Education, occupation, and income are the main indicators of social mobility. Education provides opportunities for upward mobility and helps individuals gain credentials for better jobs. Occupation determines social status, and income level influences an individual's social position. There are different types of social mobility, including upward mobility to higher statuses, downward mobility, and horizontal or geographic mobility without changes in status. Intergenerational mobility involves changes across generations, while intragenerational mobility refers to changes within one's lifetime. Social mobility benefits societies by allowing the most able individuals to fill positions regardless of background.
First published in 1915 Second Edition 1976. This book is copyright under the Berne Convention. All rights are reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, 1956, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Enquiries should be addressed to the publishers.
The document discusses issues around women's reproductive rights and health. It covers topics like family planning, maternal mortality, contraceptives, and challenges women face in controlling their reproductive choices due to male partners, governments, corporations, and religious organizations. Reproductive freedom is critical to women's equality and empowerment, but reproductive health problems remain leading causes of ill health and death for women of child-bearing age globally.
This document discusses laws and policies related to women, persons with disabilities, senior citizens, and victims of domestic violence in the Philippines. It outlines key terms, government programs that provide services and assistance, laws such as the Magna Carta for Persons with Disability and expanded benefits and protections for senior citizens and persons with disabilities. It also defines different types of domestic violence experienced by women, including physical, sexual, and psychological abuse.
This document summarizes Pakistan's historical commitments and policies related to promoting gender equality. It discusses international commitments beginning in 1946 with the Commission on the Status of Women. It then outlines Pakistan's national commitments including protecting women's rights in the 1973 constitution. The document also summarizes several national policies and frameworks established over the years to promote gender, such as the National Plan of Action for Women in 1998 and the National Policy for Empowerment and Development of Women in 2002. It highlights some improvements made but also notes that progress on commitments like CEDAW has been poor.
The topic discussed here is about the Reproductive health, Population, Overpopulation, Population Growth curves :Demography, causes of overpopulation, Birth control methods, Family planning, Measures adopted for family planning, Sexually Transmitted diseases
The document discusses gender, sex, reproductive health, and reproductive rights. It defines gender as a social construct that determines masculinity and femininity, while sex is a biological designation of male or female. Reproductive health involves physical, mental and social well-being in matters relating to reproduction. Reproductive rights include the right to decide if and when to have children.
Education, occupation, and income are the main indicators of social mobility. Education provides opportunities for upward mobility and helps individuals gain credentials for better jobs. Occupation determines social status, and income level influences an individual's social position. There are different types of social mobility, including upward mobility to higher statuses, downward mobility, and horizontal or geographic mobility without changes in status. Intergenerational mobility involves changes across generations, while intragenerational mobility refers to changes within one's lifetime. Social mobility benefits societies by allowing the most able individuals to fill positions regardless of background.
First published in 1915 Second Edition 1976. This book is copyright under the Berne Convention. All rights are reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, 1956, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Enquiries should be addressed to the publishers.
The document discusses issues around women's reproductive rights and health. It covers topics like family planning, maternal mortality, contraceptives, and challenges women face in controlling their reproductive choices due to male partners, governments, corporations, and religious organizations. Reproductive freedom is critical to women's equality and empowerment, but reproductive health problems remain leading causes of ill health and death for women of child-bearing age globally.
This document discusses laws and policies related to women, persons with disabilities, senior citizens, and victims of domestic violence in the Philippines. It outlines key terms, government programs that provide services and assistance, laws such as the Magna Carta for Persons with Disability and expanded benefits and protections for senior citizens and persons with disabilities. It also defines different types of domestic violence experienced by women, including physical, sexual, and psychological abuse.
This document summarizes Pakistan's historical commitments and policies related to promoting gender equality. It discusses international commitments beginning in 1946 with the Commission on the Status of Women. It then outlines Pakistan's national commitments including protecting women's rights in the 1973 constitution. The document also summarizes several national policies and frameworks established over the years to promote gender, such as the National Plan of Action for Women in 1998 and the National Policy for Empowerment and Development of Women in 2002. It highlights some improvements made but also notes that progress on commitments like CEDAW has been poor.
