Implantable drug delivery systems are designed to be placed under the skin and release drugs into the blood circulation without repetitive insertion of needles. Therefore, IDDS is defined as “a sterile drug delivery device for subcutaneous implantation having the ability to deliver drugs at a controlled rate over a prolonged time period, comprising a rod -shaped polymeric inner matrix with an elongated body and two ends”.

1. Implantable Drug Delivery
System
PAWAN TIKTE

2. Introduction
 Lafarge introduced the implantable system concept for
sustained release drug administration in 1861.
 It was first introduced to produce steroid hormones -
containing solid implants for long-term delivery.
 Implants are very small pellets composed of drug
without excipients.

3. Definition.....
 Implants are small sterile solid masses consisting of a
highly purified drug made by compression or moulding.
 Implants are DDS which provides CDDS over period of
time at site of implantation.
 Implants are intended for implantation in the body’s
subcutaneous or intramuscular tissue by a minor surgical
incision or injected through a large bore needle.

4. Ideal Properties of an - IDDS
 Environmentally stable.
 Bio compatible.
 Easy to manufacture and sterilize.
 Enable rate controlled drug release.
 Relatively inexpensive.
 A good mechanical strength.
 Free from surgical procedure.

5. Advantages
 Controlled drug delivery for a longer period.
 Decrease frequency of dose.
 Avoid first pass metabolism.
 Minimize drug side effects.
 Improve drug stability and bioavailability.

6. Disadvantages
 Small surgery needed for large implantation and painful .
 Therapy cannot be discontinued easily.
 Bio compatabillity issue.
 Reaction between host and implants.
 Implants infection, inflammatory reactions.
 Device failure and implants dislocation.

8.  The osmotic pumps can be implanted
subcutaneously or intraperitoneally depending on
the size of animal.
 For targeted drug delivery system , a catheter can
be attached to the osmotic pump to gain access to
the tissues of interest.
 Subcutaneous implantation is technically the easiest
and least intrusive procedure.
Concepts of implants & osmotic pumps

9.  The implantable osmotic pump employ
osmotic gradient inside the lumen called the
salt sleeve and the tissue condition in which
the pump is implanted.
 A high osmalarity of the salt sleeve make
water flow into the pump through a
semipermeable film which encases the
external surfaces of the pump
Principle

10. Alzet osmotic pump

11.  In cross section, the implantable osmotic release
pump are composed of ..
1. A drug core (reserviour)
2. The diffusion agent
3. The tissue layer ( rate controller)
4. A flow moderator is inserted into the body of the
diffusion pump.
Apparatus and equipment

12. Main components of or implantable osmotic release pump
include :
 drug compound ( water soluble / insoluble)
 Osmogens or osmotic agents ( ionic compound / inorganic salt
 A stable semipermeable membrane.
 Plasticizers.
 Flux regulators.
 Pore forming agent
 Coating solvents.
 Ex : alzet osmotic pump