1. Matthew Arnold Considered by many to be one of the most modern of Victorian writers Felt that the industrial age in which he lived isolated individuals from each other
2. Was the voice for a generation of lost souls Pessimistic outlook toward life: “There is everything to be endured, nothing to be done” On his thirtieth birthday he commented that he felt “three parts iced over” He felt he was “wandering between two worlds, one dead/ the other powerless to be born.” Matthew Arnold
3. Felt that poetry must bring joy When he realized he no longer was achieving joy with his poetry, he turned to literary criticism Matthew Arnold