19. Mr. Bean broke the window.
Subject/Agent/Doer Verb Object/Receiver
20. 1. Once a week, Tom cleans the house.
2.The car was repaired by Sam.
3. Right now, Sarah is writing the letter.
21. X
X
X
1. Once a week, Tom cleans the house.
2. The car was repaired by Sam.
3. Right now, Sarah is writing the letter.
A P
A P
A P
22. 1.Once a week, Tom cleans the house.
Active Passive
2. The car was repaired by Sam.
Active Passive
3. Right now, Sarah is writing the letter.
Active Passive
X
X
X
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33. The object of the active verb becomes
the subject in the new sentence.
34. The window was broken by (Mr. Beans)
Subject/Object/Receiver Doer/Agent
35.
36.
37.
38.
39. Subject Verb Object (Agent)
Active Picasso painted that
picture.
Passive That
picture
Was
painted
By
Picasso.
•The active verb changes into a passive form
and the subject of the active verb becomes the
agent.
•The agent is introduced with by or it is
omitted.
40. But when do we put the agent
(the person who does the
action) using by or with in the
passive form ??
41. We use by+ agent to say who or what carries
the action.
We use with + instrument/material/ingredient
to say what the agent used.
We put the agent (=the person who does the
action) into the passive sentence only if it
adds information.
42. Example:
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.
Do we omit the agent in the passive form?
No
Why?
Because it adds information
What does it become?
The telephone was invented by Alexander
Graham Bell.
44. If the agent is unknown.
If the agent is unimportant.
If the agent is obvious.
Agents such as people (in general),
they, somebody, etc. are omitted.
45. Somebody pushed him.
He was pushed by somebody. (unknown agent
is omitted)
The police arrested him.
He was arrested by the police. (obvious agent
is omitted)
46.
47. After modal verbs (will, can, must, have to,
should, may, ought to) we use :
+
48. You can use the machine for cutting bread.
The machine for cutting bread.
Modal verb Be + Past Participle
49. The Passive is used:
When the agent (=the person who does
the action) is unknown, unimportant, or
obvious from the context.
Ex: My car is stolen. (we don’t know who
stole it.)
To make more polite or formal
statements.
The car hasn’t been cleaned. (more polite)
(You haven’t cleaned the car - less polite)
50. When the action is more important than the
agent, as in processes, instructions, events,
reports, headlines, new items, and
advertisements.
30 people were killed in the earthquake.
To put emphasis on the agent.
The new library will be opened by the Queen.
51. Active Voice Passive Voice
Present Simple He delivers letters. Letters are delivered.
Past Simple He delivered the
letters.
The letters were
delivered.
Present Perfect He has delivered the
letters.
The letters have been
delivered.
Past Perfect He had delivered the
letters.
The letters had been
delivered.
Present Continuous He is delivering the
letters.
The letters are being
delivered.
Past Continuous He was delivering the
letters.
The letters were
being delivered.
Future Simple He will deliver the
letters.
The letters will be
delivered.
Infinitive He has to deliver the
letters.
The letters have to
be delivered.
Modal + be + Past
Participle
He must deliver the
letters.
The letters must be
delivered.
53. 1. John cleaned the bathroom.
2. The teacher closes the window.
3. The mechanic repairs cars.
54. 1. John cleaned the bathroom.
The bathroom was cleaned.
2. The teacher closes the window.
The window is closed.
3. The mechanic repairs cars.
Cars are repaired.
55. 1. The bag was packed by his mother.
2. The computer is used by Patrick.
3. Coffee is sold by Marie.
56. 1. The bag was packed by his mother.
His mother packed the bag.
2. The computer is used by Patrick.
Patrick uses the computer.
3. Coffee is sold by Marie.
Marie sells coffee.
