types of communication, the communication process and barriers

1. COMMUNICATION

2. Importance of communication
1. What their organization is.
2. What objectives their organization wants to
achieve
3. What their roles are in achieving the
organization’s objective
4. How they will achieve those objectives
5. Who the individual members of the
organizations are

3. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
1. a communication
source or sender
2. a message
3. a channel
4. a receiver
5. a feedback
6. the environment
 is a person who makes
the attempt to send a
message which could be
spoken, written, in sign
language, or nonverbal
to another person or a
group of persons

4. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
1. a communication
source or sender
2. a message
3. a channel
4. a receiver
5. a feedback
6. the environment
 is a purpose or an idea
to be convey in a
communication event

5. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
1. a communication
source or sender
2. a message
3. a channel
4. a receiver
5. a feedback
6. the environment
1. Clarity of the message
2. Alertness of the
receiver
3. Complexity and length
of the message
4. How the information is
organize

6. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
1. a communication
source or sender
2. a message
3. a channel
4. a receiver
5. a feedback
6. the environment
2 components
• The thought or
conceptual component
of the message
• The feelings or
emotional components
of the message

7. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
1. a communication
source or sender
2. a message
3. a channel
4. a receiver
5. a feedback
6. the environment
 is the medium thought
which the message
travels.

8. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
1. a communication
source or sender
2. a message
3. a channel
4. a receiver
5. a feedback
6. the environment
VARIOUS TYPES
1. Face-face
2. Telephone and
cellphone
3. E-mail
4. Written memos and
letters
5. Posted notices
6. Bulletins

9. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
1. a communication
source or sender
2. a message
3. a channel
4. a receiver
5. a feedback
6. the environment
MAY BE CLASSIFIED AS:
1. Formal
2. Informal

10. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
1. a communication
source or sender
2. a message
3. a channel
4. a receiver
5. a feedback
6. the environment
 person receiving the
message

11. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
1. a communication
source or sender
2. a message
3. a channel
4. a receiver
5. a feedback
6. the environment
 refers to the process o
communicating how
one feels about
something another
person has done or said

12. THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
1. a communication
source or sender
2. a message
3. a channel
4. a receiver
5. a feedback
6. the environment
 refers to circumstances
in which messages are
transmitted and
received

13. Basic METHODS of INTERPERSONAL
COMMUNICATION
1. VERBAL
2. WRITTEN
3. NONVERBAL
COMMUNICATION
 Is the major means of
sending the message.
 It includes one-on one
meetings, speeches,
grapevine, telephone,
departmental or
interdepartmental
meetings, meetings,
presentation, and the
like.

14. Verbal communication is
appropriate method if the sender:
1. Wants to appear informal;
2. Wants to invite suggestions and ideas which are more
likely to spark off discussion;
3. Is explaining something complex and people might
need to ask for clarification as he goes along;
4. Has important news to impact, such as retrenchment;
5. Needs to be very diplomatic and feels he will be more
effective face-to-face than in writing; and
6. Has something highly confidential to say and putting
it in writing is risky.

15. Verbal communication is NOT
appropriate when the sender:
1. Wants to maintain formality or distance from
the other person or a group of people;
2. Wants a permanent record of what has been
said;
3. Needs receiver’s comments to be writing for
legal reasons; and
4. Wants to avoid further discussion of the
subject by signaling that the matter is closed.

16. Basic METHODS of INTERPERSONAL
COMMUNICATION
1. VERBAL
2. WRITTEN
3. NONVERBAL
COMMUNICATION
 includes memos,
noticed-boards, and
letter to staff, emails,
faxes, internal
newspapers, and
instant messaging.

17. The ADVANTAGE of written
communication are the following:
1. It is formal and authoritative;
2. It provides a permanent record of what have been
said;
3. A provides a document useful for legal purposes;
4. A number of people will receive exactly the same
information;
5. It is useful in communicating something complicated;
6. It is sometimes quicker;
7. A avoids a lengthy discussion; and
8. Words can be chosen carefully.

18. Written communication is not
appropriate when:
1. The receiver needs to ask question or seek
clarification;
2. More discussion is needed before facts are
established;
3. A friendly and informal atmosphere is needed;
4. The message is very important;
5. The message is confidential; and
6. The information may be upsetting to the
receiver.

19. Basic METHODS of INTERPERSONAL
COMMUNICATION
1. VERBAL
2. WRITTEN
3. NONVERBAL
COMMUNICATION
 communication that
takes place through
facial expressions, body
movements, eye
contact, and other
physical gesture.

