2. CONVEYING EQUIPMENT
• Transporting material from one place to another over a
stationary structure.
• Caries material in continuous stream with its distinct feature
such as endless chain or belt.
• Can be done horizontally, vertically or inclined.
• When the equipment does horizontal conveying, it is known
as conveyor and when it does vertical, it is known as elevator.
• Conveying are mainly used in mining, construction and in
some of the industries.
• In construction industry, conveyors are mainly used for
concreting purpose.
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A conveyor system is a common piece of mechanical handling equipment
that moves materials from one location to another. Conveyors are
especially useful in applications involving the transportation of heavy or
bulky materials. Conveyor systems allow quick and efficient
transportation for a wide variety of materials, which make them very
popular in the material handling and packaging industries.
Some of basic characteristics of conveying equipment's are:-
3. UTILITY
The Advantage of using conveyors are as follows:-
1. It increases the output.
2. It facilitates continuity in operation.
3. It results in time saving.
4. There are no waiting periods.
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4. Some of the popular conveyors are as
follows:-
1. Belt conveyor
2. Screw conveyor
3. Bucket conveyor
4. Aerial transport
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5. Belt conveyor
• Used when large quantities of materials have to be conveyed
over long distances at fast speed.
• It consists of a belt running over a pair of end drums or
pulleys and supported at regular intervals by a series of rollers
called idlers.
• These idlers are supported on a conveyor frame.
• The middle sag provided in the belt prevent the spilling of
material.
• Generally, rubber is most commonly used as conveyor belt.
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6. Types of Belt conveyor
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There are two types of belt available:-
• Rubber belt
• Steel Cord
RUBBER BELT
Rubber conveyor belts are commonly used to convey items
with irregular bottom surfaces, small items that would fall
in between rollers (e.g. a sushi conveyor bar), or bags of
product that would sag between rollers.
7. STEEEL CORD
• Steel cord belts provide outstanding reliability and durability
in transporting the materials.
• Steel cord conveyor belts ensure maximum conveying
performance, even under grueling stress conditions.
• Steel cord conveyer belts are maintenance free
8. The advantages of using belt conveyor are as
follows:-
1. It can handle light as well as heavy materials, dry or wet,
fine or coarse etc.
2. It can transfer several thousand tons of material per hour and
for distances of several kilometers.
3. It can carry material horizontally or inclined.
4. It is lighter in weight then other conveyors.
5. It gives controlled discharge of material and discharge can
be controlled by the speed of the belt.
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9. SCREW CONVEYOR
• Widely used for handling granular or pulverized material.
• The quantity of material conveyed is less compared to the
conveyor, but at the same time the cost is also less.
• A screw conveyor consists of a helix mounted on a bearing at
the ends and at intermediate points and is driven by a motor
from one end.
• The material enters the through at one end is carried to the
other end by screwing action of helix.
• The length of the conveyor is about 65m. with an inclination
up to a maximum of 350.
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11. Applications:-
• Conveying fine, pasty solids, abrasive and non
abrasive material.
• Can transport material with capacity of 280
m3/hr.
• Incorporated for in situ devices for mixing,
heating, cooling.
12. Advantages:-
• Operated at positive as well as negative
pressure.
• Material can be conveyed horizontally as well as
vertically.
Disadvantages:-
• High power consumption.
13. A bucket elevator, is a mechanism for hauling
flow able bulk materials vertically.
A bucket elevator can elevate a variety of bulk
materials from light to heavy and from fine to
large lumps.
The buckets conveying material are fixed to
the rubber conveyor belt.
The structure of bucket conveyor consists of
drive and return station, body tube with guide
and conveyor belt.
Bucket conveyor
Bucket
Rubber conveyor belt
14. Bucket conveyor
The material transport is without spillage and
contamination, the closed conveyor design
prevents dusting.
Variety of configuration allows installation of
the bucket conveyors on sites with very limited
space.
It has buckets in the shape of ‘V’ which are
open at the top.
They may be feeder loaded or may drag in a
vertical movement or along an incline.
Conveyor parameters:
•It’s length is up to 20meter.
•It's Width varies 300 to 1200mm.
•It’s Output 10 – 1000t/hours.
15. The buckets conveying material are fixed to
guide chain.
The structure of bucket conveyor consists of
drive and return station, body tube with guide
and conveyor chain
Chain Bucket conveyor
Conveyor parameters:
•It’s length is up to 0-5 meter.
•It's Width varies 300 to 1200mm.
•It’s Output 10 – 1000t/hours.
16. Bucket
The buckets are bins fixed to the conveyor belt
or guide chain.
They load the material, transport it to the
conveyor top and at the highest point unload
the conveyed material.
Standard delivered and produced buckets:
•plastic
•iron
•steel
17. Uses
These are used for vertical transportation of
bulk and Bucket Conveyors small grain size
materials.
Bucket Conveyors are used for transportation
of bulk materials in heavy industry.
The Advantage of using conveyors are as
follows:-
1. It increases the output.
2. It facilitates continuity in operation.
3. It results in time saving.
4. There are no waiting periods.
18. Aerial transport
• Aerial transportation through cableways, rope-ways and tram ways.
• Often used with advantage for transportation of material in hilly
regions.
• Reducing the distance of transportation as well as cost of
transportation.
• The load being passed over intermediate towers or stations for long
distances.
• Aerial lift systems are relatively easy to move, and are and have
been used to cross rivers and ravines.
• Installation cost of the aerial transport lift is so high that one of the
disadvantage.
• We can save the much time by the help of the aerial transportation.
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19. ADVANTAGES:-
• Reduced cost of transport-
• Employment –Additional technical and non-technical workers have
been employed to operate the system. At the moment, the ropeway
facility provides further direct employment for at least 40 people.
• Environmental Conservation- This technology centers on reduction
of traffic on the roads in and around the catchment areas.
• Reduced accidents- A reduction in traffic on the neighboring roads
and the reduced safety hazards associated with this.
• Reduced cost of roads maintenance- The cost of road maintenance
has been significantly reduced.
• Improved road condition: With reduced motor vehicles using the
roads, there is less degradation of roads and also better
accessibility.
