K59 Quoc te dia chat- khoa hoc tu nhien

1. VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE
FACULTY OF GEOLOGY
Group Do Xuan Tien
Nguyen Thị Ngoc
Pham Thi Xuan Thuy
Nguyen Thi Nhung
Nguyen Thi Hien
Class: k59 International Geology
Supervisor: Nguyen Thuy Duong

2. Content
Introduction to field trip
Natural conditions of the Ba Vi and Do Son area
Material composition
Geological process
Geological resources

3. Introduction to field trip
-The place: Ba Vi and Do son area
-The purpose:
How to guide student to write geology diary and note on field
book
How to describe and define an outcrop
How to identify, distinguish igneous rock, sedimentary and
metamorphic rock; the formation processes…..
How to use geological compass in description of geological
formation
How to collect sample

4. Compass
Ruler
GPS in
smartphone
hamme
r

5. Natural conditions of Do Son and Ba Vi areas
I Do Son and Kien An
areas
A: Do Son area
- About 22 km from Hai Phong city center to the
southeast
- Area: 42.37 km2
- Topography is mainly low hills with composition
sandstone and shale
- Do son is known for a large number of historial
and cultural altraction several beaches beside
hill=> Condition for development tourism
- Ba De temple, Ngoc Xuyen mountain, Hon Dau
resort, etc are the place to servey

6. B: Kien An area
- About 10km from Hai Phong city center to
the southwest
- It is surrounded by the Lach Tray and Da
Do rivers with area about 29.6 km2
- Kien An is the only distric of Hai Phong is
blessed with cities, plains, forests
- Voi mountain, Thien Van hill, Mai Nha hill
are the place to survey

7. II Ba Vi areas
Ba Vi located northwest of Hanoi with total
area of 428 km2- the largest area of Hanoi
Border with Son Tay at the East, Southeast
near Thach That, South border with Luong Son
and Phu Tho is near Ba Vi at the north, West
border with Lam Thao, Tam Nong, Thanh Thuy.
Ba Vi is an average mountain area with 3
highest peek: Vua (1296m), Tan Vien (1227m)
and Ngoc Hoa (1131m). To conclude, Ba Vi is a
slope mountain area with average slope is 35
degree or above.
There are 2 main river in this area: East –
West stream and Northwest – Southeast stream
beside a lot of small stream.
Ecosystem is abundant, including tropical,
sub-tropical animals and plants. Natural forest is
covered by many types of various vegetations.
There are 2 main seasons in Ba Vi: rain
and dry.

8. Material composition
A: Magma rock
A1 .Extrusive rocks
- Extrusive igneous rock form when lava cools and
crystallizes on the Earth’s surface. Characteristics
include:
- Fine texture
- Small grains
- Small crystals
- Dark-colored
a Ba Vi national park
a1: In the Cactus garden
There are basalt, which is weathered strongly
Basalt in the Cactus garden

9. a2: Entrance to the Thuong temple
-From gate go up 100 meters
-Boulder of volcanic rock conglomerate
format
-Basalt rocks have irons => very solid
-Appearing bedrock with high about 7
meter when go up some meter
-there are conglomerates of igneous
rock with different size
-Appearing quartz
=> Vien Nam formation

11. b: Khoang Xanh area
- Many block => feature for
mountainous areas
- Magma rocks have
different size
- Volcanic breccia rocks
=> Vien Nam formation
Volcanic Breccia in KhoangXanh area

12. In the upstream
In the
downstream

13. c: Outcrop beside the
road
-High about 5m
-Basalt is forced slab
-Rocks are weathered
strongly
-Quartz veins through
basalt
-About 50m from this
place, there are shale
with thin layer
=> Ban Diet formation

14. A2: Intrusive rocks
Form below the Earth’s surface
and cool slowly.
- Course texture
- Large grains
- Large crystals
- Light-colored

15. In the Quyt village, Yen Bai ward belonging
Ba Vi complex
+There are intrusive rock with
black or green black => mafic or ultramafic
+Fibrous silicate mineral
belonging amphibole group
+Vascular hydrothermal magmatic
eruption
+Appearing Asbestos; quartz
Rock in Quyt village
Asbestos

16. B: Metamorphic rocks
-In Hon Che area, we found
marble in the limestone
mountain
-Process metamorphism from
limestone to marble
-Marble have bright white,
yellow
=> Na Vang formation
Temperature
pressure high

17. -Some area, there are
sandstone-quartzite: Ngoc
Xuyen Mountain, the road
come back from Mai Nha hill(
near Tay Son pagoda), Voi
mountain => May be in the
future, there will be
metamorphic rocks in here

18. Clastic
sedimentary
rock sandstone
siltstone
shale
Non clastic
sedimentary rock
limestone
laterite
Sedimentary
rock
breccia
SENDIMENTARY ROCK

