2. Time is critical
• > 300,000 people experience sudden cardiac
death in prehospital settings each year.
• If resuscitation begins within a few
minutes, many of these individuals have a
chance for survival.
epidemiologi
2
3. Time is Critical!
• To begin resuscitation within a few minutes:
• Patient’s collapse witnessed
• EMS immediately activated
• CPR started immediately
• Defibrillation within minutes
3
4. Review of the Circulatory System
What is the function of the
circulatory system?
4
10. Heart Physiology
• LV contracts – sends wave of blood
• Pressure wave felt as pulse
• No contraction = No blood flow = cardiac
arrest
10
11. Time is Critical!
• Brain damage begins
in 4–6 min
• Brain damage
irreversible in 8–10
min
Circulation must be
restored within 4–
6 minutes.
11
12. CPR
• Provides minimal amount of
circulation/oxygenation until cause of cardiac
arrest corrected
• External chest compressions circulate blood
• Artificial ventilations provide O2 to lungs
12
16. AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION:
2010 GUIDELINES
Health Care Provider*
“PUSH HARD AND PUSH FAST”
At least 100 COMPRESSIONS / MINUTE*
Allow the chest to recoil -- equal compression and relaxation times
<10 seconds for pulse checks or rescue breaths
Compression Depth*
Adults 2”
Child/Infant 1/3 depth of chest 1.5" infant 2" child
Avoid excessive ventilations
16
17. A-B-C changed to C-A-B*
Critical element is chest compressions
Delay in A-B
Avoidance of A & B
Early defib
If alone--call and retrieve AED
Exception asphyxial arrest
AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION:
2010 GUIDELINES
17
19. • Cricoid pressure not recommended
• Advanced airway = 1 every 6-8 seconds
• Adult: 1 every 5-6 Peds: 1 every 3
• With advanced airway- no pause
AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION:
2010 GUIDELINES
19
52. Summary
• Continual beating, or contracting, of the heart
is necessary to keep blood circulating
throughout the body.
• Brain damage begins in 4 to 6 minutes of
cardiac arrest.
• There are many causes of sudden cardiac
death, but the most common is ventricular
fibrillation.
52
53. Summary
• Survival from cardiac arrest depends on the
sequence (chain) of survival.
• Rescuers are critically important in
maintaining the sequence (chain) of survival.
53