Habib Ullah Qamar
Govt. college of Commerce Gujranwala
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 Information levels
 Information Flow
 Stakeholders
 Information is a vital asset of an organization.
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 What is System
 Elements of system
 Characteristics of a System
 An Artificial System’s Example
 Information System Framework
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 A System is a set of
two or more
interrelated and
dependent
components that
interact to each other
to achieve a goal.
These components
may be referred as a
subsystem that
performs a specific
function important to
and supportive part of
the larger system.
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 Multiple Components : A system must
consists of more than one components or
subsystems.
 Relatedness: All these components must be
related to each other to serve a common
objective.
 System vs Subsystem : There must be clear
distinction between system and subsystem.
For us the terms are interchangeable, A
system may be called subsystem when it will
be viewed as the part of some larger system.
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 Decomposition is the process of dividing the
system into smaller subsystem parts.
 convenient way of representing, viewing, and
understanding
 the relationships among subsystems.
 By decomposing a system, we can present the
overall system as a hierarchy and view the
relationships between subordinate and
higher-level subsystems.
 Each subordinate subsystem performs one or
more specific functions .
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 effective functioning and harmonious
interaction of its subsystems
 Vital subsystem fails results in the overall
system will failure. (PUMP System)
 Non Vital subsystem failure don’t result in the
failure of overall system. (Radio)
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 The information system is the set of formal
procedures by which data are collected,
processed into information, and distributed
to users. or
 A combination of hardware, software,
infrastructure and trained personnel
organized to facilitate planning, control,
coordination, and decision making in an
organization.
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 In Previous Figure we saw two broad
categories of information systems to emerge
into An Information System.
 AIS and MIS
 This framework could be used to define the
position, domain and distinction of AIS from
MIS
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 In most organizations MIS and AIS might be
integrated to perform operations.
 An IS centers on Transactions.
 A transaction as an event that affects or is of
interest to the organization and is processed
by its information system as a unit of work
 There are two types of Transactions
 Financial and non-financial
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 A financial
transaction is an
economic event that
affects the assets and
equities of the
organization, is
reflected in its
accounts, and is
measured in
monetary terms.
 It must be recorded
correctly
 Nonfinancial
transactions are
events that do not
involve any economic
value. For example,
adding a new
supplier of raw
materials to the list
of valid suppliers.
 It has no legal
obligation to process
it correctly.
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 We start with review of Information
 We define system and its characteristics
 We discussed a framework for an IS
 AIS and MIS are identified on the basis of
Transactions.
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See you again in sha ALLAH
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