This document summarizes the FLAVIE project, which aims to develop sugar beet varieties with tolerance to virus yellows through an international collaborative effort. The project has three main goals: 1) Establish an efficient trial protocol to evaluate varieties under virus yellows pressure, 2) Identify and characterize virus yellow tolerant varieties in participating organizations' germplasms, and 3) Provide evaluations of potential genetic solutions by sharing strategies. Over 55,000 plots have been evaluated to test over 1,000 hybrids. The results show differences in varietal performance and response to individual and mixed virus infections. BYV alone or in combination with other viruses causes the greatest yield losses. The project aims to continuously improve genetic tolerance to support sustainable sugar
Companion planting of barley with sugar beets was studied over multiple years and locations as an alternative to neonicotinoids for pest control. Trials showed barley reduced the number of aphids and incidence of virus yellows in sugar beets, as well as populations of early season pests like thrips and flea beetles. However, barley competition also led to yield losses in sugar beets depending on site conditions. More research is still needed to understand the influence of barley biomass on pest control and sugar beet yields. In conclusion, expected yield losses from pests need to be weighed against potential losses from barley competition for this companion planting approach.
This document discusses ways to reduce the carbon footprint of sugar beet crop management systems. It outlines the context of greenhouse gas emission reduction targets in France and describes the methodology used to calculate carbon balances in field crop systems. The methodology considers both soil carbon storage and greenhouse gas emissions. The document then analyzes the carbon balance of sugar beet crops and evaluates the impact of different management levers, such as reducing nitrogen fertilizer and increasing cover crops. Case studies from experimental platforms demonstrate that the carbon footprint of sugar beet can be reduced by up to 28% through these practices, though they may increase costs. Further funding sources need to be identified to cover these costs.
1) The beetroot weevil Lixus juncii has one generation per year, overwinters in unknown locations, and has expanded its range from southern France to areas north and east of Paris since 2000.
2) The Ubelix project is studying Lixus juncii biology and potential control strategies, such as a push-pull approach using intercropping, trap crops, and identification of attractive but tolerant beetroot varieties.
3) Preliminary research on Lixus juncii's life cycle found mating occurs in the field in May, overwintering locations remain unknown, and few weevils were captured in spring in border areas near infested fields. Larval mortality rates
The Prévibest project aims to develop a decision-making tool to help farmers and sugar industry stakeholders understand and reduce the risk of deep soil compaction from beet harvesting. The tool will simulate soil compaction using models, historical data from over 5 million simulations, and field experiments. It will provide diagnoses of soil compaction risks and advise on alternatives. The tool considers constraints like contractor schedules and weather to strategically advise on risk areas and levers to minimize deep soil compaction during beet harvests.
François Joudelat presented on managing Cercospora leaf spot disease in sugar beet through modeling and IoT camera technology. The CERCOCAP research project uses a combination of modeling that incorporates weather data, image processing of thousands of beet leaf images from IoT cameras, and field trials to develop decision support tools. Data assimilation techniques that combine model simulations with observational data have improved forecast accuracy. While machine learning approaches show potential, further improving image analysis and optimizing models is still needed to better understand and predict this complex disease.
This document summarizes the FLAVIE project, which aims to develop sugar beet varieties with tolerance to virus yellows through an international collaborative effort. The project has three main goals: 1) Establish an efficient trial protocol to evaluate varieties under virus yellows pressure, 2) Identify and characterize virus yellow tolerant varieties in participating organizations' germplasms, and 3) Provide evaluations of potential genetic solutions by sharing strategies. Over 55,000 plots have been evaluated to test over 1,000 hybrids. The results show differences in varietal performance and response to individual and mixed virus infections. BYV alone or in combination with other viruses causes the greatest yield losses. The project aims to continuously improve genetic tolerance to support sustainable sugar
Companion planting of barley with sugar beets was studied over multiple years and locations as an alternative to neonicotinoids for pest control. Trials showed barley reduced the number of aphids and incidence of virus yellows in sugar beets, as well as populations of early season pests like thrips and flea beetles. However, barley competition also led to yield losses in sugar beets depending on site conditions. More research is still needed to understand the influence of barley biomass on pest control and sugar beet yields. In conclusion, expected yield losses from pests need to be weighed against potential losses from barley competition for this companion planting approach.
This document discusses ways to reduce the carbon footprint of sugar beet crop management systems. It outlines the context of greenhouse gas emission reduction targets in France and describes the methodology used to calculate carbon balances in field crop systems. The methodology considers both soil carbon storage and greenhouse gas emissions. The document then analyzes the carbon balance of sugar beet crops and evaluates the impact of different management levers, such as reducing nitrogen fertilizer and increasing cover crops. Case studies from experimental platforms demonstrate that the carbon footprint of sugar beet can be reduced by up to 28% through these practices, though they may increase costs. Further funding sources need to be identified to cover these costs.
1) The beetroot weevil Lixus juncii has one generation per year, overwinters in unknown locations, and has expanded its range from southern France to areas north and east of Paris since 2000.
2) The Ubelix project is studying Lixus juncii biology and potential control strategies, such as a push-pull approach using intercropping, trap crops, and identification of attractive but tolerant beetroot varieties.