The topic discussed here is about the Reproductive health, Population, Overpopulation, Population Growth curves :Demography, causes of overpopulation, Birth control methods, Family planning, Measures adopted for family planning, Sexually Transmitted diseases
The document discusses gender, sex, reproductive health, and reproductive rights. It defines gender as a social construct that determines masculinity and femininity, while sex is a biological designation of male or female. Reproductive health involves physical, mental and social well-being in matters relating to reproduction. Reproductive rights include the right to decide if and when to have children.
This document discusses gender disparity in education in Pakistan. It begins by defining key terms like gender, disparity, and gender disparity. It then provides data showing literacy rates are significantly higher for males (72.5%) than females (51.8%) in Pakistan. Several factors that contribute to this gender gap in education are discussed, such as safety concerns, lack of access to schools, economic conditions, and social norms. The document concludes by outlining some steps that could be taken to help reduce gender disparity in education, such as empowering women and girls, stopping child marriage, and encouraging girls to pursue non-traditional vocations.
This document provides an introduction to the field of sociology. It defines sociology as the scientific study of human society and social behavior, with a focus on how social context and group memberships influence individuals. Key concepts discussed include social location, social imagination, social facts, and socialization. The origins of sociology in the 19th century are reviewed. Important early sociologists presented include Comte, Martineau, Spencer, Marx, Durkheim, Weber, Addams, and Du Bois. The three major theoretical perspectives in sociology - functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism - are introduced along with levels of analysis.
This document defines and discusses reproductive health. It covers sexually transmitted diseases, unsafe abortion, gender-based violence, harmful practices like female genital mutilation, infertility, family planning, and maternal and child health. Reproductive health deals with reproductive processes throughout life and aims for complete physical, mental and social well-being. It addresses issues like sexually transmitted infection prevention and management, unsafe abortion prevention, gender-based violence prevention, and more.
Womenimpowerment ppt महिला सशक्तिकरण पीपीटीRAVIKUMARRAV
This document discusses women's empowerment in India. It begins by defining women's empowerment and outlining its importance. It then discusses the historical status of women in India, noting they had higher status in ancient times but lower status and more restrictions in medieval times. The current situation is presented as an improvement over the past but still with ongoing issues like domestic violence and rape. The document argues that women play vital roles in society and empowering them could boost India's economy and development. It concludes that empowered women can contribute greatly but that social attitudes still need to change to achieve full equality and opportunities for women.
The document discusses women's empowerment in India. It defines empowerment as increasing spiritual, social, and economic strength of individuals and communities. The goals are to create an environment for women's full development through policies, ensure enjoyment of fundamental rights, and equal access to healthcare, education, employment, and security. It also discusses legislative measures to protect women's rights, economic empowerment through poverty reduction and microcredit, social empowerment via education and health, and political empowerment through quotas in government.
The conflict perspective views society as made up of groups competing for limited resources that are unevenly distributed, which causes tensions and conflicts that become agents of social change. It was originated by Karl Marx and later expanded on by C. Wright Mills, who argued that societies inherently have conflicts due to unequal distributions of power and wealth where dominant groups control social structures. Mills agreed with Marxist views of the importance of conflict in society.
This document discusses reproductive health and strategies to promote proper reproductive health. It explains that reproductive health is most important during the reproductive stage of life when sex hormones are high and individuals need to produce offspring. Some key issues addressed are family planning, risks of pregnancy before age 18, the need for quality medical care during pregnancy and childbirth, and increasing awareness of reproductive health through various means such as sex education. The document also discusses population growth theories and strategies for population control such as family planning, birth control, and public awareness campaigns.
Social mobility mean any transition of an individual from one position to another in a constellation of social group and strata (Sorokin).
Social mobility is the movement of a person from one social group to another social group (Headrick).
Social mobility means movement from one social class to another involving the consolidating of the various elements of the new social position, including occupation, income, type of house, neighbourhood, new friends, and new organisational membership (Havighurst and Neugarten)
. Types of Social Mobility
Horizontal Social Mobility-position of the person changes, but its salary, prestige, grade and other privileges remain the same.
