The document describes various observational research methods including naturalistic observation, participant observation, structured observation, and field experiments. It discusses types of qualitative and quantitative data collected through techniques like time sampling, event sampling, and situation sampling. The document also provides examples of observational studies conducted in educational settings, including a kindergarten teacher development project using classroom observations and interviews, an ethnomethodology study analyzing online discourse, and a case study of fifth grade students' digital video composition processes.
13. Observation Method Example #1 A school-based project in five kindergartens: the case of teacher development and school development Yuen Ling Li School of Early Childhood Education, Hong Kong Institute of Education
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23. Observation Method Example #2 Ethnomethodology/ Conversation Analysis Mazur, J. M. (2004). Conversation analysis for educational technologists: Theoretical and methodological issues for researching the structures, processes, and meaning of on-line talk. In D. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of Research for Educational Communications & Technologies (pp. 1138-1178). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
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32. Observation Method Example #3 Production in a Fifth Grade Classroom Composing Across Multiple Media: A Case Study of Digital Video
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