1. BIO-ENERGY IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
314554
Trimester 1/2012
School of biotechnology
Institute of Agriculture Technology
Suranaree University of Technology
Jiraphorn Lubsungnoen ID. M5430116
2. Introduction
What is energy ??
Energy is ability to do work. The energy
can take a wide variety of forms heat
(thermal), light (radiant), mechanical,
electrical, chemical, and nuclear energy.
3. • These sources are divided into two groups
renewable (an energy source that we can use
over and over again)
and nonrenewable/conventional (an energy
source that we are using up and cannot
recreate in a short period of time).
• Renewable energy sources
include solar energy (which comes from the
sun and can be turned into electricity and
heat), wind energy, geothermal energy (from
inside the earth), biomass from plants,
and hydropower from water are also
renewable energy sources.
4. • However, we get most of our energy
from nonrenewable energy sources,
which include the fossil
fuels oil, natural gas, and coal.
•
6. Energy Management
• Energy management is a term that has
a number of meanings, but we're
mainly concerned with the one that
relates to saving energy.
7. • Energy management is key to helping
organizations improve energy
efficiency, reduce greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions and drive down
energy costs.
• Energy management is defined as the
techniques, processes and activity
which drive more efficient energy use.
8. Use of energy efficiency
• Energy consumption design and planning
that suitable for use. Development of
energy policy.
• Consumers are understand for manage
about energy consumption.
• Key of the energy consumption is use
energy to a minimum but achieve
according to all requirement and include
the recycling of excess energy
9. Energy consumption design
and planning
• 1 Energy Management
• 2 Energy Optimization
• 3 Optimum Energy Efficiency
• 4 System Efficiency
• 5 Passive Measures
• 6 Dynamic Measures
•
10. • Energy management allows for a
reduction in costs, carbon emissions
and risk, ensuring the efficient use of
energy consumption.
11. Necessity of Energy Management
• Energy management is the key to
saving energy.
• Much of the importance of energy
saving stems from the global need to
save energy - this global need affects
energy prices and legislation,
all of which lead to several compelling
reasons why you should save energy.
12. • Energy Management is necessarily
required because it influences a
number of aspects of company
operation and activities including the
following:
• - Energy costs which affect the
company profitability
• - Energy costs which affect the
competitiveness in the world market
13. • National energy supply/demand
balance
• - National trade and financial balance
• - Local and global environments
• - Occupational safety and health
• - Loss prevention and waste disposal
reduction
• - Productivity
• - Quality
14. Energy conservation
• Energy conservation refers to efforts
made to reduce energy consumption.
• Energy conservation can be achieved
through increased efficient energy use,
in conjunction with decreased energy
consumption and/or reduced
consumption from conventional energy
sources.
15. • Energy conservation can result in
increased financial capital,
environmental quality, national security,
personal security, and human comfort.
• Individuals and organizations that are
direct consumers of energy choose to
conserve energy to reduce energy costs
and promote economic security.
16. • Energy needs to be conserved to
protect our environment from drastic
changes, to save the depleting
resources for our future generations.
17. Way of energy management
• Demand side management
• Supply side management
18. Concept of energy management
• Certain policy
• - Clear plan
• - Define responsible
Monitoring of operations
Preparing for data collection
Data collection of the result
obtained
Evaluate and compare with targets
19. Energy management system
• Energy management systems – Requirements with guidance
for use, is a voluntary International Standard developed by ISO
(International Organization for Standardization).
• ISO 50001 gives organizations the requirements for energy
management systems (EnMS).
• ISO 50001 provides benefits for organizations large and small, in both
public and private sectors, in manufacturing and services, in all
regions of the world.
• ISO 50001 will establish a framework for industrial plants ;
commercial, institutional, and governmental facilities ; and entire
organizations to manage energy. Targeting broad applicability across
national economic sectors, it is estimated that the standard could
influence up to 60 % of the world’s energy use.
20. ISO 50001 — What will it do ?
• The standard is intended to accomplish the following :
• Assist organizations in making better use of their existing
energy consuming assets
• Create transparency and facilitate communication on the
management of energy resources
• Promote energy management best practices and reinforce
good energy management behaviors
• Assist facilities in evaluating and prioritizing the
implementation of new energy-efficient technologies
• Provide a framework for promoting energy efficiency
throughout the supply chain
• Facilitate energy management improvements for greenhouse
gas emission reduction projects
• Allow integration with other organizational management
systems such as environmental, and health and safety.
21. Benefit of energy management
• Direct benefit
Organizing benefit
National benefit
Global benefit
• By product or Side effect
Environment control
Personal development
Machinery efficiency maintaining
Honk and society
23. Energy problematic in the future
• The world demand for energy is rapidly
increasing. We need energy to warm
our homes, to cook our meals, to travel
and communicate, and to power our
factories.
24. • The world energy demand is increasing
due to population growth and to rising
living standards. World population in
doubling about every thirty-five years,
though the rate of growth is very different
in different countries.
• The world energy use is doubling every
fourteen years and the need is increasing
faster still. One of the main energy
sources is oil and the rate of production
is expected to peak in the next few years.
26. • World Energy Consumption
• According to U.S. Energy Information
Administration (EIA), the demand for global
energy is projected to grow 44% between
2005 and 2030, driven by robust economic
growth and expanding populations in the
world's developing countries.
27. • It has also been reported that the
dependence on coal has increased
sharply by the developing countries in
the last few years and will continue to
increase unless these nations change
their existing laws and strategies and
particularly those related
to greenhouse gas emissions.
28.