20. COMMONLY ACCEPTED
INTERPRETATIONS OF VARIOUS FORMS
OF BODY LANGUAGE
BODY LANGUAGE
FACIAL EXPRESSIONS
frown………………………………………… displeasure, unhappiness
smile…………………………………………. friendliness, happiness
raised elbows…………………………….. disbelief, amazement
narrowed eyes, pursed lips………… anger
EYE CONTACT
glancing……………………………………….. interest
steady………………………………………….. active listening, interest,
seduction
GESTURE
pointing finger……………………………….. authority, displeasure, lecturing
folded arms……………………………………. not open to change, preparing to speak
INTERPRETATION

21. BODY LANGUAGE
folded arms……………………………………...not open to change,
preparing to speak
arms at side………………………………………open to suggestion,
relax
hands uplifted outward…………………….disbelief, puzzlement,
uncertainty
BODY POSTURES
fidgeting……………………………………………boredom
hands on hips……………………………………anger, defensiveness
shrugging shoulders………………………….indifference
squared stance of shoulders……………..problem solving,
concerned, listening
biting lips, shifting,
jingling money………………………………….nervousness
INTERPRETATION

22. Functions of COMMUNICATION
1. Information Function
 Communication provides information needed in decision
making.
2. Motivation Function
 Communication is a means to encourage commitment to
organizational objectives
3. Control Function
 Communication clarifies duties, authority, and
responsiveness, thereby permitting control.
4. Emotive function
 Communications permits the expressions of feelings and
the satisfaction of social needs.

23. BASIC GOALS of EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
• To gain goodwill
• To inquire
• To inform
• To persuade

24. BARRIERS to COMMUNICATION
1. Filtering
2. Selective perception
3. Information overload
4. Emotions
5. Language
6. Communication apprehension
7. Absence of Feedback
8. Physical separation
9. Lack of credibility of the sender

25. BARRIERS to COMMUNICATION
1. Filtering
2. Selective perception
3. Information overload
4. Emotions
5. Language
6. Communication
apprehension
7. Absence of Feedback
8. Physical separation
9. Lack of credibility of the
sender
 refers to the
manipulation of
information so that is will
be seen more favorably
by the receiver.

26. BARRIERS to COMMUNICATION
1. Filtering
2. Selective perception
3. Information overload
4. Emotions
5. Language
6. Communication
apprehension
7. Absence of Feedback
8. Physical separation
9. Lack of credibility of the
sender
 receivers selectively see
and hear messages based
on their needs,
motivations, experience,
background, and other
personal characteristics.

27. BARRIERS to COMMUNICATION
1. Filtering
2. Selective perception
3. Information overload
4. Emotions
5. Language
6. Communication
apprehension
7. Absence of Feedback
8. Physical separation
9. Lack of credibility of the
sender
 Refers to the condition in
which information inflow
exceeds an individual’s
processing capacity

28. BARRIERS to COMMUNICATION
1. Filtering
2. Selective perception
3. Information overload
4. Emotions
5. Language
6. Communication
apprehension
7. Absence of Feedback
8. Physical separation
9. Lack of credibility of the
sender
 The receiver’s feelings
effect his ability to
understand any message
sent to him.

29. BARRIERS to COMMUNICATION
1. Filtering
2. Selective perception
3. Information overload
4. Emotions
5. Language
6. Communication
apprehension
7. Absence of Feedback
8. Physical separation
9. Lack of credibility of the
sender
 Words do not always
mean the same things to
different people

30. BARRIERS to COMMUNICATION
1. Filtering
2. Selective perception
3. Information overload
4. Emotions
5. Language
6. Communication
apprehension
7. Absence of Feedback
8. Physical separation
9. Lack of credibility of the
sender
 Refers to the undue
tension and anxiety about
oral communication,
written communication,
or both.

31. BARRIERS to COMMUNICATION
1. Filtering
2. Selective perception
3. Information overload
4. Emotions
5. Language
6. Communication
apprehension
7. Absence of Feedback
8. Physical separation
9. Lack of credibility of the
sender
 does not provide the
sender the opportunity to
correct misimpressions
about the message sent.

32. BARRIERS to COMMUNICATION
1. Filtering
2. Selective perception
3. Information overload
4. Emotions
5. Language
6. Communication
apprehension
7. Absence of Feedback
8. Physical separation
9. Lack of credibility of the
sender
 Refers to interferences to
effective communication
occurring in the
environment where the
communication is
undertaken.

33. BARRIERS to COMMUNICATION
1. Filtering
2. Selective perception
3. Information overload
4. Emotions
5. Language
6. Communication
apprehension
7. Absence of Feedback
8. Physical separation
9. Lack of credibility of the
sender
 This type of barrier that
should be overcome by
leaders of organization.