57. Active or passive. Choose the correct tense.
1. They often _________music. ( listen to )
2. She ___________an e-mail at the moment. ( read )
3. These cars ______________in Japan. ( produce )
4. Alan _________Geography. ( teach )
5. German ____________in Austria. ( speak )
6. Lots of houses __________________by the earthquake last month. ( destroy )
7. Henry Ford _______________he assembly line in 1976. ( invent )
8. The bus driver ______________before week. ( hurt )
9. You ______________your workbooks now. ( open )
10. Houses _____________few months ago. ( build )
11. Boys __________ soccer every weekend. ( play )
listen to
is reading
are produced
teaches
is spoken
were destroyed
was invented
was hurt
are opening
were built
play
Show
Answer
Show
Answer
Show Answer
Show
Answer
Show
Answer
Show Answer
Show Answer
Show
Answer
Show Answer
Show
Answer
Show
Answer
58. 1.They often listen to music. ( listen to )
2. She is reading an e-mail at the moment. ( read )
3. These cars are produced in Japan. ( produce )
4. Alan teaches Geography. ( teach )
5. German is spoken in Austria. ( speak )
6. Lots of houses were destroyed by the earthquake last
month. ( destroy )
7. Henry Ford was invented the assembly line in
1976. ( invent )
8. The bus driver was hurt before week. ( hurt )
9. You are opening your workbooks now. ( open )
10. Houses were built few months ago. ( build )
11 . Boys play soccer every weekend. ( play)
59. 12. This room _______________blue now. ( paint )
13. Cricket ___________in Australia every summer. ( play )
14. I _____________a prize by president right now. ( give )
15. We ______ our homework last Sunday. ( do )
16. You _______ dolphins here before two weeks. ( see )
17. The report ________________last Friday at 5
o’clock. (complete)
18. They _____________ a song yesterday at 5.00. ( sing )
19. A letter _____________ to her a month ago. ( write )
20. The bike ________________ at the moment. ( repair )
is being painted
is played
am being given
did
saw
was being completed
were singing
was written
is being repaired
Show Answer
Show
Answer
Show Answer
Show
Answer
Show
Answer
Show Answer
Show Answer
Show Answer
Show Answer
Continued…
60. 12. This room is being painted blue now. ( paint )
13. Cricket is played in Australia every summer. ( play )
14. I am being given a prize by president right now. ( give )
15. We did our homework last Sunday. ( do )
16. You saw dolphins here before two weeks. ( see )
17. The report was being completed last Friday at 5
o’clock. (complete)
18. They were singing a song yesterday at 5.00. ( sing )
19. A letter was written to her a month ago. ( write )
20. The bike is being repaired at the moment. ( repair )
63. When we want to find out who or what did
something, the passive question form is as
follows:
…
64. Example:
Who was the TV invented by?
What was the fire caused by?
Write the question:
Captain Cook discovered Australia.
Continued…
65. It could also be formed without by:
We keep money in a safe.
Where is the money kept?
66.
67. Using the passive, ask questions to which
the bold type words are the answers.
1. The boys damaged the T.V.
2. A bee stung him.
3. They speak English in New Zealand.
4. They have taken his aunt to the hospital.
68. 1. The boys damaged the T.V.
Who was the TV damaged by?
2.A bee stung him.
What was he stung by?
3.They speak English in New Zealand.
What language is spoken in New Zealand?
4.They have taken his aunt to the hospital.
Who was taken to the hospital?
69.
70. With verbs taking two objects, it is more
usual to begin the passive sentence with
the person.
I sent her some roses.
She was sent some roses.(more usual)
Some roses were sent to her.(less usual)
72. 1. He gave me a present.
More usual:
Less usual:
2.The waiter will bring us the bill.
More usual:
Less usual:
3.The Queen presented him with a medal.
More usual:
Less usual:
I was given a present.
A present was given to me.
We will be brought the bill.
The bill will be brought to us.
He was presented with a medal by the Queen.
A medal was presented to him by the Queen.
Show Answer
Show Answer
Show Answer
Show Answer
Show Answer
Show Answer
73. 1. He gave me a present.
More usual: I was given a present.
Less usual: A present was given to me.
2.The waiter will bring us the bill.
More usual: We will be brought the bill.
Less usual: The bill will be brought to us.
3.The Queen presented him with a medal.
More usual: He was presented with a medal
by the Queen.
Less usual: A medal was presented to him
by the Queen.
74. Now, in pairs, write two sentences in the active
voice and write their passive forms. Then,
write their passive question form.