Vertical Social Mobility-means achieving lower to higher , higher to lower social status and prestige
Horizontal Social Mobility
Occupational Mobility
Interreligious Mobility
Inter-group Mobility
Family Mobility
Territorial Mobility
Party Mobility
International Mobility
Vertical Social Mobility
Ascending Social Mobility
Descending Social Mobility
Generally ascending and descending social mobility is seen in economic, political and occupational field.
Factors Influencing Social Mobility
Administrative set up ( democratic set up)
Aspirational level
Demographic structure ( migration of people)
Industrial automation ( unemployment as well as creation of more job opportunities)
Development of education
Economic success
Occupational improvement
Structure of society-( open/ closed)
Merits of Social Mobility
Wholesome development of individual
Development of social efficiency and social progress
Remedy of maladjustment
Higher position of deserving persons
Progress of society towards stability
Promotion of national solidarity
Development of welfare and happiness
Demerits of Social Mobility
Constant discontent of individual with social order
Disorder in rural and urban societies
Development of pride and snobbery in individuals
Education and Social Mobility
Social Mobility of Students
Amount of Education
Educational Curriculum ( Arts/ Science)
Academic Achievement ( higher achievement, research work ,etc.)
Importance of educational institution
Social Mobility of Teachers ( professional development)
This document discusses women empowerment in India. It defines women empowerment as making women independent in their mind, thoughts, rights, and decisions by removing social and family limitations. It discusses women's fundamental rights like equality, non-discrimination, equal pay, dignity, and independence in decisions. It also discusses India's commitments to international conventions on women's rights and improving conditions in rural areas through education and job opportunities. Key indicators of women empowerment mentioned are increased self-esteem, decision making power, and changes in quantitative metrics like literacy rates, sex ratio, and life expectancy.
Social inequality refers to unequal status or access to goods and services among people in a society. It can include unequal access to voting rights, freedom of speech, property rights, education, healthcare, housing, transportation, and other social benefits. Social inequality is also seen in unequal family and neighborhood conditions, occupations, job satisfaction, and access to credit, and is linked to racial, gender, and wealth inequality.
Final women's rights and children's rights pptCarlos & Irene
The document discusses women's rights and gender equality over time. It provides historical images and asks questions about the traditional roles of women, such as not being able to work outside the home or wear mini-skirts. It then discusses how women's roles changed during World War 1 when they began working in factories and fighting in the war. The next section summarizes the achievements of the "Famous Five" Canadian women who campaigned for women's suffrage in the early 20th century. It lists the members and some of their biographical details and accomplishments in advocating for equal rights for women in Canada.
Socio economic obstacles of women empowerment in rural bangladeshAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the socio-economic obstacles to women's empowerment in rural Bangladesh. Some key findings of the study include:
1) 24% of families restrict women from attending school and 40% of adolescent women have their higher education threatened by family restrictions.
2) 30.4% of women face early marriage which prevents their education.
3) 53.6% of guardians in the study area are illiterate and lack knowledge about the importance of women's empowerment and education.
4) Various social, religious, and economic factors obstruct women's empowerment in the rural area studied. The document aims to identify obstacles and inform policies to promote women's education and
KAMRAN ISHFAQ, PHD SCHOLAR SOCIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN, SOCIAL WELFARE OFFICER, CHILDREN HOSPITAL AND THE INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH MULTAN PAKISTAN.
The document discusses the portrayal of women in Indian media and the need for more positive depictions. It notes that while women's participation and decision-making has increased in India, overall conditions are still not good. The media often depicts women as religiously intolerant and politically immature. There is a need for more articles on career opportunities, health, entrepreneurship, legal aid, and other services to help empower women and create positive change in society. Positive depictions of women in mass media could help reconstruct social perceptions as the world becomes more globally connected.
The United Nations defines women's empowerment as having 5 components: a woman's sense of self-worth; her right to make choices and have opportunities; her right to control her own life both inside and outside the home; her ability to influence social change; and her access to resources. The document states that empowering women by giving them equal choices and opportunities will lead to growth in entrepreneurship, management, and other sectors, bringing vast change and growth to society. It calls for continuous efforts from all parts of society to better the lives of women.
The document discusses how gender is a social construct determined by culture and society, rather than a biological category. It defines gender as the sociological expectations, roles, behaviors, and identities assigned to men and women in a given culture. Gender construction begins at birth and is reinforced through parenting, work roles, and life experiences that shape one's feelings, skills, and ways of being to fit masculine or feminine norms. This socialization process constitutes how gender is socially constructed rather than flowing automatically from biological sex.
