Cyber Physical System: Architecture, Applicationsand Research Challenges
1. S Y E D H A S S A N A H M E D , G W A N G H Y U N K I M A N D
D O N G K Y U N K I M .
h a s s a n @ m o n e t . k n u . a c . k r
M O N E T W I R E L E S S L A B O R A T O R Y
K Y U N G P O O K N A T I O N A L U N I V E R S I T Y
S O U T H K O R E A .
Cyber Physical System:
Architecture, Applications
and Research Challenges
2. Contents
Key Trends in Systems.
CPS Applications.
Proposed Architecture.
Dynamic Communications.
CPS Integration.
Open Research Challenges.
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Source: www.cs.binghamton.edu
3. Key Trends in Systems
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System complexity
Increasing functionality
Increasing integration and networking interoperability
Growing importance and reliance on software
Increasing number of non-functional constraints
Nature of tomorrow’s systems
Dynamic, ever-changing, dependable, high-confidence
Self-*(aware, adapting, repairing, sustaining)
Cyber-Physical Systems
Everywhere, used by everyone, for everything
Expectations: 24/7 availability, 100% reliability, 100% connectivity,
instantaneous response, remember everything forever, ...
Classes: young to old, able and disabled, rich and poor, literate and
illiterate, ...
Numbers: individuals, special groups, social networks, cultures,
populations, ...
4. CPS Applications
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Healthcare
Medical devices
Health management networks
Transportation
Automotive electronics
Vehicular networks and smart highways
Aviation and airspace management
Avionics
Railroad systems
Process control
Large-scale Infrastructure
Physical infrastructure monitoring and control
Electricity generation and distribution
Building and environmental controls
Defense systems
Tele-physical operations
Telemedicine
Tele-manipulation
5. Architecture Contents
Sensing Module:
Data collection from physical world through sensors.
Data Management Module(DMM):
Consists of the computational devices and storage media.
Next Generation Internet:
Enabling applications to select the path, or paths that their packets take
between the source and destination.
Service Aware Modules (SAM):
Sensed data is being recognized and sent to the services available.
Application Module (AM):
Services are deployed and interact with NGI.
Info is saved on database for QoS support. [NoSQL]
Sensors and Actuators:
Actuator receives the commands from the Application Module, and
executes.
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6. Security Assurance
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How can we provide people and society
with cyber-physical systems that they
can trust their lives on?
Trustworthy:
Reliable, Secure, Privacy-
preserving, Usable, etc.
7. Security for CPS
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Safety, Security and Privacy
Primary aim of all CPS design
Ensure no harm comes to the underlying physical process
Ensuring security/privacy crucial for safety
CPS are deployed in missions critical settings
Collect sensitive data and can actuate changes in the physical
process
Composing individually secure systems into a composed system
might not be good enough
Computation and Energy limitations .
Utilizing properties from underlying physical process might be
a way to proceed
9. Dynamic Communications
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NGI
DMM Service Aware Module
Application Module
S1
S1
S1
S1A1 S1A1
AM
S1A1
SAM
S1
S1A1
1st Time, S1
Similar Data
Physical
Devices
Actuators.
IoT
WSN
Wired
M2M
10. CPS Integration
Vehicular Scenario:
Service aware modules make communication and control efficient by
providing the best application in different services to a single car.
Agriculture Scenario:
Greenhouse: After receiving a configuration of greenhouse by
consumer, here our feedback awareness makes network efficient to
control different services like watering, humidity, plant health
monitoring etc. with real time control.
Health Scenario:
Hospital: Real time monitoring and control can be achieved by Data
Management Module and Service awareness module which also
plays an important role in order to provide QoS monitoring. While
designing a system for hospital, sensitive applications are queued on
the top priority.
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11. Open Challenges & Future Work…
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QoS-Aware Communication Protocols:
Identification of application requirement of each type of traffic.
Efficiency.
Resource Management:
Huge amount of dynamic data.
Auto Management Techniques are required.
QoS-Aware Power Management:
In CPS, dynamic computing demands much CPU energy. Minimization can be
proposed by exploiting dynamic voltage technology.
Simulation Tools:
Simulation models dealing with dynamic communications.
Future Work:
Implementing Proposed Architecture in Simulated/Test-bed Environments.
Smart/Unifying Routing Schemes are required for Real Time sensing/actuating
devices.