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Introduction to the social sciences vautour
- 1. Introduction to the Social Sciences ANTHROPOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY
- 2. Is Social Science a SCIENCE? NATURAL SCIENTISTS Example Questions SOCIAL SCIENTISTS Example Questions 1.How does that tree grow? 2.What is the effect of sunlight on plants? 1.Why do some athletes take steroids? 2.Why are people marrying later in life?
- 3. What do social scientists do? UNDERSTAND HUMAN EXPERIENCES EXAMINE CULTURES, SOCIETIES AND BEHAVIOURS OF VARIOUS GROUPS OF PEOPLE THROUGH THEIR RESEARCH
- 4. CHANGE IS CHALLENGING… • Restrained future economic growth unless productivity growth accelerates • Integration of immigrant labour force growth • Increased participation of older workers, youth in labour force needs to be encouraged • Aging population means increased pressure on government spending (healthcare, infrastructure, services for seniors)
- 5. CHALLENGES REQUIRE CHANGE… • Airline/airport security • Integrated North American defence • Racism • Terrorism • War
- 6. UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL CHANGE TRANSFORMATION IN THE BELIEFS, SOCIAL INTERACTIONS, PRACTICES, ORGANIZATIONS AND STRUCTURES OF SOCIETY OCCUR OVER TIME – SOME SLOWLY (I.E. ELIMINATING DISCRIMINATION), SOME OVER A FEW WEEKS (RESPONSE TO A CRISIS) CHANGE FORCES GROUP OR SOCIETY TO QUESTION/CONFRONT THE STATUS QUO CHALLENGE IS TO CONVINCE GROUP THAT CHANGE IS NECESSARY AGENTS OF CHANGE
- 7. THE TIPPING POINT (GLADWELL) IN SMALL GROUPS, READ THE HANDOUT, “THE TIPPING POINT” WORK ON THE QUESTIONS COLLABORATIVELY REPORT YOUR BEST FINDINGS TO THE WHOLE CLASS BY SHARING YOUR FINDINGS IN THE GOOGLE CLASSROOM DISCUSSION (1 PERSON PER GROUP)
- 8. OTHER TRENDS TO CONSIDER? • Gluten-free/vegan diets • Instagram and selfies • Black Lives Matter movement • Rise of the Kardashians Empire • RealityTV • EDM • The Occupy Movement
- 9. ALS Ice Bucket Challenge – a social epidemic? INFLUENCE OF THE FEW STICKINESS FACTOR SOCIAL CONTEXT -media attention in USA: first time on TV Golf Channel, live on air ice bucket challenge -mainstream media: Matt Lauer did it on the Today Show (July 2014) > not associated with ALS at this point - Participants would donate to a charity of their choice - First documented connection with ALS was golfer Chris Kennedy challenging cousin whose husband died of ALS - LeBron James,"Weird Al" Yankovic, Donald Trump - Presidents of USA - Prevalence on social media made the trend “stick” in the minds of the public and influence behaviour of those being challenged - Because it’s so simple, it seems like it wouldn’t catch on (counterintuitive) – no commercials or slick campaign - Message is worth spreading (life-saving treatment/funds to fight disease) - Cheap to participate and share - Spread to other countries (Rice Bucket Challenge) - Jumping into cold water (polar dip) has been popular fundraiser for years (geographic – need cold lake water) - competitiveness (prevalent and accepted in North American culture) - social media pressure (bad PR move if you don’t participate) - online narcissism - low barriers to entry > many did not donate, all classes of people can do challenge - mass interest and individual identification - Tagging the challenged felt personal - Limited commitment from viewers (less than 1 min) - Clicktivists/slacktivism
- 10. SOCIAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINES DEFINED ANTHROPOLOGY The study of the human species and its origins and development of its language and culture over time. PSYCHOLOGY The study of the human mind, behaviours, emotions, cognitive processes and personality. SOCIOLOGY The study of society and social behavior. anthropology, psychology, sociology help us understand/explain the process of social change and challenges it brings
- 11. SS DISCIPLINES FUNDAMENTAL QUESTIONS ANTHROPOLOGY • How was human culture developed? • What symbols do cultures share? • How did humans learn to manipulate environment? • How was language established? PSYCHOLOGY • Why do humans behave as they do? • How does personality develop? • What is intelligence? • How can we control our emotions? SOCIOLOGY • What function does society serve in lives of individuals? • What role do social institutions have in society? • How do individuals learn/adapt to rules and modes of behavior that govern the group? anthropology, psychology, sociology help us understand/explain the process of social change and challenges it brings
- 12. SS DISCIPLINES FUNDAMENTAL BELIEFS ANTHROPOLOGY Understanding our origins will help explain how we live, communicate and interact with our environment. PSYCHOLOGY Behaviour is both learned and innate. Both factors influence and shape how individuals will behave, feel, act, respond to external stimuli. SOCIOLOGY The groups to which an individual belongs will determine the roles and expectations that s/he will value and imitate in her/his private life. anthropology, psychology, sociology help us understand/explain the process of social change and challenges it brings
- 13. Check your understanding! DOWNLOAD SOCRATIVE STUDENT APP OR GO TO B.SOCRATIVE.COM ENTER ROOM VAUTOUR
- 14. If children live with criticism, they learn to condemn. If children live with hostility, they learn to fight. If children live with ridicule, they learn to feel shy. If children live with shame, they learn to feel guilty. If children live with encouragement, they learn confidence. If children live with tolerance, they learn patience. If children live with praise, they learn appreciation. If children live with acceptance, they learn to love. If children live with approval, they learn to like themselves. If children live with honesty, they learn truthfulness. If children live with fairness, they learn justice. If children live with security, they learn to have faith in themselves and in those about them. If children live with friendliness, they learn the world is a nice place in which to live. GUESS THE DISCIPLINE?