This document discusses the history of women's suffrage and representation in politics and public life in the United Kingdom. It notes key dates and acts that expanded voting rights to women, such as the 1918 Representation of the People Act that granted some women over 30 the right to vote. However, it also shows that women remain underrepresented in politics and areas of public life today, holding only about 22% of seats in Parliament and a small percentage of other leadership roles. The document also examines gender inequalities in the workplace, including differences in full-time and part-time work and average pay between men and women.
This document discusses gender disparity in education in Pakistan. It begins by defining key terms like gender, disparity, and gender disparity. It then provides data showing literacy rates are significantly higher for males (72.5%) than females (51.8%) in Pakistan. Several factors that contribute to this gender gap in education are discussed, such as safety concerns, lack of access to schools, economic conditions, and social norms. The document concludes by outlining some steps that could be taken to help reduce gender disparity in education, such as empowering women and girls, stopping child marriage, and encouraging girls to pursue non-traditional vocations.
This document provides an introduction to the field of sociology. It defines sociology as the scientific study of human society and social behavior, with a focus on how social context and group memberships influence individuals. Key concepts discussed include social location, social imagination, social facts, and socialization. The origins of sociology in the 19th century are reviewed. Important early sociologists presented include Comte, Martineau, Spencer, Marx, Durkheim, Weber, Addams, and Du Bois. The three major theoretical perspectives in sociology - functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism - are introduced along with levels of analysis.
This document defines and discusses reproductive health. It covers sexually transmitted diseases, unsafe abortion, gender-based violence, harmful practices like female genital mutilation, infertility, family planning, and maternal and child health. Reproductive health deals with reproductive processes throughout life and aims for complete physical, mental and social well-being. It addresses issues like sexually transmitted infection prevention and management, unsafe abortion prevention, gender-based violence prevention, and more.
Womenimpowerment ppt महिला सशक्तिकरण पीपीटीRAVIKUMARRAV
This document discusses women's empowerment in India. It begins by defining women's empowerment and outlining its importance. It then discusses the historical status of women in India, noting they had higher status in ancient times but lower status and more restrictions in medieval times. The current situation is presented as an improvement over the past but still with ongoing issues like domestic violence and rape. The document argues that women play vital roles in society and empowering them could boost India's economy and development. It concludes that empowered women can contribute greatly but that social attitudes still need to change to achieve full equality and opportunities for women.
The document discusses women's empowerment in India. It defines empowerment as increasing spiritual, social, and economic strength of individuals and communities. The goals are to create an environment for women's full development through policies, ensure enjoyment of fundamental rights, and equal access to healthcare, education, employment, and security. It also discusses legislative measures to protect women's rights, economic empowerment through poverty reduction and microcredit, social empowerment via education and health, and political empowerment through quotas in government.
The conflict perspective views society as made up of groups competing for limited resources that are unevenly distributed, which causes tensions and conflicts that become agents of social change. It was originated by Karl Marx and later expanded on by C. Wright Mills, who argued that societies inherently have conflicts due to unequal distributions of power and wealth where dominant groups control social structures. Mills agreed with Marxist views of the importance of conflict in society.
This document discusses reproductive health and strategies to promote proper reproductive health. It explains that reproductive health is most important during the reproductive stage of life when sex hormones are high and individuals need to produce offspring. Some key issues addressed are family planning, risks of pregnancy before age 18, the need for quality medical care during pregnancy and childbirth, and increasing awareness of reproductive health through various means such as sex education. The document also discusses population growth theories and strategies for population control such as family planning, birth control, and public awareness campaigns.
Social mobility mean any transition of an individual from one position to another in a constellation of social group and strata (Sorokin).
Social mobility is the movement of a person from one social group to another social group (Headrick).
Social mobility means movement from one social class to another involving the consolidating of the various elements of the new social position, including occupation, income, type of house, neighbourhood, new friends, and new organisational membership (Havighurst and Neugarten)
. Types of Social Mobility
Horizontal Social Mobility-position of the person changes, but its salary, prestige, grade and other privileges remain the same.
