SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  12
4.3 TRANSISTOR
A transistor in terms of its terminal  ,[object Object]
• The emitter emits or sends charge carriers through the thin base layer to be collected by the collector.  • There is two-type of transistor: npn transistor and pnp transistor.  • In an npn transistor the emitter sends negative electrons to the collector.  • In an pnp transistor, the p-type emitter sends positive holes to the collector.
In both cases, the arrow on the emitter shows the direction of current flow. The output current, of a transistor flows between the emitter and the collector. ,[object Object]
The base current, Ib is used to control the collector current through the transistor. The base current can be used to switch the collector current on or off.,[object Object]
Transistor as a current amplifier  A small change in the base current, results in a big change in the collector current, ΔIc >>>>ΔIb
Transistor as an automatic switch 	 If there is no current flow in the base circuit, then there is also no current flow in the collector circuit.  IB = 0 then IC = 0 								transistor is switch off  IB flows then IC flows 							transistor is switch on
How a transistor can be used as an automatic switch 	 If the variable resistor in the transistor is replaced by a device such as light dependent resistor (LDR), a thermistor or a microphone, the transistor can be used as an automatic switch controlled by light, heat or sound.
How a transistor can be used as an automatic switch 	 Potential divider circuit  • Choose a suitable resistor R1 and a variable resistor R2. The  voltage at base terminal can be adjusted to switch the transistor on or off.  • If the variable resistor = 0, base voltage = 0 and the transistor remains off.  • If the variable resistor is increased, the base voltage increases.  • When the base voltage reaches certain minimum value, the base current switches the transistor on.  • The large collector current flows through the transistor causing the bulb to light up.
A light controlled switch
A light controlled switch  1. The LDR has a very high resistance in darkness and a low resistance in light. R is a fixed resistor.  2. The LDR and R form a potential divider in the circuit
Draw a circuit diagram 	 Circuit switches on the light at daytime and switches off the bulb at night automatically 	 Circuit switches on the bulb at night and switches off the bulb at day time automatically

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Transistors
Transistors Transistors
Transistors
thamil05
 

Tendances (20)

BASIC ELECTRONICS!!
BASIC ELECTRONICS!!BASIC ELECTRONICS!!
BASIC ELECTRONICS!!
 
TRANSISTORS
 TRANSISTORS TRANSISTORS
TRANSISTORS
 
Transistor
TransistorTransistor
Transistor
 
Transistors
Transistors Transistors
Transistors
 
Presentation of transistor
Presentation of transistorPresentation of transistor
Presentation of transistor
 
Transistors s07
Transistors s07Transistors s07
Transistors s07
 
Transistors
TransistorsTransistors
Transistors
 
Difference between npn and pnp transistor.pptx
Difference between npn and pnp transistor.pptxDifference between npn and pnp transistor.pptx
Difference between npn and pnp transistor.pptx
 
Basic Electronics BJT
Basic Electronics BJTBasic Electronics BJT
Basic Electronics BJT
 
Active and passive
Active and passiveActive and passive
Active and passive
 
Transistor
TransistorTransistor
Transistor
 
Introduction to electronics - Third session
Introduction to electronics - Third sessionIntroduction to electronics - Third session
Introduction to electronics - Third session
 
Transistors
TransistorsTransistors
Transistors
 
Transistor and it's working principle
Transistor and it's working principleTransistor and it's working principle
Transistor and it's working principle
 
Transistor s06
Transistor s06Transistor s06
Transistor s06
 
Transistor as an amplifier
Transistor as an amplifierTransistor as an amplifier
Transistor as an amplifier
 
9. transistors.rr
9. transistors.rr9. transistors.rr
9. transistors.rr
 
Different types of transistors and their functions
Different types of transistors and their functionsDifferent types of transistors and their functions
Different types of transistors and their functions
 
Diode and transistor
Diode and transistorDiode and transistor
Diode and transistor
 
Electronic components
Electronic componentsElectronic components
Electronic components
 

Similaire à 4.3 transistor

BASIC ELECTRONICSBasic electronics a by abdul rahaman
BASIC ELECTRONICSBasic electronics a by abdul rahamanBASIC ELECTRONICSBasic electronics a by abdul rahaman
BASIC ELECTRONICSBasic electronics a by abdul rahaman
Abdul45678
 
Robotics workshop PPT
Robotics  workshop PPTRobotics  workshop PPT
Robotics workshop PPT
avikdhupar
 

Similaire à 4.3 transistor (20)

4.3 transistor
4.3 transistor4.3 transistor
4.3 transistor
 
Module II- Part 01.pptx
Module II- Part 01.pptxModule II- Part 01.pptx
Module II- Part 01.pptx
 
PHY-Presentation.pptx
PHY-Presentation.pptxPHY-Presentation.pptx
PHY-Presentation.pptx
 
Transistors
TransistorsTransistors
Transistors
 
Basics of elec.
Basics of elec.Basics of elec.
Basics of elec.
 
