1. PAPER
BATTERY
Presented by
Shruti Dahiwal
Preeti Kothale

3. • Flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and production
device.
• Formed by combining carbon nanotubes with a
conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper.
• A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery
and super capacitor.
• This combination allows the battery to provide both
long-term, steady power production and bursts of
energy .

4. • Can be folded, cut or otherwise shaped for different
applications without any loss of efficiency.
• Can be stacked in multiples of power output.
• 2.5 volts of electricity from a sample the size of a
postage stamp.

6. • Combining cellulose with an infusion of aligned
carbon nanotube’s that are each approximately
one millionth of a centimeter thick
• These tiny filaments act like the electrodes
found in a traditional battery, conducting
electricity when the paper comes into contact
with an ionic liquid solution.
• With no water in solution, cannot freeze and
hence operating temp -75 to 150 Degree Celsius

7. • Carbon nanotubes (CNTs; also known
as buck tubes) are allotropes of carbon with
a cylindrical nanostructure.
• They exhibit extraordinary strength and
unique electrical properties, and are
efficient thermal conductors.
• Nanotubes are members of
the fullerene structural family, the diameter of
a nanotube is on the order of a few
nanometers

8. • Because of the symmetry and unique
electronic structure of graphene, the structure
of a nanotube strongly affects its electrical
properties. For a given (n,m) nanotube,
if n = m, the nanotube is metallic; if n − m is a
multiple of 3, then the nanotube is
semiconducting with a very small band gap,
otherwise the nanotube is a
moderate semiconductor.

10.  Growing the nanotube’s on a silicon substrate and then
filling the gaps in the matrix with cellulose.
 Once the matrix has dried, the material can be peeled
off of the substrate, exposing one end of the carbon
nanotube’s to act as an electrode .
 When two sheets are combined, with the cellulose
sides facing inwards, a super capacitor is formed that
can be activated by the addition of the ionic liquid.
 This liquid acts as an electrolyte and may include salt-
laden solutions like human blood, sweat or urine.

11. • While a conventional battery contains a number of
separate components, the paper battery integrates all
of the battery components in a single structure,
making it more energy efficient.
• INTEGRATED DEVICES – No warm up time, power
loss, component malfunction; Loss of energy while
transferring power from one component to another,
less energy lost in an integrated device
Refer: http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=5210.php

12.  Batteries produce electrons through a chemical
reaction between electrolyte and metal in the
traditional battery.
 Chemical reaction in the paper battery is between
electrolyte and carbon nanotubes.
 Electrons collect on the negative terminal of the
battery and flow along a connected wire to the
positive terminal
 Electrons must flow from the negative to the
positive terminal for the chemical reaction to continue.

14.  The sheets can be rolled, twisted, folded, or cut into
numerous shapes with no loss of integrity or
efficiency, or stacked like printer paper to boost total
output.
 The components are molecularly attached to each
other: the carbon nanotube print is embedded in the
paper, and the electrolyte is soaked into the paper.
 The medical uses are particularly attractive because
they do not contain any toxic materials and can be
biodegradable.

15. 5 : APPLICATIONS…
• The paper-like quality of the battery
combined with the structure of the
nanotubes embedded within - light weight
and low cost.
 Cosmetic path: paper battery is set in
iontophoresis patch for whitening and
wrinkles.
• Medical path: paper battery is set in
iontophoresis patch. It helps to deliver
functional drug i.e., local anaesthesia,
antichloristic , anodyne, etc.. Into skin.

16. • RFID tag: paper battery is useful to use as a
power source of active RFID tag.
• Functional card: paper battery is possible to
use as a power source of melody and display
card.
• Micro processor; paper battery supply power to
micro processor.
• Ability to use electrolytes in blood make them
potentially useful for medical devices such as
pacemakers .
Refer : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckminster_Fuller