A presentation planned for Week 13 of Sport Coaching Pedagogy at the University of Canberra, 3 May 2013

1. Long Term Athlete
Development
#SpCP13 Week 13
3 May 2013

2. Link

3. Link
Beyond Barcelona: A Contemporary Critique of the Theory of
Periodisation. Australian Coaching Council Elite Coaches Seminar,
Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra November. 1992.
Link

4. Link

5. Canadian Sport for Life (CS4L) is a movement to improve the quality of sport and physical
activity in Canada through improved athlete training and better integration
between all stakeholders in the sport system, including sport organizations, education,
recreation and health.
A key feature of CS4L is Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD), a developmental
pathway whereby athletes follow optimal training, competition, and recovery regimens
from childhood through all phases of adulthood.
The vision behind CS4L is to reshape how we support sport and train athletes at
all levels in Canada – from children to adults, from towns to cities, from provinces and
regions through to the National level.
In realizing this vision, we aim to keep more Canadians active for life with recreational
sport and physical activity, and at the same time help Canadians in all sports win more
medals internationally.
Link

6. Link

7. LTAD
• is a philosophy and a vehicle for change.
• is athlete-centred from a child’s first involvement in sport to the transition to lifelong physical
activity or other sport related activities.
• integrates the needs of athletes with a disability into the design and delivery of sport programs.
• provides a framework for reviewing current practices, developing new initiatives, and
standardizing programs.
• establishes a clear development pathway from playground to podium and on to being active for
life.
• identifies the shortcomings in Canada’s sport system and provides guidelines for problem solving.
• provides guidelines for planning for optimal performance for all stages of athlete development.
• provides key partners with a coordinated structure and plan for change.
• identifies and engages key stakeholders in delivering change.
• provides an aligned and integrated model for delivering systems including
• long-term athlete development — technical, physical, tactical, and behavioural.
• long-term coaching development.
• sport and physical activity programs and services in NSO’s, PSO’s, recreational organizations,
clubs, and schools.
Long Term Athlete Development resource paper V2 (2005)

8. LTAD Key Factors:
1.Excellence Takes Time
2.FUNdamentals
3.Specialization
4.Developmental Age
5.Trainability
6.Physical, Mental, Cognitive and Emotional
Development
7.Periodization
8.Competition Planning
9.System Alignment and Integration
10.Continuous Improvement
Link

10. 10,000 hours
Physical Literacy
Early Specialisation Sports (4 Phases)
Late Specialisation Sports (6 Phases)
Peak Height Velocity
Relative Age Effect
Windows of Accelerated Adaptation
Competition
Balyi and Hamilton (2003, 2004)

11. Crossman, E. R. F. W. A theory of the acquisition of speed-skill. Ergonomics 2, 153–166 (1959)

12. Link

13. Link

14. Link
Link
Link Link

15. Link

17. Link

18. As it stands the evidence base for the model
constitutes the basic elements of the
Canadian Men's Alpine Ski team program
spanning three Olympic cycles.
McDowell (2010)

19. I t i s c r u c i a l t h a t t h e LTA D m o d e l i s
s e e n a s a ‘ ‘ w o rk i n p ro g r e s s ’ ’ a n d
t h e c h a l l e n g e, p a r t i c u l a rl y f o r
p a e d i a t r i c e x e rc i s e s c i e n t i s t s, i s t o
q u e s t i o n , t e s t , a n d r e v i s e t h e m o d e l .
Ford et al (2010)

20. Ross Tucker 2013

21. Ross Tucker 2013

22. Ross Tucker 2013

23. CÔTÉ’S STAGES OF SPORT DEVELOPMENT
Link

24. Differentiated Model of Giftedness and
Talent (DMGT)
Roel Vaeyens, Matthieu Lenoir, A. Mark Williams and
Renaat M. Philippaerts (2008)

25. Foundations, Talent, Elite and Mastery
(FTEM)
Gulbin et al (2013)

26. Link
Melanie Lang,
Swimming in the Panopticon: An Ethnographic Study of Good Practice in
Competitive Youth Swimming, Unpublished PhD thesis,
Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds, 2009.