Basics of elec.
Basics of elec.Basics of elec.
Basics of elec.
 
What is a Power Transistor.pptx
What is a Power Transistor.pptxWhat is a Power Transistor.pptx
What is a Power Transistor.pptx
 
Basic electronics,lecture 4
Basic electronics,lecture 4Basic electronics,lecture 4
Basic electronics,lecture 4
 
Basics of elec.
Basics of elec.Basics of elec.
Basics of elec.
 
Basics of electronics
Basics of electronicsBasics of electronics
Basics of electronics
 
Basic_electronics (2).pptx
Basic_electronics (2).pptxBasic_electronics (2).pptx
Basic_electronics (2).pptx
 
BASIC ELECTRONICSBasic electronics a by abdul rahaman
BASIC ELECTRONICSBasic electronics a by abdul rahamanBASIC ELECTRONICSBasic electronics a by abdul rahaman
BASIC ELECTRONICSBasic electronics a by abdul rahaman
 
Robotics workshop PPT
Robotics  workshop PPTRobotics  workshop PPT
Robotics workshop PPT
 
Physics investigatory projec tdocx
Physics investigatory projec tdocxPhysics investigatory projec tdocx
Physics investigatory projec tdocx
 
Power supply
Power supplyPower supply
Power supply
 
Basic electronics, lecture 5
Basic electronics, lecture 5Basic electronics, lecture 5
Basic electronics, lecture 5
 
Ch2.ppt
Ch2.pptCh2.ppt
Ch2.ppt
 
Thyristors.pptx
Thyristors.pptxThyristors.pptx
Thyristors.pptx
 
TRANSISTOR.pptx
TRANSISTOR.pptxTRANSISTOR.pptx
TRANSISTOR.pptx
 
Transistor.pptx
Transistor.pptxTransistor.pptx
Transistor.pptx
 

Plus de Syiera Rahman (9)

3.1.5 aplikasi projek brief dalam bentuk jadual dan lakaran
3.1.5 aplikasi projek brief dalam bentuk jadual dan lakaran3.1.5 aplikasi projek brief dalam bentuk jadual dan lakaran
3.1.5 aplikasi projek brief dalam bentuk jadual dan lakaran
 
Nota bab 1 ting 3
Nota bab 1 ting 3Nota bab 1 ting 3
Nota bab 1 ting 3
 
Bab4 pembiakan seks dan aseks
Bab4 pembiakan seks dan aseksBab4 pembiakan seks dan aseks
Bab4 pembiakan seks dan aseks
 
F4.4.4 gas law
F4.4.4 gas lawF4.4.4 gas law
F4.4.4 gas law
 
F4.4.3 heat
F4.4.3 heatF4.4.3 heat
F4.4.3 heat
 
Force pressure n 3 principles
Force pressure n 3 principlesForce pressure n 3 principles
Force pressure n 3 principles
 
F4 ch2.9
F4 ch2.9F4 ch2.9
F4 ch2.9
 
4.2 semiconductor diodes
4.2 semiconductor diodes4.2 semiconductor diodes
4.2 semiconductor diodes
 
F4.4.1 heat
F4.4.1 heatF4.4.1 heat
F4.4.1 heat
 

Dernier

The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptxThe basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
heathfieldcps1
 
Making and Justifying Mathematical Decisions.pdf
Making and Justifying Mathematical Decisions.pdfMaking and Justifying Mathematical Decisions.pdf
Making and Justifying Mathematical Decisions.pdf
Chris Hunter
 

Dernier (20)

Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning ExhibitSociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
 
2024-NATIONAL-LEARNING-CAMP-AND-OTHER.pptx
2024-NATIONAL-LEARNING-CAMP-AND-OTHER.pptx2024-NATIONAL-LEARNING-CAMP-AND-OTHER.pptx
2024-NATIONAL-LEARNING-CAMP-AND-OTHER.pptx
 
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdf
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdfKey note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdf
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdf
 