3) Preliminary research on Lixus juncii's life cycle found mating occurs in the field in May, overwintering locations remain unknown, and few weevils were captured in spring in border areas near infested fields. Larval mortality rates
The Prévibest project aims to develop a decision-making tool to help farmers and sugar industry stakeholders understand and reduce the risk of deep soil compaction from beet harvesting. The tool will simulate soil compaction using models, historical data from over 5 million simulations, and field experiments. It will provide diagnoses of soil compaction risks and advise on alternatives. The tool considers constraints like contractor schedules and weather to strategically advise on risk areas and levers to minimize deep soil compaction during beet harvests.
François Joudelat presented on managing Cercospora leaf spot disease in sugar beet through modeling and IoT camera technology. The CERCOCAP research project uses a combination of modeling that incorporates weather data, image processing of thousands of beet leaf images from IoT cameras, and field trials to develop decision support tools. Data assimilation techniques that combine model simulations with observational data have improved forecast accuracy. While machine learning approaches show potential, further improving image analysis and optimizing models is still needed to better understand and predict this complex disease.
Comité technique 59 2020 - 5 - Lutte contre la jaunisse
1. -mars 30-mars 14-avr. 29-avr. 14-mai 29-mai 13-juin 28-juin 13-juil
La lutte contre la jaunisse aujourd’hui !
• Pourquoi, quand et comment stopper les pucerons virulifères avec les moyens actuels ?
Semis Protection minimale 80 jours ou ∑ T° moy. = 1200°
Pulvérisation Pulvérisation Pulvé…
2. 1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2017
2018
2019
3 21 2 1 2 1 2 1 1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0 20 40 60 80
NbrejoursT°<-3°
Jaunisse %
Rigueur de l’hiver influence l’importance de la jaunisse
● Témoins sites d’expérimentation 1981 à 1999
● Reprise depuis 2017
Peu de risque : hivers froids
Danger variable, maximum prévisible pour la région,
peu prévisible à la parcelle !
Enquête jaunisse 2019, 10% sans traitement :
● Etendu des dégâts,
nombre cas
3. Réseau d’observations
25/4
30/4
5/5
10/5
15/5
20/5
25/5
30/5
20/4 30/4 10/5 20/5 30/5
Observationssimulées
1ers pucerons observés réels
2019
Prévoir l’arrivée des pucerons verts sur betteraves
Ecart maxi < 7 jours
Modèle = ∑ T° Moyenne jan.-avr. compris (900°)
+ pression jaunisse parcelle proche année N-1
Test sur Vimy : 9 mai, sur Dunkerque : 4 mai
Difficulté à les voir !
R² = 0,76
4. 4
Pas de jaunisse sans pucerons verts
1991
1997
2019
2018
1990
1993
1992
1999
1998
1989
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 20 40 60 80
Avant26juin
Jaunisse %
R² = 0,69
Total pucerons aptères verts sur
100 betteraves/période 15 jours
5. Pucerons noirs sans influence sur l’importance de la jaunisse
1
5001
10001
15001
20001
25001
30001
Année-jaunisse %
Total pucerons noirs aptères
sur 100 betteraves/période 15 jours
Avr - mai juin juillet
R² = 0.0008
7. 7
Témoin Karaté k 1,5 l Teppeki 0.14kg + huile 1 l Movento 0,45L* Mavrik Jet 3L
Efficacité des insecticides sur pucerons verts
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Traitement mi-mai
% d’évolution des aptères verts 10 jours après traitement
-100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
Traitement fin mai
* : Produit non homologué sur betterave. Dérogation d’usage en 2019
Synthèse essais Nord, Aisne, Somme, Oise, NormandieNormandie
8. -100
-50
0
50
100
150
200
(4 essais)
Intérêt de l’huile avec le Teppeki
Témoin
Teppeki
+ h 1 L Teppeki
% d’évolution aptères verts 8 jours après traitement
Efficacité des insecticides sur pucerons verts
9. Essais Vimy 2019
0
10
20
30
40
50% de betteraves avec au moins 1 aptère vert
Témoin sans
traitements
T1 : 11 juin
Teppeki
T1 : 22 mai
Teppeki
T1 Movento, T2
Teppeki
Stratégie de lutte contre la jaunisse virale
Traitement
Traitement
10. 10
Traitements conseillés en végétation pour 2020
Teppeki : flonicamide Dose AMM = 0,140kg/ha + huile homologué
(possible en mélange avec herbicides)
Stade application = 6 feuilles des betteraves
Une seule application/ha/an.
Produit respectueux des auxiliaires.
Movento : spirotétramat Dose AMM = 0,45L/ha (Dérogation d’utilisation en 2020 ?)
Stade application = dès 2 feuilles des betteraves
Deux applications/ha/an, éviter mélange avec tous autres produits (huile comprise)
Action lente très dépendante de la température T°>12° durant 1 semaine
Pas de pluie après traitement, idéal 2 jours sans pluie
Produit respectueux des auxiliaires.
11. 11
Année funeste : 1988
Histoire de la jaunisse : ne pas renouveler les erreurs du passé !
Moyens de lutte de l’époque
12. 12
• Hiver doux + pression jaunisse n-1 = risque précoce et fort
• Surveillance sucreries, Ch. Agri. ITB…
• Déclenchement : seuil 10% de betteraves touchées par
au moins 1 puceron aptère vert (test virose !)
• Avertissements par :
• OAD Alerte pucerons sur itbfr.org
• SMS sucreries
• Notes d’informations ITB
• Appliquer collectivement les insecticides foliaires conseillés au bon moment
et à pleine dose
• Renouveler l’application si pucerons verts aptères observés 15 jours après T1
• Arrêt des aphicides à couverture du sol.
Contrôle de la jaunisse en 2020 :