Vertical Social Mobility-means achieving lower to higher , higher to lower social status and prestige
Horizontal Social Mobility
Occupational Mobility
Interreligious Mobility
Inter-group Mobility
Family Mobility
Territorial Mobility
Party Mobility
International Mobility
Vertical Social Mobility
Ascending Social Mobility
Descending Social Mobility
Generally ascending and descending social mobility is seen in economic, political and occupational field.
Factors Influencing Social Mobility
Administrative set up ( democratic set up)
Aspirational level
Demographic structure ( migration of people)
Industrial automation ( unemployment as well as creation of more job opportunities)
Development of education
Economic success
Occupational improvement
Structure of society-( open/ closed)
Merits of Social Mobility
Wholesome development of individual
Development of social efficiency and social progress
Remedy of maladjustment
Higher position of deserving persons
Progress of society towards stability
Promotion of national solidarity
Development of welfare and happiness
Demerits of Social Mobility
Constant discontent of individual with social order
Disorder in rural and urban societies
Development of pride and snobbery in individuals
Education and Social Mobility
Social Mobility of Students
Amount of Education
Educational Curriculum ( Arts/ Science)
Academic Achievement ( higher achievement, research work ,etc.)
Importance of educational institution
Social Mobility of Teachers ( professional development)
This document discusses women empowerment in India. It defines women empowerment as making women independent in their mind, thoughts, rights, and decisions by removing social and family limitations. It discusses women's fundamental rights like equality, non-discrimination, equal pay, dignity, and independence in decisions. It also discusses India's commitments to international conventions on women's rights and improving conditions in rural areas through education and job opportunities. Key indicators of women empowerment mentioned are increased self-esteem, decision making power, and changes in quantitative metrics like literacy rates, sex ratio, and life expectancy.
Social inequality refers to unequal status or access to goods and services among people in a society. It can include unequal access to voting rights, freedom of speech, property rights, education, healthcare, housing, transportation, and other social benefits. Social inequality is also seen in unequal family and neighborhood conditions, occupations, job satisfaction, and access to credit, and is linked to racial, gender, and wealth inequality.
Final women's rights and children's rights pptCarlos & Irene
The document discusses women's rights and gender equality over time. It provides historical images and asks questions about the traditional roles of women, such as not being able to work outside the home or wear mini-skirts. It then discusses how women's roles changed during World War 1 when they began working in factories and fighting in the war. The next section summarizes the achievements of the "Famous Five" Canadian women who campaigned for women's suffrage in the early 20th century. It lists the members and some of their biographical details and accomplishments in advocating for equal rights for women in Canada.
Socio economic obstacles of women empowerment in rural bangladeshAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the socio-economic obstacles to women's empowerment in rural Bangladesh. Some key findings of the study include:
1) 24% of families restrict women from attending school and 40% of adolescent women have their higher education threatened by family restrictions.
2) 30.4% of women face early marriage which prevents their education.
3) 53.6% of guardians in the study area are illiterate and lack knowledge about the importance of women's empowerment and education.
4) Various social, religious, and economic factors obstruct women's empowerment in the rural area studied. The document aims to identify obstacles and inform policies to promote women's education and
KAMRAN ISHFAQ, PHD SCHOLAR SOCIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN, SOCIAL WELFARE OFFICER, CHILDREN HOSPITAL AND THE INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH MULTAN PAKISTAN.
The document discusses the portrayal of women in Indian media and the need for more positive depictions. It notes that while women's participation and decision-making has increased in India, overall conditions are still not good. The media often depicts women as religiously intolerant and politically immature. There is a need for more articles on career opportunities, health, entrepreneurship, legal aid, and other services to help empower women and create positive change in society. Positive depictions of women in mass media could help reconstruct social perceptions as the world becomes more globally connected.
The United Nations defines women's empowerment as having 5 components: a woman's sense of self-worth; her right to make choices and have opportunities; her right to control her own life both inside and outside the home; her ability to influence social change; and her access to resources. The document states that empowering women by giving them equal choices and opportunities will lead to growth in entrepreneurship, management, and other sectors, bringing vast change and growth to society. It calls for continuous efforts from all parts of society to better the lives of women.