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The BasicsIntroduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
 
Measures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SD
Measures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SDMeasures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SD
Measures of Dispersion and Variability: Range, QD, AD and SD
 
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
Advanced Views - Calendar View in Odoo 17
 
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptxThe basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
The basics of sentences session 2pptx copy.pptx
 
Unit-IV; Professional Sales Representative (PSR).pptx
Unit-IV; Professional Sales Representative (PSR).pptxUnit-IV; Professional Sales Representative (PSR).pptx
Unit-IV; Professional Sales Representative (PSR).pptx
 
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
 
On National Teacher Day, meet the 2024-25 Kenan Fellows
On National Teacher Day, meet the 2024-25 Kenan FellowsOn National Teacher Day, meet the 2024-25 Kenan Fellows
On National Teacher Day, meet the 2024-25 Kenan Fellows
 
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
TỔNG ÔN TẬP THI VÀO LỚP 10 MÔN TIẾNG ANH NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024 CÓ ĐÁP ÁN (NGỮ Â...
 
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
 
Role Of Transgenic Animal In Target Validation-1.pptx
Role Of Transgenic Animal In Target Validation-1.pptxRole Of Transgenic Animal In Target Validation-1.pptx
Role Of Transgenic Animal In Target Validation-1.pptx
 
Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024
Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024
Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024
 
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdfWeb & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
Web & Social Media Analytics Previous Year Question Paper.pdf
 
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
 
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
Presentation by Andreas Schleicher Tackling the School Absenteeism Crisis 30 ...
 
Ecological Succession. ( ECOSYSTEM, B. Pharmacy, 1st Year, Sem-II, Environmen...
Ecological Succession. ( ECOSYSTEM, B. Pharmacy, 1st Year, Sem-II, Environmen...Ecological Succession. ( ECOSYSTEM, B. Pharmacy, 1st Year, Sem-II, Environmen...
Ecological Succession. ( ECOSYSTEM, B. Pharmacy, 1st Year, Sem-II, Environmen...
 
Making and Justifying Mathematical Decisions.pdf
Making and Justifying Mathematical Decisions.pdfMaking and Justifying Mathematical Decisions.pdf
Making and Justifying Mathematical Decisions.pdf
 
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.pptApplication orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
 

4.3 transistor

  • 2.
  • 3. • The emitter emits or sends charge carriers through the thin base layer to be collected by the collector. • There is two-type of transistor: npn transistor and pnp transistor. • In an npn transistor the emitter sends negative electrons to the collector. • In an pnp transistor, the p-type emitter sends positive holes to the collector.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Transistor as a current amplifier A small change in the base current, results in a big change in the collector current, ΔIc >>>>ΔIb
  • 7. Transistor as an automatic switch If there is no current flow in the base circuit, then there is also no current flow in the collector circuit. IB = 0 then IC = 0 transistor is switch off IB flows then IC flows transistor is switch on
  • 8. How a transistor can be used as an automatic switch If the variable resistor in the transistor is replaced by a device such as light dependent resistor (LDR), a thermistor or a microphone, the transistor can be used as an automatic switch controlled by light, heat or sound.
  • 9. How a transistor can be used as an automatic switch Potential divider circuit • Choose a suitable resistor R1 and a variable resistor R2. The voltage at base terminal can be adjusted to switch the transistor on or off. • If the variable resistor = 0, base voltage = 0 and the transistor remains off. • If the variable resistor is increased, the base voltage increases. • When the base voltage reaches certain minimum value, the base current switches the transistor on. • The large collector current flows through the transistor causing the bulb to light up.
  • 11. A light controlled switch 1. The LDR has a very high resistance in darkness and a low resistance in light. R is a fixed resistor. 2. The LDR and R form a potential divider in the circuit
  • 12. Draw a circuit diagram Circuit switches on the light at daytime and switches off the bulb at night automatically Circuit switches on the bulb at night and switches off the bulb at day time automatically
  • 13. Night time automatically Day time automatically • In daylight, the LDR has a very low resistance as compared to R. • Therefore the base voltage is high enough to switch the transistor on and to light up the bulb. • In darkness, the LDR has a very high resistance and therefore the base voltage is too low to switch the transistor on. The bulb light off • In daylight, the LDR has a very low resistance as compared to R. • Therefore the base voltage is too low to switch the transistor on • In darkness, the LDR has a very high resistance and the base voltage is high to switch the transistor on to light on the bulb.