This document provides an overview of basic anatomy, physiology, and pathology related to the heart. It defines common medical terminology used to describe positions and directions in the body. It describes the basic structure and function of the heart, including blood flow patterns and the layers of the heart. It also discusses coronary circulation and common conditions affecting the heart like ischemia, infarction, and atherosclerosis.
13. Function of Heart: Salient Features
•Blood flows in series
•Atria : reservoir , Ventricles: pump
•Two atria as one, Two ventricles as one
•Valves prevent regurgitation
•RV dispensable
14. •Handles blood but cannot use it DIRECTLY
•Receives its ‘pay’ through coronary arteries
•Blood Supply = Work
= BP X HR
15. Coronary Circulation
Facts
• 250ml blood per minute
• Extracts all oxygen even at rest
• Myocardium can not store oxygen
• Hence
Increase in Demand = increase in supply
16. Position: LAD,D – anterior; PD, PLV – Inferior; OM – Posterior
Non accessible : LM, LCx, S , intramyocardial vessels
26. Atherosclerosis
• Generalised , affects all vessels
• proximal vessels>> distal vessels
• Cause: not known , risk factors : known
• Surgery treats blocks not the disease