polyhouse and drip irrigation

1. CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR VEGETABLES (AN INDO-
ISRAEL PROJECT) KARNAL,HARYANA.
Topic– PROTECTED CULTIVATION OF HIGH VALUE
VEGETABLES AND FRUITS.
SUBMITTED BY:-
SAKSHAM PHUTELA
YATIN
ABHISHEK RANA
DEEPAK TAXAK
SAHIL BHUSHAN

2. S.NO. CONTENT
1. INTODUCTIONTO
ORGANISATION
2. ORGANIC FARMING
3. POLYHOUSES
4. HI-TECH GREEN HOUSE
5. VEGETABLES PRODUCTION
6. FLOWER PRODUTION

3.  Centre Of Excellence, Gharaunda was established and inaugurated on
17thJanuary, 2011 in the presence of UnionAgricultural Minister Mr.
SharadPawar, HaryanaChief Minister Mr. Bhupinder Singh Hooda, Israeli
Ambassador Mr. Mark Sofer and ChaimChoshen, Director of the South
Asia department in the Ministry of foreign affairs.
 Agriculture is the chief thing responsible for the association of Israel and
India. It is only possible due to the cooperation of structured interactions
among governments, experts and most essential – farmers.
 This consists of mutual sharing of knowledge and technologies,
establishment of Centres of Excellence in a variety of agriculture sectors
across India, exchange visits of experts and farmers and Post-doctoral
scholarships for Indian agriculture researchers in Israel.
 This teamwork, based on proper adaptation, functioning and
assimilation of Israeli agro-technologies and extension measures, is
taking a significant part in India’s 2nd Green Revolution.
Indo-Israel Centre of Excellence for Vegetable
Introduction to the Organization

5. It is a type of farming the growth or production of crops is under no use of
any kind of pesticides, fertilizers, antibiotics, growth hormones etc.
METHODOLOGIES USED:
•No use of Fertilizers, pesticides, antibiotics, growth regulators etc.
•It includes the use of formal methods such as crop rotation, green
Manuring.
•Organic farm should keep away from any other farm which in under
chemical use.
•It is very important to seprate organic and inorganic land holdings.
• the seeds should be used which are obtained from the organic crops.
•In order to get ride from the expenses of compost and other things ,we
have to prepare own organic compost and cow dung etc by own in our
field.
•Sanitation should be maintained in the farming eqiupments like shovel,
trowel, scattier, irrigation tanks/systems.
•Seprate work should be done like Reaping, harvesting, cleaning, grading
as well as packing of organic and inorganic crops.
•Bags, baskets, sacks etc., which are used for storing organic products
should not be used to store any inorganic products.
ORGANIC FARMING

6.  Different types of organic manures used in organic farming :
 Vermiwash:
 It is liquid manure which is prepare by collecting the water
passed slowly through a column of earthworm culture. It
consists of excreta & some excess secretions of earthworms.
 RAW MATERIAL: Plastic drum, Bucket, Earthen pot, Organic
residues,Cattle Dung, Earthworms.

 PREPARATION :
 Place a plastic drum or earthen Pot with a tap at sone side at
some height in shade.
 Now, put six inch thick layer of concreate and afterwards six inch
layer of sand. (BaaluRaet).
 Spill one week old cattle dung or organic waste (household)into
the pot to make 1.5 feet thick layer.
 Add 500-1000 red wiggler earthworms in it.
 Allow the water filled earthen pot to pour water through the
coulumn of worm culture drop by drop.
 Now after few days,fluid start to coming out of the worm culture
container and it should be collected in other plastic container.
 For sparaying on crops one litre of vermin wash should be mixed
with 10 litres of water.