19.  White and milk-white
color
 large angular fragments
:1cm-5cm
 Hon Che, Na Vang
Formation
 Composition : canxite

20. b/ Gò Ma Chay:
Rounded clasts, size 4-10 cm, poor sorted, The space between the
clasts is filled with smaller particles that binds the rock together.(
red-yellow color AND loose grain because of extremely weathering)
Xóm quýt

22.  Ba De temple : ( Van Canh
Formation)
Siltstone, shale and sandstone
layers build up the out crop
Grain : fine
Color : alternated layer in red –
brown ( siltstone, sandstone) and
blue- grey ( shale)

23.  The outcrop of
boundary between
Van Canh and Van
Huong at Xom Che
Alternated thin layers of
sandstone, siltstone,
shale
Mainly is sandstone and
siltstone
Color :red – brown and
blue – grey
Sorted : well-sort (
above) and poorer-
sorted ( lower layer )
Hard rock ( lower) and
softer rock ( above)

24. Kien An Formation
Sandstone and siltstone
mainly
Orange – brown or yellow-
white color because of
weathering
Silky, loose , easy to
separate ( effect by
weathering )

25. Yen Ba(Ban Diet
Formation)
Black shale
;sandstone,
calcareous shale
containing coal
matter
Light grey, thin-
bedded cherty shale
Quatzite

26. In the field trip,
Chemical
sedimentary rock is
formed when
minerals, dissolved
in water, begin to
precipitate out of
solution and deposit
at the base of the
water body.
 Ex: limestone,
dolomite …

27. oCon Voi Mountain
oTrang Kenh
Limestone interbedded
with thin-bedded
dolomitic limestone
silicified limestone
above,
Higher altitude , finer –
grain, harder rock, more
rate of silicate but
smoother terrain : karst,
rugged rocks

28. Hon Che ( Na Vang
Formation )
Limestone: light –
yellow or white, milk-
white colour
Composition : canxite
( react to acid)
Small Crystal on the
surface

29. Laterite : red- brick color
Holes : solution Fe-oxides
When dry solid like brick
Laterite in xa Binh Yen

30.  peat
 Black color
 Loose grain
sedimentary
 weathering in the top
layer soil

31. Con Voi MountainNui Che
Do Son Resort

32. There are three main types of endogenous
process in our journey:
Magmatic activities
Tectonic activities
Metamorphism

33. Volcanism is the eruption of magma into the
surface of the Earth.
It is an endogenic process caused by the
movement of plate tectonics.

34. The evidences confirm Ba Vi had volcanic eruption
event before are:
Rock layer contains 2 layers with agglomerate on
top and bedrock on bottom (fig.1)
Fig 1. rock layer in Ba Vi

35. The
hydrothermal in
bedrock in Ba
Vi (fig 2)
The
agglomerate in
Khoang Xanh
(fig 4)
Fig 2. hydrothermal in bedrock in Ba
Vi
Fig 4. agglomerate in Khoang Xanh

36.  Tectonic activities include 3 types:
Faults are fracture in bedrock along with sliding has taken
place. There are 3 types of faults: normal faults, reverse
faults and strike-slip faults.
A joint is a break (fracture) of natural origin in the
continuity of either a layer or body of rock
Folds are bends or wave like features in layered rock.
Two basic fold geometries are common - anticlines and
synclines.

37.  In Con Voi mountain, we
observed the vertical fault. By
the tectonic activities, Con Voi
mountain are lowered while
terrigenous deposit are lifted
(fig 5)
 In Hon Dau resort, we observed
the fault system including 3
faults: 2 normal faults and 1
reverse fault
(fig 6)
Fig 6. fault system in Hon Dau resort
Fig 5. Con Voi mountain and terrigenous
deposit

38. In Khoang Xanh,
fracture system are
determined (fig)
Fig . Fracture sys tem in Khoang
Xanh

39.  In Hon Dau resort, both two basic folds – anticline and
syncline appeared (fig 6)
Fig 6. Folds in Hon Dau resort

40.  Metamorphism change in the
structure of a rock due to natural
condition such as pressure and
heat, especially when the rock
becomes harder and more
completely crystalline.
 The metamorphism occurs in Hon
Che. Limestone crystalline in
marble (fig 7)
Fig 7. Limestone crystalline in marble

41.  a, Weathering: physical and chemical change in rocks
at Earth’s surface by reaction of water, air, wind,
animal, plants,….
 It does not involve the removal of rock material.
 In our trip we observed : physical, chemical, biological
weathering processes.

