, tissue culture
technology was considered an appropriate option to overcome
this problem.
Application of tissue culture technology to propagate banana
plants gives some advantages
resulting in disease free planting materials, more vigorous
growth, high yields, better quality of fruits, earlier fruiting and
more uniform crop since they are made from selected high
yielding mother plants.

5. The suckers are the major source of planting
material for banana and normally remain true-totype.
-sword suckers
-water suckers

6. MEDIA PREPARATION
MS MEDIA

7. 200 ml of distilled water is added to a 500 ml conical
flask
15g of sugar
25ml of Macronutrients stock
2.5ml of Micronutrients stock
1ml of Vitamin stock
2.5 ml of Plant Regulator Growth stock
(Benzylaminopurine 5mg/L)
4g of agar is added
Distilled water is added to adjusted the volume to 500ml.

8. Natural regeneration of cultivated
bananas through suckers is very slow
due to hormone-mediated apical
dominance of the mother plant. So, as
an alternative, shoot tips from young
banana suckers with growing buds or
cut rhizomes called ‘bits’ and ‘peepers’
are most commonly used as explants
for accelerating the rate of in vitro
propogation of banana.

9. MS MEDIA with 5mg BAP

10. IN-VITRO PROPAGATION
(BANANA SUCKERS)

11. • The suckers of
banana tree is
trimmed by discarding
the outer layers of the
pseudostem and
roots leaving only
shoot tips containing
rhizome tissue
• 70% bleach and
Tween-20 for (15
mins)
spray the surface
of laminar
workflow with
ethanol

12. The half trimmed banana suckers then sterile immediately by put in
bottle contain 70% ethanol and shake it for 20 seconds and then 3
times of sterile distilled water.

13. Trimmed again

15. RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION

16. CONTAMINATED!!
bacteria
fungi (mycelium)

17. WHY TISSUE CULTURE
• Multiplying plant in short time and in large
quantity
• Disease free plants
• Save space for early
plantation/germination thus reduce cost for
land used
• Cultured specific/usefull part of plant

18. PROCESS
•
•
•
•
•
Sucker selection (sword sucker)
Sterilization technique
Growth media (MS media)
Culturing
Sub-culture

19. FACTOR
• Germination
suitable nutrient composition (media)
duration of alcohol use in sterilization
• Contamination
Crowded work station
Media/explant sterilization

20. IMPROVEMENT
•
•
•
•
Container
Sealing/ cap
Media
Working area/ method

21. SUGGESTION
•use shoot tips from young banana suckers
with growing buds or cut rhizomes called ‘bits’
and ‘peepers’ are accelerating the rate of in
vitro propogation of banana.
•Place the banana culture in complete darkness
first for 1 week.
•add antioxidant in media such as ascorbis
acid.

22. Callus Induction of
Rice (Oryza sativa)
Seeds

23. INTRODUCTION

24. Importance of Tissue Culture
in Rice production
 Rice is the most important crop in Malaysia because
it is staple food for Malaysian
 In Malaysia, rice demand is higher than production
rate
 New technology must be developed to increase the
rice production
 Tissue culture technology is one of the way to
produce high quality rice which is can produce much
rice grains, resistant to environmental stress and
shorter development stage ( cut time so that can
harvest quickly)

25. *
Callus can undergo mutation to achieve the
desired traits
*
The following methods are used to induce
mutation in callus :
1.
2.
Physical mutagens (irradiation)
Chemical mutagens (carcinogens)

26. *
The application of somaclonal variation in
rice callus includes:
1.
2.
For crop improvement
3.
4.
To increase yield
Producing plants that resistant to
environmental stress
To increase plant fertility

27. Description : Contaminated
Factor : Technique of handling

28. Description : Contaminated
Factor : Contamination from media

29. Formation of Callus
- Compact callus

30. Callus
 Unorganized, undifferentiated, growing and dividing mass of
cells.
 Form from the wounding part.
 Rapid plant multiplication for quality seed material.
 Performed in the dark as light can encourage differentiation of
the callus
 Important in plant biotechnology.
 Manipulation of the auxin to cytokinin ratio in the medium can
lead to the development of shoots, roots or somatic embryos
from which whole plants can subsequently be produced.

31. Callus Suspension culture
Place friable callus into a liquid medium and agitate
Single or small clumps of cells will be released into the medium,
where they keep growing and dividing to eventually a cell suspension.
The size of inoculum have to be sufficient , suspension can be build up
faster.
Too much cells and there is a risk that toxic products from damaged
cells could accumulate to a inhibiting level.
Cell suspension cultures should also be subcultured periodically.

32. CONCLUSION
It can be concluded dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid 2, 4- D is suitable for callus induction
of rice seed.
The role of 2,4-D in cell division
is to increase the rate of cell division and
this
attributes to the increased amount of
callus.

33. SUGGESTION
REPEATED EXPERIMENTS.
For callus induction MS medium
supplemented with different concentrations
of 2,4-D
DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF RICE.
ASD 16, ADT 43, Basmati 370, Pusa Basmati and
Pokkali

34. THANK YOU