- 15. How do social scientists conduct research? Qualitative Data (about non-measurable qualities) Quantitative Data (about quantities or numbers) Description • Information expressed in words or actions • Open-ended questions • Descriptions and comparisons • Analysis is based on interpreting the meaning of information (inferences, more subjective) • Numerical results • Close-ended questions • Considered more objective Examples Interviews Observations Surveys Laboratory-based observation
- 16. Qualitative observations use your senses to observe the results. (Sight, smell, touch, taste and hear.) Quantitative observations are made with instruments such as rulers, balances, graduated cylinders, beakers, and thermometers. CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING DOWNLOAD SOCRATIVE STUDENT APP OR GO TO B.SOCRATIVE.COM ENTER ROOM VAUTOUR
- 17. Einstein was a qualitative researcher Read the article about qualitative vs quantitative research and answer the questions that follow to review the difference between these two research methods
Notes de l'éditeur
- Let's examine the three social sciences anthropology, psychology and sociology. It is important to note that each discipline helps to support the other. There may be a different emphasis within each discipline, but they are not conflicting disciplines.
- Society is dynamic not static! *dynamic means always changing, *static means staying the same These changes create challenges for society that need to be addressed… Observable and measurable are two key concepts that social scientists use when examining what humans do. Human behaviour consists of everything that humans do, eat, think, say, and react to. Social scientists use a variety of methods in gathering information about human behaviour. For example, they may use surveys, interviews, personal observations, historical research and statistics. Culture: The system of shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviours, and artifacts that the members of society use to cope with their world and with one another, and that are transmitted from generation to generation through learning
- Either way, social scientists are interested in how it all plays out
- Ideas: ALS ice bucket challenge, gluten-free/vegan diets, Instagram, Vine, Black Lives Matter movement, rise of the Kardashians, realityTV, YouTubers, EDM, The Occupy Movement, online shopping, online dating Tipping point notes If something's going to make it you'll see the thread running through everything - TV, what they listen to, materials they want to wear Word of mouth change in hyper world of multi modal communication We like to think of ourselves as autonomous and self directed set up by our genes and temperament but we are actually powerfully influenced by our surroundings, our immediate context and personalities of those around us
- Quiz Identify the discipline 1. Practitioners of this social science would ask how accurately this poem reflects what we know about the development and functioning of human society. They might conduct a statistical analysis to find out whether children do in fact tend to develop into the kinds of roles according to the expectations set out for them. They might track a sample of people from childhood to adulthood to study how children learn/adapt to rules and behavior that govern their lives. 2. These social scientists would ask how accurately this poem reflects what we know about human culture. They might participate as observers in a number of cultures in different countries to study how children are treated to establish a possible link between childhood experiences and adult behaviours. 3. Social scientists from this discipline would consider people’s feelings about how they were treated as children to determine how much that impacted the development of their adult personalities. They would focus on understanding how the minds of their subjects work.
- SOCRATIVE QUIZ NAME: QUANTITATIVE VS QUALITATIVE The age of your car. (Quantitative.) The number of freckles on your face. (Quantitative.) The softness of a cat. (Qualitative.) The color of the sky. (Qualitative.) The number of pennies in your pocket. (Quantitative.) NOTE: FLASH FILE ELO INTERACTIVE IN SAVED FILES
- Qualitative vs Quantitative advanced (Socrative) Qualitative observations use your senses to observe the results. (Sight, smell, touch, taste and hear.) Quantitative observations are made with instruments such as rulers, balances, graduated cylinders, beakers, and thermometers. These results are measurable. Read the following examples and then decide if the example is qualitative (1) or quantitative (2). It is light green in color. ________ (1 or 2) 2. It taste sour. ______ (1 or 2) 3. One leaf is 9 cm long. ____ (1 or 2) 4. It makes a loud pop sound. ____ (1 or 2) 5. The mass of the computer is 1 1/2 kg. ____ (1 or 2) 6. It smells sweet. ____ (1 or 2) 7. The temperature of the room increases by 8 degrees C. ____ (1 or 2) 8. It gets darker over a period of time. ____ (1 or 2) 9. The flower clusters in 3 blooms. ____ (1 or 2) 10. Feels very rough. ____ (1 or 2) 11. The plant is short. ____ (1 or 2) 12. Leaves are stiff. ____ (1 or 2) 13. The veins are 3 mm wide. ____ (1 or 2)