29. • Global Energy Growth
• British Petroleum (BP) recently
released their highly respected annual
Statistical Review of World Energy for
2011. Most of the news stories on the
report have focused on the
exceptionally strong growth in global
energy consumption.
30. • The world’s energy continues to evolve
• Energy developments
• World primary energy consumption grew
by 2.5% in 2011, roughly in line with
the10-year average.
• Consumption in OECD countries fell by
0.8%, the third decline in the past four
years. Non-OECD consumption grew by
5.3%, in line with the 10-year average.
31. • Global consumption growth
decelerated in 2011 for all fuels, as did
total energy consumption for all
regions.
• Oil remains the world’s leading fuel, at
33.1% of global energy consumption.
33. • Global oil trade in 2011 grew by 2%, or 1.1
million b/d. At 54.6 million b/d, trade
accounted for 62% of global consumption, up
from 58% a decade ago.
• China accounted for roughly two-thirds of the
growth in trade last year, with net imports (6
million b/d) rising by 13%.
• US net imports were 29% below their 2005
peak. Middle East countries accounted for
81% of the growth in exports last year. While
crude oil accounted for 70% of global trade in
2011, refined products accounted for two-
thirds of the growth in global trade last year.
35. • Global oil consumption grew by a
below-average 0.6 million barrels per
day (b/d), or 0.7%.
• This was once again the weakest
global growth rate among fossil fuels.
OECD consumption declined by 1.2%
(600,000 b/d).Outside the OECD,
consumption grew by 1.2 million b/d, or
2.8%.
37. • World natural gas consumption grew
by 2.2%. Consumption growth was
below average in all regions except
North America, where low prices drove
robust growth.
38. • Global natural gas production grew by 3.1%.
The US (+7.7%) recorded the largest
volumetric increase despite lower gas prices,
and remained the world’s largest producer.
• Output also grew rapidly in Qatar (+25.8%),
Russia (+3.1%) and Turkmenistan (+40.6%),
more than offsetting declines in Libya (-75.6%)
and the UK (-20.8%). As was the case for
consumption,
• EU recorded the largest decline in gas
production on record (-11.4%), due to a
combination of mature fields, maintenance,
and weak regional consumption.
41. • Coal consumption grew by 5.4% in
2011.
• Coal now accounts for 30.3% of global
energy consumption, the highest share
since 1969. Consumption outside the
OECD rose by an above-average 8.4%,
led by Chinese consumption growth of
9.7%. OECD consumption declined by
1.1% with losses in the US and Japan
offsetting growth in Europe.
42. • Global coal production grew by 6.1%,
with non-OECD countries accounting
for virtually all of the growth and China
(+8.8%).
45. • Renewable energy sources saw
mixed results in 2011. Global
biofuels production stagnated,
rising by just 0.7% or 10,000
barrels per day oil equivalent.
46. Energy situation in Thailand 2011
Thailand‘s final energy consumption in 2011
increased 0.4 % from the previous year at decelerate
rate due to severe flood by the end of latest year
48. Final energy consumption
by economic sector
• For final energy consumption by economic sector, the greatest
share of 36% was from energy consumed in industrial sector,
followed by transportation sector, commercial sector and
agriculture sector shared 35.7% ,15.5% ,7.6% and 5.2%
respectively.
49. • The use of domestic alternative energy
such as solar energy, wind energy,
hydro energy, biomass, biogas,
garbage, biofuel (ethanol and
biodiesel) and NGV, driven by the
15-Year Alternative Energy
Development plan, increased 19.4%
from the previous year and sharing
12.1% of the total final energy
consumption.
50. Consumption of electricity energy, heat/thermal energy, biofuel
(ethanol and biodiesel) produced from domestic alternative
energy and NGV shared 11.6%, 53.0%, 11.5% and 23.9%
respectively.
52. Demographics and economic
expansion drive energy demand
• The world’s population will rise by
more than 25 percent from 2010 to
2040, reaching nearly 9 billion people.
• Population and economic growth are
key factors behind increasing demand
for energy
53. • Non OECD (Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development) will see a
steep rise in population, but demographics
also shape energy demand
• global energy demand rising by about
30 percent from 2010 to 2040. By 2040.
• But population growth is slowing. In some
places – many OECD countries, plus China
– populations will change little by 2040.
54. • This global deceleration, coupled with
gains in energy efficiency, will further
the significant slowdown in energy
demand growth that has been under
way for decades.
55. • Non OECD economies will grow much
faster, at almost 4.5 percent a year.
This economic growth – and the
improved living standards it enables –
will require more energy.
57. Nonrenewable Energy
Resources Depletion
• Negative effects of economic growth. It may
be that economic growth improves the quality
of life up to a point, after which it doesn't
improve the quality of life, but rather obstructs
sustainable living.
• Historically, sustained growth has reached its
limits (and turned to catastrophic decline)
when perturbations to the environmental
system last long enough to destabilize the
bases of a culture.
58. • Resource depletion is an economic term
referring to the exhaustion of raw
materials within a region.
• Resources are commonly divided
between renewable resources and
non-renewable resources.
• Use of either of these forms of resources
beyond their rate of replacement is
considered to be resource depletion.
Resource depletion is most commonly
used in reference
to farming, fishing, mining, and fossil fuels.
60. Energy prices will rise
• Energy prices will rise, substitutes will
be found, and prices will come back
down again, perhaps settling at a
somewhat higher equilibrium
reflecting the cost of producing the
substitute energy source.
61. • Most of the time, oil prices will end up
in the uncomfortable middle--too high
for the economy to buzz along, but too
low to encourage much new oil
production, or much new renewable
production.
• The result is likely to be continuing
recession, getting worse over time,
because of what will be generally
viewed as inadequate demand for oil.