The document discusses how gender is a social construct determined by culture and society, rather than a biological category. It defines gender as the sociological expectations, roles, behaviors, and identities assigned to men and women in a given culture. Gender construction begins at birth and is reinforced through parenting, work roles, and life experiences that shape one's feelings, skills, and ways of being to fit masculine or feminine norms. This socialization process constitutes how gender is socially constructed rather than flowing automatically from biological sex.
This document discusses the history of women's suffrage and representation in politics and public life in the United Kingdom. It notes key dates and acts that expanded voting rights to women, such as the 1918 Representation of the People Act that granted some women over 30 the right to vote. However, it also shows that women remain underrepresented in politics and areas of public life today, holding only about 22% of seats in Parliament and a small percentage of other leadership roles. The document also examines gender inequalities in the workplace, including differences in full-time and part-time work and average pay between men and women.
Aligning programming to the APSA - The UN Women GPS Project in ZimbabweDudziro Nhengu
The UN Women Gender, Peace and Security Project in Zimbabwe supports governmental and non-governmental efforts to strengthen security sector actors' capacity to respond to gender, peace, and security issues. This includes promoting gender mainstreaming in security sector training institutions and community peacebuilding mechanisms. The project aims to institutionalize gender-responsive security sectors, strengthen accountability mechanisms, and increase women's participation in peace and governance issues. It also seeks to foster a women-led early warning system on election violence cases.
1) Guatemala has a population of 14.4 million people, of which 51.2% are women. It has high levels of inequality and poverty as well as a history of armed conflict.
2) Women in Guatemala face exclusion, discrimination, and unequal gender relationships. They have lower levels of education, employment, and political participation than men.
3) Guatemala has made some progress towards the MDGs through policies promoting gender equality, but still faces challenges in reducing maternal mortality, achieving education and employment goals, and addressing violence against women. Climate change impacts and disaster vulnerability also threaten development.
This presentation discusses women empowerment and the process of empowering women. It defines women empowerment as challenging gender-based discrimination against women in society's institutions and structures. Empowerment means increasing spiritual, political, social, or economic strength. An empowered woman has improved personal knowledge, is self-defining, has personal power and authenticity, physical strength, equality, mutuality in relationships, and economic independence and political power in society. The process of empowering women involves changes in their mobility, social interaction, labor patterns, access to and control over resources, and control over decision-making.
This document summarizes a lecture on gender equity and citizenship given by Dr. Carolina Matos. It discusses topics like gender inequality based on UN and World Bank data, developments in closing gender gaps in areas like education, persistent patterns of inequality, challenges to achieving equality, definitions of discrimination, criticisms of universal citizenship, the role of women in politics worldwide, and rankings of countries on gender equality. It provides facts, figures, and analyses issues through discussions and quotes from various scholars and reports.
This document discusses gender inequalities in employment and empowerment. It provides information on how historical imbalances have undermined women's equality through lack of rights to own land, access credit, education and fair wages. While women's rights and participation are increasing in some countries, large gaps remain globally. For example, only 20% of world parliament members are women on average. The document also discusses issues like honor killings, female genital mutilation, and other forms of violence predominantly affecting women.
Beijing+20: Analysis of the Asia Pacific Draft Ministerial Declaration on Gen...Ranjani K.Murthy
This power-point provides:
- A summary of the Asia Pacific Draft Ministerial Declaration on Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (17-20, November, 2014)
- A summary of the contested issues and concerns flowing from the debates around the Draft Ministerial Declaration
- Some of the good practices to promote gender equality and women's empowerment which some Asia-Pacific countries had shared.
This document discusses the history of gender equality and women's rights. It covers ancient cultures where women had limited roles, the modern women's rights movement of the 1960s fighting for equal pay and reproductive rights, and the establishment of women's rights as human rights in the 19th century. In India, the document outlines that women had higher status in ancient times but it deteriorated during the medieval period under practices like child marriage and sati. Modern India has advanced women's rights through its constitution but still faces challenges of violence, lack of reproductive rights, and social issues like honor killings and dowry violence.
The document discusses a pre-reading activity on gender roles that involves students identifying traditional and modern women's roles by matching flashcards with characters from a short story. A while-reading activity divides students into groups to answer questions about traditional gender roles or women's empowerment based on the story. It concludes with a post-reading activity where students act out in groups whether the main character gets married or remains independent after quitting her job. The purpose is for students to reflect on gender roles and women's empowerment through analyzing and interacting with the text.
Millennium Development Goals - Gender Equality In MoldovaMaria Ciochina
The document discusses gender equality and empowerment of women in Moldova as it relates to the Millennium Development Goals. It outlines the goals, which include eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, achieving universal primary education, promoting gender equality, reducing child mortality, improving maternal health, combating diseases, ensuring environmental sustainability, and developing a global partnership. Specifically regarding gender equality, the targets for Moldova are to eliminate gender disparities, stereotypes, and discrimination. Currently in Moldova, women represent half the population but face inequality, lower wages, and higher unemployment than men. The government's target by 2015 is to extend women's participation in social life by eliminating gender stereotypes and creating strong policies for gender equality and preventing
This document discusses identity as a social construct and covers several topics related to identity, including sexual orientation, gender identity, ethnic identity, class identity, online identity, and national identity. It also addresses issues like misrepresentation in visual culture, contesting exclusion, persona, the body and identity, personal biography, the me-monument, and identity hybrids. A variety of artists and artworks are referenced that relate to these different aspects of identity and representation.
The document discusses gender equality and women's empowerment in India. It analyzes data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) on key indicators related to gender disparity such as literacy rates, education levels, media exposure, employment, financial autonomy, and decision making. The data shows that women lag significantly behind men on many of these indicators. For example, only 20% of employed married women control their own earnings compared to 24% of men who say their wives control their own earnings. 54% of women believe wife beating is justified in certain situations. The document proposes several measures to promote gender equality, empower women, and address social norms, including increasing female literacy, political participation, vocational training, self-
Women play a vital role in agriculture but often face discrimination. Five areas need attention to reduce poverty: facilitating markets, improving productivity, investing in infrastructure, reducing vulnerability, and improving policy. Efforts are being made at international, regional, and national levels to promote gender equality and empower women through laws, organizations, and development programs. Initiatives like Women in Triticum are helping to educate women farmers, promote awareness of women's rights, and advance opportunities for women. Further progress requires continued efforts to ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination.
Here are explanations for the terms:
- Subcultural interaction: When individuals belong to more than one subculture. For example, someone who is young, Italian, Catholic, and a student living in Barcelona would interact with multiple subcultures.
- Culture is learned: Culture is acquired and passed down through social learning, such as from family, community, and educational institutions rather than through genetics.
- Religious subcultures: Groups within a society that are defined by their shared religious beliefs and practices.
- Primary group: Small, intimate group whose members share close, continuous, and personal relationships like family.
- Enculturation: Process by which individuals learn the norms and values of their own culture
This document provides an overview of topics related to gender inequality and citizenship. It discusses persistent patterns of inequality such as unequal economic opportunities and differences in political voice between men and women. It also examines definitions of gender equality, criticisms of universal citizenship, and the role of international organizations like the UN and World Bank in advancing gender issues. Case studies are provided on women's representation in politics in different countries and regions. The document argues that while progress has been made, gender discrimination remains a problem worldwide and achieving full equality will require continued efforts from governments and political institutions.
Lecture 3 culture and diversity culture and identityNevzat Yildirim
This document discusses culture, identity, and their relationship. It defines culture as patterns of living, customs, traditions, and values shared by a group. Identity is defined as an individual's self-concept derived from their socialization. The document explores how culture and identity are influenced by factors like globalization, immigration, and technology. It examines theories of cultural and racial identity development and how social group membership can influence behaviors, opportunities, and self-perceptions.
Mainstreaming Gender and Development (GAD) in Cooperativesjo bitonio
This memorandum provides guidelines for mainstreaming gender and development (GAD) in cooperatives registered with the Cooperative Development Authority of the Philippines. It mandates all cooperatives to implement GAD policies, plans, programs, and budgets. Cooperatives must establish a GAD Committee and appoint a GAD Focal Person to oversee GAD implementation. The memorandum also outlines the functions of GAD mechanisms and officers to realize GAD, including conducting training, monitoring, and reporting on GAD efforts.