27. Link

29. Excellent coaching practice for the talent development coaching environment:
•Emphasises development and investing for the future over results
•Creates a respectful environment and fosters athlete empowerment and motivation
•Involves coaches who are approachable and inspiring
•Preparation of sessions with clear aims, that are competitive, intense and promote
learning
•Requires the ability to spontaneously restructure one’s knowledge to changing
situational demands
•Involves communication and tailored feedback
•Uses questioning to guide learning
•Encourages trying new things
Justine Allen et al (2012)

30. Excellent coaching practice along the pathway:
•Emphasis on learning and development
•Guided by a “bigger picture” that allowed for flexibility
•Fostering a positive environment focused on learning and encouragement
•Developing quality coach-athlete relationships with relaxed, open two-way interaction
•Planning for sessions and longer whilst allowing for adaptation and flexibility
•Use of competition and game-like periods
•Well developed interactive instructional techniques
.
Justine Allen et al (2012)

32. Balyi I. (2001) Sport System Building and Long-term Athlete Development in British Columbia. Canada: SportsMed BC
Selected Bibliography
Balyi I, and Hamilton, A. “The Concept of Long-term Athlete Development” Strength and Conditioning Coach, The
Official Magazine of the Australian Strength and Conditioning Association. Volume 3, No. 2. pp.5 - 6.
Balyi, I and Way, R. “Long-Term Planning of Athlete Development. The Training to Train Phase”. B.C. Coach, 1995. pp. 2
- 10.
Balyi, I. “Planning for Training and Performance.The Training to Compete Phase”. B.C. Coach, 1996. pp. 9 - 14.
Balyi, I and Hamilton, A. “Planning for Trainingand Performance. The Training to Win Phase” B.C.Coach, 1996. pp. 9 - 26.
Balyi, I. and Hamilton A. North American Soccer - Overplayed and Underdeveloped. How Long-termPlanning Can Make
the Difference for Our Young Players? Performance Conditioning Soccer, Lincoln, NE., Vol. 4, Number 6, pp 6 - 9, 1998.
Balyi, I. and Hamilton North American Soccer - Overplayed and Underdeveloped. Long-term planning Part IV. The
Training to Compete Phase of Training. Performance Conditioning Soccer, Lincoln, NE, Vol.5. Number 4. pp4 - 11., 1999.
Balyi, I. and Hamilton North American Soccer - Overplayed and Underdeveloped. Long-term planning Part V. The
Training to Perform Phase of Training.
Performance Conditioning Soccer, Lincoln, NE, Vol.5. Number 4. pp.4, 1999.
Balyi, I and Hamilton, A. The Concept and Practice of Long-term Athlete Development in Volleyball.Volleyball
Conditioning, Lincoln, NE, Vol.6., No.3. pp., 6 - 9, 1998.
Balyi, I., “Long-term Planning of Athlete Development, The Training to TrainPhase” in FHS, The UK’sQuarterly Coaching
Magazine, IssueOne, pp. 8 - 11. September,1998.
Balyi, I., “Long-term Planning of Athlete Development, The Training to Compete Phase” in FHS, TheUK’s Quarterly
Coaching Magazine, Issue Two, pp. 8 - 11, December, 1998.
Balyi, I., and Hamilton, A. “Long-term Planning ofAthlete Development, The Training to Win Phase” inFHS, The UK’s
Quarterly Coaching Magazine, Issue Three, pp. 7 - 9. April, 1999.
Balyi, I., “Long-term Planning of Athlete Development, Multiple Periodization, Modelling and Normative Data” in FHS,
The UK’s Quarterly Coaching Magazine, Issue Four, pp. 7 - 9. May, 1999.
Balyi, I. and Hamilton, A. “ The FUNdamentals in Long-term Preparation of Tennis Players.” pp. 250, in Bollettieri Classic
Tennis Handbook,Tennis Week, NY, NY, 1999. pp. 258-280.
Balyi, I., and Hamilton, A. Key to Success: Long-term Athlete Development. Sport Coach, Canberra, Australia. Vol.23. No.
1. Autumn 2000. pp. 30-32.
Balyi, I., and Hamilton, Long-term Athlete Development: The FUNdamental Stage. Part One/Two. Sport Coach,
Canberra, Australia. Vol.23. No.3. 2000. pp. 10-13.

33. Images
Istvan Balyi (Malmo IdrottsAkademi, Admin)
Cigar roller_Cuba 177 (James Emery, CC BY 2.0)
Charlene looking through Binoculars (Eric Harmatz, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
The VLT’s Next-generation Laser Launch Telescope, (European Southern Observatory, CC BY 2.0)
The Homemade Dobsonian Telescope (Creag, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)