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1. WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS FOR MONITORING
PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNALS OF MULTIPLE PATIENTS
This paper presents the design of a novel wireless sensor network structure to monitor
patients with chronic diseases in their own homes through a remote monitoring system of
physiological signals. Currently, most of the monitoring systems send patients’ data to a hospital
with the aid of personal computers (PC) located in the patients’ home. The proposed remote
monitoring system is a wireless sensor network with the nodes of the network installed in the
patients’ homes. These nodes are then connected to a central node located at a hospital through
an Internet connection. The nodes of the proposed wireless sensor network are created by using a
combination of ECG sensors, microcontrollers and a zigbee low-power wireless radio. ECG
signals are first sampled by a small portable device which each patient carries. The captured
signals are then wirelessly transmitted to Pc located within the patients’ home. This connectivity
is based on wireless data transmission at 2.4-GHz frequency. Afterwards, the data are sent to the
hospital via the Internet in real time for analysis and/or storage. The benefits of this remote
monitoring are wide ranging: the patients can continue their normal lives, their risk of infection
is reduced, costs significantly decrease for the hospital, and clinicians can check data in a short
time.
Existing system:
In the existing system, even though we are using ECG sensor we require manpower for
observing the graphical representation of heart condition and abnormality indication whenever
the abnormality condition is detected. Due to this we require the individual person for every
patient. This is the disadvantage of existing system. Hence we propose new system.

2. Proposed system:
Each module of patient home consists of ECG sensors, microcontroller and wireless
module. the ECG values are sensed by ECG sensor of each patient and fed to PIC
microcontroller , the PIC microcontroller converts the analog sensor signal to digital form of
signal. The digital ECG values are transmitted to PC through Zigbee wireless protocol. In PC
receives ECG value and upload to internet using .net application. In the hospital, signals are
received and monitored via internet.
We consider the monitoring system which has two main sections in the system. The first section
is patient using ECG sensor to monitoring the signals continuously are detected, digitized, and to
be transmitted to PC via a wireless channel. One more patient using ECG sensor to transmit the
data to updated home in PC. In PC data’s are merged all of them together and sends them via
Internet to the hospital, which is the next part of the system. In the hospital section, signals are
received and monitored in internet. The patient home is connected to the hospital through the
Internet.
Block Diagram:
Patient 1:
Transmitter Section:

3. Power Supply
UART
ECG Sensor
PIC
MCU
LCD
Patient 2:
Transmitter Section:
Power Supply
UART
ECG Sensor
PIC
MCU
LCD

4. Receiver Section:
Power Supply
UART
PIC
MCU
Hardware Requirements:
 PIC16F877A Microcontroller.
 ECG Sensor
 Zigbee module.
 LCD
 MAX 232.
 PC
Software Requirements:
 Embedded C
 CCS or MPLAB Compiler
 VB .NET
MAX 232