1. Autotroph and Heterotroph Bacteria By • Aji C.Wicaksono • Amin Tan Tara • Inra Sari • Tri Srihani • Tri Sulistyorini

2. Autotroph Bacteria Autotroph Bacteria is a bacteria that produces complex organic compounds from simple inorganic molecules using energy from light or inorganic chemical reactions. Autotroph Bacteria that obtains carbon from organic compounds but obtains energy from light is called a photoautotroph , while Autotroph Bacteria that obtains carbon from organic compounds but obtains energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds is termed a chemoautotroph .

3. Photoautotroph Bacteria Photoautotroph Bacteria is a bacteria that carry out photosynthesis . Energy from sunlight , carbon dioxide and water are converted into organic materials. Photosynthetic bacteria have a substance called bacteriochlorophyll , live in lakes and pools, and use the hydrogen from hydrogen sulfide instead of from water, for the chemical process. (The bacteriochlorophyll pigment absorbs light in the extreme UV and infra-red parts of the spectrum which is outside the range used by normal chlorophyll ).

4. Bacteriochlorophyll Thiocystis sp. Photoautotroph Bacteria

5. Chemoautotroph Bacteria is a bacteria that obtain energy from chemical reactions , synthesize all necessary organic compounds from carbon dioxide . Most Chemoautotroph Bacteria live in hostile environments such as deep sea vents and are the primary producers in such ecosystems . Chemoautotroph Bacteria

6. Nitrosomonas is a genus of ammonia-oxidizing proteobacteria. They are important players in wastewater treatment plants, where they get rid of excess ammonia by converting it to nitrite. Nitrosomonas Nitrosococcus is a small genus of marine, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. They are primarily found in brackish water environments, but recently strains were isolated in wastewater. A species of this bacteria were first isolated in 1965 and was called Nitrosocystis oceanus , which later changed to Nitrosococcus oceani , the name by which it is now known. Nitrosococcus Chemoautotroph Bacteria

7. Chemoautotroph Bacteria Gallionella Gallionella ferruginea is an iron-oxidizing chemolithotrophic bacterium that has been found in a variety of different aquatic habitats. It has been known for 150 years that these bacteria play an important part in oxidizing and fixing iron.

8. Heterotroph Bacteria Heterotroph Bacteria , is a bacteria that requires organic substrates to get its chemical energy for growth and development. Heterotroph Bacteria is divided into 4 types: • Parasite Bacteria • Saprophyte Bacteria • Pathogen Bacteria • NonPathogen Bacteria

9. Parasite Bacteria Parasite Bacteria is a bacteria that obtain energy from it’s host. It lives in human, animal, or plant. If it causes disease to it’s host, it is called pathogen. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a acid fast bacteria, which can form acid-stable complexes when certain arylmethane dyes are added. Bacillus anthracis Bacillus anthracis is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, 1 - 1.2µm in width and 3 - 5µm in length. It lives in soils worldwide at mesophilic temperatures

10. Parasite Bacteria Clostridium tetani Clostridium tetani is a rod shaped Gram-positive bacterium. The rods arrange themselves as pairs and chains as well as single cells. It is usually found in soil and feces. This bacterium is present on all continents of the earth except Antarctica.

11. Saprophyte Bacteria Escherichia coli E. coli is an aerobic, gram-negative, rod shaped bacteria that can be commonly found in animal feces, lower intestines of mammals, and even on the edge of hot springs. Lactobacillus bulgaricus Lactobacillus bulgaricus is a bacteria that used for yoghurt production. Saprophyte Bacteria is a bacteria that obtain nutrients from dead organic matter.

12. Pathogen Bacteria Pathogen Bacteria , is a bacteria that causes disease or illness to its host Neisseria gonorrhoeae N. gonorrhoeae is highly efficient in using transferrin-bound iron for in vitro growth. Many strains can also utilize lactoferrin-bound iron. The bacteria bind only human transferrin and lactoferrin. This specificity is thought to be the reason these bacteria are exclusively human pathogens.

13. Escherichia coli Most E. coli live in our intestines, where they help our body breakdown the food we eat as well as assist with waste processing, vitamin K production, and food absorption. NonPathogen Bacteria is a bacteria that doesn’t causes disease or illness to its host NonPathogen Bacteria

14. Thank you for your attention!!