7. •NADEP COMPOST:
•This technique involved the layering of different type of materials I a
block made with bricks and mud.
In order to pass some air through this structure,there should be some
holes which allows air to pass through it.
•RAW MATERIALS :
Agricultural waste (Dry & Green)=2000-2500kg
Cattle Dung=300-400kg
Soil=500-800kg
Water=800-1200 litres
Cow urine=10 litres
Biomix-1 (Culture-1) =1kg
Jaggery =2kg

8. •PREPARATION & PLACING :
1. Take 40-50 kg of cow dung and 100-150 litre of waterand mix it properly
and place the mixture or paste in that NADEP compost brick structure.
2. Put agriculture waste upto 8 inches above the mixture.
3. Now,again do this process of adding 40-50 kg of cow dung and 100-150 litre
of water on the agricultural waste in the structure.
4. Pour around 100kg of fine sieved soil over this.
5. Now,the above steps should be repeated till that structure would leave
only 10-12 inches of height(empty).
6. At last, a mixture of cow dung and fine sieved soil should be put over it to
close and compact the soil.
7. After 70-80 days, by using a thick stick ,we have to make big holes on the
surface .
8. Now,we have to mix 10 litre of cow urine in 1 kg of biomix-1 and 2 kg of
jiggery and put it into that holes with the help of stick and close the holes.
9. After 30-40 days compost is ready to use and hence, it would take around
10-120 days to prepare NADEP compost.
10. Now, the manure prepared in the pit is taken out and sieved to obtain fine
manure which can be stored in shade/away from sunlight & can be used in
organic fields.

9.  POLYHOUSES
 Polyhouse is a house covered with transparent material under which crops can be grown in
partially or fully controlled climatic conditions.
 Different types of Polyhouses :
 Hi-tech polyhouse
 Naturally ventilated ployhouse
 Walk-in tunnels
 Anti insectpolyhouses
 Shed net house
 Low tunnels
 Advantages of Polyhouses :
 Polyhouses controls insects .
 They preventS damage fr0m rain.
 Polyhouses maintain the temperature inside for proper growth of vegetable and flowers.
 The quality of product is enhanced.
 The yield is also increased.
 The consumption of fertilizer is less , saves upto 70% fertilizer.
 Polyhouses control weeds effectively.
 Polyhouses saves the amount of water to be given to crop.
 There is no need to use pesticides only fungicides are used.
 Polyhouses gives good profit to farmers.

10.  Disadvantages of Polyhouses :
 The cost of building a Polyhouse is very much high.
 It needs technical management which uneducated farmers are unable to do.
 The polyhouse sheets are torn off during high wind speed.
 During summer due to high temperature inside polyhuse crops cannot
survive.
 Limited crops can be grown.
 Crops that can be grown in Polyhouses :
 Coloured Capsicum
 Parthenocarpic Cucumber
 Tomato
 Chilli
 Brinjal
 Flowers(Rose, Lilium, Gerbera, etc.)

11. HI-TECH POLYHOUSENATURALLYVENTILATED POLYHOUSE
ANTI-INSECT POLYHOUSE WALK-IN -TUNNELS

12.  A Hi tech greenhouse is defined as a framed
or an inflated structure covered with a
transparent or translucent material (Plastic
sheets) in which seedlings could be grown
under the condition of at least partially
controlled environment with cooling pads and
other equipments.
 In HiTech Greenhouse seedlings are prepared using 3 main
different components without using soil. These seedlings are
kept in Hi tech green house under special observation.To
avoid the effect of outer climate on the seedlings a constant
temperature is maintained by using cooling pads . Irrigation is
provided to the seedlings by using sprinkler method of
irrigation.The germination time of seeds vary according to
different seed size, after which they are transplanted in the
fields.

13. The different components which are used in soil less seedling
production are the following:-
1. COCOPEAT :
Coco peat is prepared from the waste of
coconut husk in southern states of
India. It has good porosity. It has
improved drainage and good air
movement activity. It do not have any
type of nutrients. All nutrients are
provided manually
2.VERMICULITE :
It is heat expanded mica. It is very light
in weight and has minerals (magnesium
and potassium) for enriching the mix &
remain neutral in mix (pH). Most
commonly used grades are 2 and 4.

14. 3. PERLITE :
It is essentially heat-expanded aluminum silicate
rock. The volcanic ore is heated to extreme
temperatures of about 980*C to cause the rock
particles to expand to produce the white product
which is used in mixes. It’s role in mix is to improve
aeration and drainage.
Ratio in which these components are mixed (by volume ) :
Cocopeat : Vermiculite : Perlite
8 : 1 : 1 (for small plants)
3 : 1 : 1 (for big plants)

15. Method to prepare Soil Less Media :
1.Put cocopeat in water and remain it undisturb for 24hrs.
2.After that by using with hands squeeze the small piece of
Cocopeat .
3.Collect the extracted water and check its electric
conductivity (EC).
4.EC should be near or less than 0.7.
5.If EC divert from 0.7 then again put Cocopeat in water
and after some time drain water from a piece of cocopeat.
6.All this would be mixed by machines or either manually
properly and put in the trays easily.
Types of Trays used:
Mainly there are 2 types of trays which are used to grow
seedlings in Hi-Tech Green House:
 Thermocol protray : this type of tray has longer life with
heat proof quality and it provides optimum tempature to
roots in different wheather.it has 198 cavities.
 Black Protary : It has little bit different qualities with
above one and it has 99 cavities.
 Trays which are having round cavities are not be used
because of this the growth of root will be circuler.

16. SEED SOWING:
 Holes of ½ inches (for large seeds) and 1.5 cm (for very
small seeds) are made and seeds are placed in them.
 Seeds are covered with Vermiculite and water is
provided just enough to provide moisture to the seeds.
 Roots are formed first which helps in further growth
and absorption of nutrients fromVermiculite and
Perlite which are highly nutrient rich.
COMMON DISEASE:
 The main disease that occur is DAMPING OFF.This is
caused due to fungus.
 It is soil borne disease. It fiest attack on roots and then
proceed towards stem and damages the tissues.
 Brown colour of roots indicates the root damage.

17. Control:
- Seed treatment with 4 gm /kg of seed of trichoderma +
3ml /kg of Apron XL.
- Soil drenching with Blue copper 3 gm /lt of water
- Ridomil gold 2 gm /lt of water.
Insect control:
- Use yellow trap.
- Double doors entrance
- Poly sheet should not be damaged.
- Air curtain
Seedlings prepared in Hi-Tech Green House are:
• BOTTLE GOURD
• MUSK MELON
• BRINJAL
• ASH GOURD
• CHILLY
•WATER MELON
• PAPAYA
•TOMATO
• ROUND GOURD

18. IMPORTANT HYBRIDS:
• REGULAR HYBRID: Heemsona, Heemsikhar, GS-600, Lupin
• CHERRYTOMATO: BSS-834, Olleh, Moscatle etc.
SOIL & ITS PREPARATION:
• Sandy loam with good water holding capacity and should be
well drained.
• Deep ploughing with chiseler and rotavator 1-2 times.
• Application of vermicompost @ 4 kg/m sq.
BED PREPARTION:
• Bed to Bed distance: 2 m
• Top of the Bed: 0.45 m
• Base of the Bed: 0.80 m.
• Mulching is done to control weeds and to conserve the
moisture.
TRANSPLANTATION:
• 30 days old seedling.
• 8-10 cm long.
• 5-6 leaves seedling.
• Time of planting- August- September
TOMATO
VEGETABLE PRODUCTION

19. FERTIGATION SCHEDULE:
• Trellising is done to give proper space to each
and every plant and it alloes them to gain
sunlight to every part of it. It is done after 20-30
days of transplanting and bendeed after every
10 days.
 Training and pruning is done after 30 days of
transplanting. Primary branch is allowed to
grow and done till crop ends

20. CROP HARVESTING:
For cherry and Regular Tomato first harvesting is done after 70-75 days of transplanting and done
till crop ends.
CROP PRODUCTION:
•For Regular intermediate Tomato: 800- 1000 quintal per acre.
•For Cherry Tomato: 400- 450 quintal per acre.