42.  Physical weathering: the rocks are broken down into smaller pieces,
but the chemical composition of the rock remains the same.
Wave- eroded cobbles and boulders
at platform close to the Ba De
temple
Fracture of rock at Van
Huong
In Khoang xanh,
rocks are rounded by
reaction of flow water

43.  Chemical weathering involves the alteration of the chemical and
mineralogical composition of the weathered material.
Chemical
weathering
processes
Chemical weathering decay rock

44. Soil
Weathering crust
Oxidation - iron cation react with O2 usually dissolved in
H2O.
rock gets oxidized, it is weakened and crumbles easy to
break down.
Weathering crust is product of this process,brownish red
color (contain Fe-oxide)

45. Laterite weathering crust at Thach That dictrict
Laterite is a surface formation that is
enriched in iron and aluminum.
Laterite forms in hot, wet tropical
areas, it develops by intensive and
long-lasting weathering of the
underlying parent rock
Laterite is usually brick-red color,
dries to brick-like texture.
soil
Soil +
laterite
laterite
Bed
rock

46. An example of chemical weathering
is water dissolving limestone in Con Voi mountain.
CO2 + H2O ---- > H2CO3
H2CO3 + CaCO3 ---- > Ca(HCO3)2
Karst in Con Voi mountain
Rugger rock cause by
reaction of rain in limestone

47. Ground water forms Kart landscape in Hon Che. The
feature are cave, rough and rugged,…

48.  Biological weathering: involves the disintegration of rock
and mineral due to the chemical and/or physical agents of
an organism.
 Organic acids attack minerals by: Plant roots, Fungi,
Lichens, Bacteria
Biological weathering by reaction of plant
and moss decay rock at Bavi mountain
Animal attack rocks ịn Doson
beach

49.  b, geological activity of rivers:
 River in mountain areas: In Khoang Xanh, flow is
characterized fast, short, steep, and narrow with waterfall.
 Erosion is main process that occur in this part, carry out
sediment and fragment.
Stream at Khoang Xanh, Suối Tiên

50.  River in midland areas:
 Đà River is dominated by Erosion and deposition processes, flows
more slowly and its channels erode wider than river in upper course.
Erosiondeposition
Rock head on Da river bank form

51.  River in delta areas:
 In the middle reaches where a river flows over flatter
land, meanders may form through erosion of the river banks and
deposition on the inside of bends. Sometimes the river will cut off a
loop, shortening the channel and forming an oxbow lake
 A river with a low gradient and low erosive energy.
Đa Độ river

52. c, geological marine activities
There are 3 geological activities occur due to the
sea wave: transportation, erosion, and
deposition.
deposition Erosion

53. P.g Sea cliff behind Bà Đế Temple
Wave Erosion: Runoff,
streams, and rivers carry
sediment to the oceans. The
sediment in ocean water
acts like sandpaper. Over
time, they erode the shore.
The bigger the waves are
and the more sediment they
carry, the more erosion they
cause.
Wave erosion cause sea cliff
and shoreline.

54. Deposition: Waves will spread the sediments
along the coastline to create a beach. Waves
also erode sediments from cliffs and shorelines
and transport them onto beaches

55. Diagonal bedding due to activies of direct flow in the past,
in Van Huong and Do Son beach.

56.  exposed in both Ba Vi and Do Son. Limastone is the main buiding
material beside some apllication.
 At Ba Vi, Hon Che mountain contain mostly limestone and being
used to serving buiding material

57.  Mostly appearence in Kien An
 Limestone is main source to produce cements
 Structure of black limestone is hardness .it used to serving buiding
material,,,
Con Voi mountain contain great amount of limestone but this area still being
preseved.

58.  Occurence in Do Son-Kien An
 it used to serving buiding because it is hardness
 Shale is product of weathering and main resource produced brick
Quarzite in Van Huong

59.  Laterite is biochemical sedimentary.
 Product of weathering process and disslove anion.
 In province Binh yen , human used to bulding house and other activities.
 Laterite is very cheap.In the future ,we can found out the way to enhance
cost.

60.  Ba De temple is one of spiritual destinations. Human built temple on hill
. Marine geological activities altered shape.

61.  hydrothermal circuit go up following fractures.Amiang formed by this
process. It is very reliable and undistroy.
 It is very virulent and used the most in the industry with chemical
composition.

62.  Con voi mountain in An Lao district is tourist attractions.
 Here is famous relic and contains many cultural values.Beside, it is
special cultural of coastal residents.
 The system caves has stalagmite and other shape.

63.  Both the travel service and history of our life.
 Famous location in Hai phong province.

64.  Has natural condition specially ,topography,climate....
 This location is one of four ecotourism destinations in our country.
 Destination of wild and rare animals.Here is biodiversity conservation of
Ba Vi.

65.  Mountain land and limestone is wide distribution in Ba Vi district
 The result of tectonic movements appear occrured the Late Triassic End.
 Archeology was show history of nation.

66.  Materpiece of natural formed by geological
activities.
 Che mountians be like outcrop on
background.
 Limestone occured permian.it make different
with other location.
 Hon che is legend of Son Tinh and Thuy
Tinh.
 It is one of part of Ha Long

67.  Vertical blocking basalt rocks of the Vien Nam formation at Da Chong
area.
 Has aesthetic value by geological activities of Da river.

68.  Tourist attractions by geological
activities of streams ,weathering
process and fracture systems. It make
a good chance for people closed to
nature.
 The travel survice bring
significant economic value.