just a common one..

2. Mostly in Malaysia, the
pedestrian bridges were
built from composite
beam, steel beam and
reinforced concrete
beam.They are usually the
fastest way and easily to
built however they also
can contribute to
unsustainable beam and
no longer long lasting
pedestrian bridges such
as the reinforcement of
the concrete which is the
steel without difficulty to
corrode and damaged
Glulam or glue laminated
timber is used in
construction of structure
such as building or
bridges instead use of
steel or reinforced
concrete. Glulam used for
structural as a green
concept towards the green
technology. It also suitable
for sustainable
development for
pedestrian bridge because
it has higher tensile
strength compared to the
steel

3. There are some disadvantages of the
conventional bridge such as steel bridge and
will contribute to higher greenhouse gas
emission in manufacturing the steel to produce
the beam. They also are costly in manufacturing
and to make sure the bridge are long- lasting.
They also can corrode easily if no precaution
action will be taken
Hence, the glulam bridge beam can overcome the
disadvantages of the conventional bridge by reducing
the cost in manufacturing because glulam come from
natural sources. Glulam are made from wood which is
renewable resources because when cutting the tree it
can be planted again. It also can reduce the greenhouse
gas emission in manufacturing.
The grip of the pedestrian subjected to the bridge is
focused in this study. The stress due to vertical live
loading will cause the Glulam beam fail if it reaches to
elastic limit

4. 
To carry out a modeling analysis of the
structural behavior of Glulam beam of
50 metre pedestrian bridge subjected
under vertical live load based on
BD37/01 using finite element software
namely London University Stress
Analysis System and also known as
LUSAS

6. BRIDGE
DESIGNING
GLULAM
CONSTRUCTI
ON
PEDESTRIAN
BRIDGE
GLULAM
TIMBER
PEDESTRIAN
BRIDGE

7. 
Bridge is a structure that built for
people or vehicles to cross over the
barrier for instance the road, the river,
and the railway. Bridge also can be
changeable in its designing and can be
design based on the function of the
invention of the bridge (P. J. S Cruz,
2009).

8. 
Pedestrian bridge also namely as foot
bridge is built for the people to walk on
such as to cross over the congestion of
the traffic and without disturbing the
traffic and crossing the road safely
(Rhode-Barbarigos, 2010).

9. 
From the previous period of 37 years
before, there are many uses of timber
for pedestrian bridge are built for main
road and municipal travel road.
(Stefano Battocchi and Andrea
Polastri, 2006).

10. 
In the engineered wood construction, glue
laminated timber contribute in redefining
the potential. The structural usefulness of a
renewable resources such as wood can be
optimizes by the glulam as an engineered
wood product. The members of the glulam
are consisted of the individual pieces of
dimension lumber. Glulam are tougher than
steel and it is meaning that beam for glulam
can has long distances of the span without
maximal need for the support at the
intermediate. (John Blaustein, 2008).

11. 

The loadings of the bridge are usually
design based on Eurocode 5 or BD
37/01, which is the design manual for
roads and bridges.
In our country, the designing of the
structural for timber is based on
Malaysian Standard (MS 544).

12. Author
Year
Title
Objective
Findings
Stefano
Battocchi &
Andrea Polastri
2006
Pedestrian timber bridges
with glulam beams and LVL
deck
To have a confirmation
that the simplified
schemes adopted in hand
calculations are correct
and on the safe side and
to make a realistic
analysis of the mechanical
response either of the
entire structures or its
individual components, in
the various significant load
combinations
The effects of the
concentrated load that
acts over the deck of
the bridge cannot be
solved by simplified
hand calculations, and
finite element models
must be developed to
get a correct solution.
Baidar Bakht
1988
Load distribution in laminated
timber decks
To review the current
methods and where
appropriate, propose new
ones for analyzing the
load distribution effects in
transverse laminated
decks subjected to
concentrated wheel loads
Improvement in load
distribution
characteristics in
laminated decks, due to
either gluing or
prestressing the
laminates together can
be quantified readily by
using the simplified
methods

13. Nominal pedestrian load based on BD37/01
as follow :
For loaded lengths in excess of 36m , k × 5.0
kN/m2 where k is the nominal HA UDL for
appropriate loaded length (in kN/m) × 10
For loaded lengths of 36m and under, a
uniformly distributed live load of 5.0 kN/m2
Displacement due to temperature :
∆L = ɑ (∆T) L
Where :
L = Span length
ɑ = Coefficient of thermal expansion
(∆T) = Changes in temperature

15. Highest
Stress Value
Location of
Highest
Stress Value
Highest
Strain Value
Location of
Highest
Strain Value
Shear
Behavior

16. 




Ander Gustafsson, Anna Pousette, Niclas Bjorngrim .
(2010). Health Monitoring of Timber Bridges. International
Conference on Timber Bridges.
Baidar Bakht, Member, ASCE. (1988). Load Distribution in
Laminated Timber Decks. Journal of Bridge Engineering
@ ASCE.
P.J.S. Cruz, R. Salgado, J.M. Branco. (2010). Dynamic
Analysis and Structural Evaluation of GOIS Footbridge.
University of Minho, Portugal.
Rhode-Barbarigos, L., Bel Hadj Ali, N., Motro, R. and
Smith, I.F.C. (2010). Designing Tesengrity Modules for
Pedestrian Bridges. Structural Engineering Institute,
Switzerland.
Steffano Battochi & Andrea Polastri. (2006). Pedestrian
Timber Bridges with Glulam Beams and LVL Deck.
Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden.