1. JOURNAL Lab-2: Hand Cream
INTRODUCTION: The human skin is the body’s largest organ and requires regular
attention to stay young and healthy. Daily moisturizing is vital for healthy skin. Hand
lotion is used to remove the dryness of skin and keep them smooth.
Purpose:
This experiment provides an opportunity to learn and become familiar with measuring out
solid and liquid chemicals. Ifound that it is a good experience in the lab. I found the
preparation of a hand cream was very interesting. During the first lab experiment got an
opportunity to discuss heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures and emulsions.
Materials:
Stearic Acid - 15 g/
Triethanolamine -15 mL
Glycerine (Glycerol) -15 mL
Lanolin - 2 g
Mineral Oil- 15 mL
Healthhazards of the chemicals:
Chemicals Health Hazard
Stearic Acid Compound is generally considered nontoxic. Inhalation of dust irritates
nose and throat. Dust causes mild irritation of eyes.
Triethanolamine Irritation-Eyes, Nose, Throat, Skin---Mild (HE16); Respiratory
sensitization (asthma) (HE9); Dermatitis (HE3), moderately toxic by
ingestion
Glycerin some people show allergic reactions; keep away from strong oxidizing
agents
Lanolin some people are allergic to lanolin. If ingested, serious effects can
develop.
Mineral Oil Can irritate the skin causing a rash or burning feeling on contact.
Resource: osha.gov

2. Equipment:
400 mL beakers for water baths
hot plates
thermometers
digital balances and weighing dishes
stirring rods
spatulas
10 mL & 25 mL graduated cylinders
polypropylene disposable test tubes
plastic transfer pipets
plastic bucket for dirty glassware
stopper sink to prevent clogging
Disposal:
A bucket for collecting the used test tubes and hand cream.
A bucket for collection of Dirty Glassware.
Procedure:
(As per instruction)
Take a large beaker about 2/3 full with tap water.
Heat this water on a hot plate (for a hot water bath.)
For mixture 1, place the stearic acid and mineral oil into a test tube. Place this tube
into a hot, water bath until all the ingredients have melted.
For mixture 2, Place the water, glycerin and the triethanolamine into another test
tube and heat in hot water bath.
Measure the temperature of the water bath.
When both mixtures have reached 80 - 90°C slowly pour the oil mixture into the
water mixture a little at a time, stirring constantly and gently.
Repeat this procedure for the rest of the mixtures, leaving out or adding the
ingredients listed in the table below.
Use a clean set of test tubes for each mixture.
Place a small amount of any mixture that seems to be a hand cream on the back of
hand and evaluate its effectiveness at being a hand cream.

3. Mix 1 Mix 2 Mix 3 Mix 4 Mix 5 Mix 6
Oilmixture
Stearic Acid 1.0 g 1.0 g 1.0 g 1.0 g 0 g 1.0 g
Mineral Oil 1.5 mL 1.5 mL 1.5 mL 0 mL 1.5 mL 1.5 mL
Lanolin 0 g 0 g 0 g 0 g 0 g 0.5 g
Watermixture
Glycerin 0.5 g 0.5 g 0 g 0.5 g 0.5 g 0.5 g
Triethanolamine 1 mL 0 mL 1 mL 1 mL 1 mL 1 mL
Tap Water 10 mL 10 mL 10 mL 10 mL 10 mL 10 mL
Result:
Characteristics and ingredients of different creams
Cream # 1- soft and sootheCream # 2Normal in texture
Stearic Acid Stearic Acid
Mineral Oil Mineral Oil
Glycerin Glycerin
Triethanol-amine Tap Water
Tap Water
Cream # 3 Lighter creamsCream # 4non sticky and light in texture
Stearic Acid Stearic Acid
Mineral Oil Glycerin
Triethanol-amine Triethanol-amine Tap Water
Tap Water
Cream # 5non-greasy after applicationCream # 6 heavy and thick cream

4. Mineral OilStearic Acid
Glycerin Mineral Oil
Triethanol-amine Lanolin
Tap Water Glycerin
Triethanol-amine
Tap Water
CLEAN-UP:
Place the plastic tubes and hand cream into the designated container.
The plastic droppers and weighing dishes placed in the trash can.
Rinse thermometers.
Used glassware placed in the Dirty Glassware bucket.
All waste chemicals must be placed in the organic waste containers
Conclusions:
Semi solid emulsions are often called creams. Two popular creams are vanishing
cream called that because it seems to vanish as you rub it into the skin and brushless
shave cream. Both of these formulas have the three key components of any emulsion,
A water phase, an oil phase and an emulsifier. Moisturizing is beneficial for skin health
and reducing microbial dispersion from skin, regardless of whether the product used
contains an antibacterial ingredient
Resource: utmedicalcenter.org, greenpeople.co.uk, cdc.gov