Dr. Waqas Nawaz PMAS arid agriculture university rawalpindi

1. NERVES OF THORACIC LIMB
Waqas Nawaz
11-Arid-975

2. Brachial plexus
The brachial plexus is a network of nerve fiber running from the spine formed by
ventral rami. of the lower four cervical and first thoracic nerve roots (C5-C8, T1). It
proceeds through the neck, the axilla (armpit region), and into the arm. It is a
bunch of nerves passing through the cervico-axillary canal to reach axilla and
supplies brachium, antebrachium and hand.
The brachial plexus is responsible for cutaneous and muscular innervation of
entire limb.
The trapezius muscle innervated by the spinal accessory nerve .
An area of skin near the axilla innervated by the inter costobrachial nerve.
Nerve from brachial plexus my be grouped as fallow:

3. Name of Nerves in Thoracic Limb
Pectoral nerve
Thoraco dorsal nerve
Long thoracic nerve
 Lateral thoracic nerve
Supra scapular nerve
Sub scapular nerve
Pectoral nerve
Axilary nerve
Radial nerve
Musculo cutaneous nerve
Medial nerve
Ulnar nerve

4. Nerve In Extrinsic Muscle of Thoracic Limb
1-Pectoral nerve:
It is cranial to superficial muscle. and caudal to deep
pectoral muscle.
It leads to cleido brachialis muscle
2-Thoraco dorsal nerve:
The thoraco dorsal nerve is a nerve present in humans
and other animals. It is also known as the middle sub scapular nerve or
the long sub scapular nerve. It supplies the latissimus dorsi muscle.

5. 3-Long thoracic nerve:
The nerve descends behind the brachial plexus and the axillary
vessels, resting on the outer surface of the Serratus anterior. It
extends along the side of the thorax to the lower border of
that muscle, supplying filaments to each of its digitations (finger-
like projections).
Nerves that innervate intrinsic muscles of the
scapular region:
4-Supra scapular nerve:
The suprascapular nerve arises from the upper trunk (formed by the
union of the fifth and sixth cervical nerves. It innervates the Supra
spinatous muscle and infra spinatus muscles.

6. 5-Sub scapular nerve:
The sub scapular nerves are innervated by the posterior division of the brachial
plexus. These nerves are part of a group of nerves that innervate the muscles
that move the scapula. The upper sub scapular nerve inserts directly into the
upper portion of the sub mscapularis muscle, thus innervating it. The lower sub
scapular nerve contains two branches. One branch inserts into the lower portion
of the sub scapularis muscle and the other branch inserts into the teres major.
Nerves that run to the lateral surface of the thoracic
limb:
6-Pectoral nerve:
It lies cranial to superficial muscle and caudal to deep
pectoral muscle.
7-Axillary nerve:
Runs laterally, . It supplies flexors of shoulder joint (teres major and
minor, deltoideus, and sub scapularis m
It supplies skin of the lateral brachium.

7. 8-Radial nerve:
It supplies extensor muscles of the elbow, carpus, and digits. It is sensory to the
cranial surface of the antebrachium and the dorsum of the manus (except lateral
surface of fifth digit).
Nerves that run along the medial surface of the thoracic limb:
9-Musculo cutaneous nerve:
Supplies muscles that flex the elbow (biceps brachi and
brachialis) muscle & the cora cobrachialis m. It is sensory to the antebrachium
(medial cutneous antebrachial nerve.
10-Median nerve:
Innervates most of the muscles that flex the carpus & digits (caudal group of
antebrachial muscles). It is sensory to the palmar surface of the manus, except
for the fifth digit.
11-Ulnar nerve:
Joins the median nerve in innervating muscles that flex the carpus & digits
(caudal group of antebrachial muscles). It is sensory to the caudal surface of the
antebrachium and the fifth digit.