2. • Road transport is one of the modes of transport, in which cargo
and passengers move on land roads by wheeled means of
transport (eg motor vehicles). Transport services that take place
using this mode of transport are provided by road hauliers. The
advantages of road transport include, among others, the
possibility to provide cargo or passengers directly to the
destination (the so-called high availability. principle "from door
to door"). While, the disadvantages include energy consumption
and harmful impact on the environment.
3. ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE
• Road transport infrastructure can be divided in the same way as
other modes of transport infrastructure into linear
infrastructure (roads) and point - such as road junctions, bus
stops, logistic centers and transshipment points, as well as
infrastructure of an auxiliary character, such as car parks,
petrol stations, car washes, or vehicle control stations or
service stations.
4. TYPES OF ROAD TRANSPORT
1. According to the criterion of economic activity:
-commercial transport- non-profit transport - run for its own
use
2. According to the territorial criterion:
- national road transport - commercial transport characterized
by the fact that all traffic is carried out using motor vehicles or
combinations of vehicles registered in the country, on the road,
which start, end and transit routes are located on Polish territory.
- international road transport - similar requirements as in
domestic transport, with the difference that the starting point or
destination may be located outside the country.
5. MEANS OF TRANSPORT
• The basic division includes the means of transport for transporting
people and resources intended for the carriage of cargo. Means of
transport for carrying people can be divided into individual means of
transport and collective means of transport. The first group includes
for example, bicycles, mopeds, motorcycles and cars. The second one
are: buses (all sizes of vans, and large buses), buses and trolleybuses.
Taxis have a specific function in the individual transport of people.
Noteworthy is also the concept of car-pooling with a view to increasing
the number of people moving simultaneously in a single means of
transport, which contributes to reducing the effect of congestion on
the roads (especially in cities), and thus to reduce the negative impact
on the environment. Means of transport for cargo include all types of
vans, trucks (the universal body, specialized or special body).
6. CONVENTIONS AND INTERNATIONAL
REGULATIONS
• Vienna Convention on Road Traffic-regulating travel on the road
- CMR- stating the model of international consignment note
- Convention ADR - Transport of Dangerous Goods
- The TIR Convention- concerning the transit of goods by lorries
in international transport
-The Convention on the ATP - transport of perishable goods
-AETR Agreement- referring to the working time of drivers
-INTERBUS agreement – concerning the international passengers
7. ORGANISATIONS
• One of the major international organizations that brings together
those involved in road transport (such as national road transport
associations, vehicle manufacturers) founded in 1948 is Road
Transport Union. It brings together 179 members from 74
countries and is responsible, among others for representing
interests of road transport,
8. URBAN TRANSPORT IN POLAND
• Moving around Poland can be fairly easy through their public
transportation system. Urban transport in Poland consists
mainly of buses and trams. In Warsaw, two metro lines operate.
Depending on the size of the city, the public transportation
frequency is quite high. Each city in Poland has a Public
Transport Authority that manages the transportation system.
Most cities, however, have the same type of public transport
and work in the same way.