The document discusses the concepts of gender, sex, and socialization. It traces the evolution of approaches to promoting gender equality from Women in Development (WID) to Gender and Development (GAD) to the current approach of Gender Mainstreaming (GM). WID focused on women's practical needs but reinforced stereotypes. GAD examined unequal power relations and gender relations but was difficult to implement. GM aims to institutionalize gender sensitivity by integrating a gender perspective into all policies from the start. However, effectively applying gender mainstreaming remains a challenge.
Human rights are inherent to all humans without discrimination based on attributes like gender. Gender equality means equal treatment regardless of sex. The history of efforts to achieve gender equality includes campaigns against issues like domestic violence and unequal pay that fall under feminism. Current efforts aim to fight inequality through addressing problems like violence against women, unequal access to education, and harmful traditional practices, as well as increasing women's political participation.
EN DÉFENSE DES FEMMES CONTRE LE FÉMINICIDE AU BRÉSIL ET DANS LE MONDEFernando Alcoforado
Cet article vise à défendre les femmes contre le féminicide au Brésil et dans le monde, en présentant les mesures nécessaires pour surmonter ce problème. Le mot féminicide fait référence au meurtre de femmes pour des raisons de genre, c'est-à-dire en raison du mépris ou de la discrimination contre la condition féminine. Il s'agit d'un crime de haine, dans lequel la motivation de la mort doit être liée au fait que la victime est une femme.
Allocution de Carine Favier, co-présidente du Planning Familial lors de la deuxième journée internationale sur l'innovation et la recherche en éducation à la santé sexuelle et aux droits humains, le vendredi 2 septembre 2016 à l'Unesco.
Brochure de présentation.
Ma vie, ma santé, mon éducation, mon choix, mon corps, mes droits.
il faut agir maintenant
Dans le monde entier, des hommes et des femmes subissent des contraintes et des discriminations ou sont traités comme des criminels simplement à cause de leurs choix concernant leur corps et leur vie. Face à ces atteintes continuelles à leurs droits, Amnesty International lance une nouvelle campagne mondiale intitulée "MON CORPS , MES DROITS , pour défendre les droits sexuels et reproductifs de tous."
Index : ACT 35/001/2014, Français, mars 2014
L'expérience tunisienne dans la lutte contre la violence basée sur le Genre d...Jamaity
Cet article vise à faire connaître la problématique de la
violence basée sur le genre en Tunisie, à travers des données et témoignages recueillis lors de nos missions en tant
qu’assistante sociale et membre de la société civile, et nos
interventions pour les femmes victimes de violence dans le
cadre de notre travail au sein d’une cellule d’écoute. Notre
objectif est de mettre la lumière sur les procédures juridiques
faites par l’état et les initiatives de la société civile pour faire
face à la violence basée sur le genre, et de voir dans quelle
mesure ces démarches adoptées aident à réduire le phénomène étudié.
En d’autres termes, quel sens donner à cette violence? S’agit-elle des simples fautes commises par l’homme lors de sa
communication avec la femme ou c’est une perturbation dans
le processus de socialisation ou est –elle un signe de la
naissance d’un système de dialogue moderne avec la femme
constituant une véritable réaction surtout avec la promotion du
statut de la femme et l’amélioration de ses droits après la
révolution? L’entrée en vigueur de la loi N58 de Juillet 2017 et
le soutien de la femme par la société sont- ils suffisants pour
faire face à la violence basée sur le genre?
Integrating climate change adaptation in development planning in Morocco - NAP-GSP.
What is the process to formulate and implement National Adaptation Plans (NAPs)? How can it be used to reduce Morocco’s vulnerability to climate change and integrate climate change adaptation into ongoing development planning processes? How can decision makers include the gender lens to build more inclusive and more effective initiatives? What does Morocco’s current road map for conducting its NAP process look like, and how can it be further enhanced for effective delivery?
These were just some of the questions discussed at a workshop held in Marrakesh, 17-20 April 2017. The workshop was co-hosted by GIZ, UNDP and UNITAR, and supported through the GIZ Environment and Climate Governance project, and aimed at developing and strengthening the technical expertise of Morocco climate action focal points from several departments.