e-Reputation in scientific research

1. Scientific Publication
and e-Reputation
Mokhtar BEN HENDA
Bordeaux Montaigne University
29 October 2019

2. Global situation
 “The main currency for the academic is not power, as it is for the politician, or wealth, as it is for
the businessman, but reputation”.
 Web 2.0 technologies used for collaboration and sharing (Open Science 2.0):
 Open access to scientific outputs,
 Open data,
 Open peer evaluation systems.
 Open Science:
 New types and bigger number of ‘stakeholders’ (e.g. freelance scientists, citizen researchers);
 New formats for conducting and disseminating research (e.g. Open archives, personal websites, blogs);
 Inclusive and broader ways of measuring scholarly reputation (e.g. Scientometry, Altmetrics…).
 Core questions:
 What activities do scholars think contribute to reinforce their reputation?
 What activities employers/institutions consider as being important for reputational purposes?
 Which reputational platforms do scholars use and how often do they use them?

3. eReputation concern
Researchers
Universities
Scientific publications

4. Digital Identifiers for researchers
(ID)

5. eReputation for scientific researchers
 Two large challenges that researchers face today:
 Discovery: to be researched on Scientific networks
 Evaluation: to be well evaluated by peers
 Problem of traditional name-based systems of researcher identification:
 Confusions between popular names (homonyms)
 Errors in transliteration (foreign languages: Muller, Mueller, Müller …)
 Names changing (marriage)
 Solution: Unique Identifiers!
 Widely used by academic institutions, funders, publishers, and online tools and services
 Embedded in research workflows
 Automates the process of connecting researchers and their research
 Current problems:
 Existing researcher identifier services and social networks for scientists do not fill that gap
 Many of the existing solutions are limited to a geographic region or discipline
 Some of the open solutions do not have the wide support from the community needed to reach critical mass.

6. Social networks
Use of dominant social networks
Academics should care about social
media
 News on how we connect with our students,
develop our research profiles or achieve a
bigger impact in the public domain
 To know how a new generation connects with
each other
 LinkedIn: sign-up age of 13 years, it has become
the go-to place for collegial contacts
1. Facebook
2. YouTube
3. WhatsApp
4. Messenger
5. WeChat
6. Tumblr
7. Instagram
8. Google+
9. Twitter
10. Skype
11. Viber
12. Line
13. Snapchat
14. Soundcloud
15. Pinterest
16. BBM
17. Linkedin
18. Spotify
19. Flipboard
20. Slideshare
21. Myspace

7. Academic social networks
 RESEARCHGATE : http://www.researchgate.net/
 Launched on May 23, 2008, ResearchGate is a kind of Facebook, a
social network for scientific researchers in all disciplines. Available
free of charge, it allows semantic scientific research as well as a
shared files chronicle. ResearchGate has become the largest social
network for scientists and researchers.
 ACADEMIA.EDUC : www.academia.edu
 Launched in 2008 by Richard Price, it is maintained by Academia.
The site is aimed at researchers, academics and students, to whom it
offers various features to connect with each other, to follow their
respective work and exchange knowledge, mainly by putting their
articles online.

8. Academic social networks
 LinkedIn
 An online professional social network created in 2003 in Mountain View (California).
 More than 400 million members from 170 industries in more than 200 countries and
territories
 Social Sciences Research Network : www.ssrn.com/
 Network of social scientists is composed of sub-networks, one for each discipline.
 Members can post publications, discuss or be informed of job offers and events.
Extensive list of social media for Academics:
https://www.timeshighereducation.com/a-z-social-media#survey-answer

9. Researcher digital identity (ID)
 Definition
 An identifying system for scientific authors
 A unique identifier aiming at solving the problem of author
identification and correct attribution of works
 Objectives
 Connects the researcher publications managed by different
information systems
 Solves confusions of author names in scientific publications
 Prevents the researcher from re-entering the same information
 How to create and ID?
 When creating an account in a digital system
 In a dedicated system for managing researchers IDs

10. Where to create a researcher ID?
 Many dedicated services:
 ORCID (http://orcid.org/): (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) allows for
the identification of unique contributions in the same way.
 SCOPUS : http://www.scopus.com/ (is Elsevier's abstract and citation
database)
 ORCID is used to centralize authors publications. ORCID searcher ID service
interconnect to all da (http://orcid.org/):tabases
 ISNI (http://www.isni.org/) (International Standard Name Identifier), created in
2012 by ISO (the International Organizaion for Standardization): need
application.
 OpenID (http://openid.net/) allows authentication by certain co-operating
sites known as Relying Parties
 IdHAL https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/page/mon-idhal
 Web of Science (WoS is not Open access) delivers researcher ID through
PUBLON
 Researcher ID - introduced by Thomson Reuters in 2008 and most usually used for
authors in science but it is recommended that you create a researcher ID In the Web of
Science (PUBLON)

11. One or multiple researcher IDs?
 Main goal is to create researcher accounts in multiple sites
 Each does something very different
 Each is essential to have
 Many do not communicate
 Open and commercial sites
 Domain specialization
 Dedicated for special institutions…
 Managing them is not so cumbersome once they are set up
 Need some periodic updating
 Services may change interfaces and alliances

12. Creating on-line CV
 Google Scholar account
 Get connected on Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.com/)
 Step 1: Create your basic profile
 click the “My Citations” link at the top of the page
 Add your affiliation information and email address
 Google Scholar confirms your account
 Step 2: Add publications
 Search Google scholar using Author:”Your Name”
 Click the grey “Add” button at the top of your profile
 Next, confirm you want Google to automatically add new publications to your profile in the future
 Step 3: Make your profile public
 Your profile is private if you’ve just created it.
 Change your profile visibility by clicking “Edit” next to “My profile is private”
 Then selecting “My profile is public” in the drop-down box.

13. Digital Object Identifiers for ressources
(DOI)

14. Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
 A string of numbers, letters and symbols used to
permanently identify an article or document and
link to it on the web
 Help readers easily locate a document from a
citation
 Always refers to the same article every where
 Printed with the article itself, usually on the first
page
 Since 2011 it is an active link which starts with http://
 Before 2011, it starts ith the number 10.

15. How to get a DOI fo a paper?
 Publishers normally attribute DOIs for published
documents
 Not all journals and publishers provide DOIs
 CrossRef.org website to search for DOIs
 Membership in Crossref is open to organizations that publish
professional and scholarly materials and content.
 Annual membership fees (start at $275)
 But Free search of paper DOIs
 Figshare: free creation of DOIs
 An online open access repository where researchers can preserve
and share their research outputs
 Open data/Digital Science: free to upload content and free to
access

16. Creating DOI under « figshare »
 Figshare: creating DOIs
 Need creating an account (experiment it!)

17. Creating a DOI for a paper on « figshare »
 Once the account is created, use the tab
« MyData » to add a document
 Fill metadata form and select options
 Key elements before publishing:
 Licence (Creative commons/GPL)
 Embargo (time before publication)
 DOI (attributed number to the document)

18. eReputation online
(tools)

19. General tools for ereputation on Internet
 Reputation VIP: https://app.reputationvip.com
 Create a demo account
 Test reputation of any person or institution

20. Almetrics tools
 Almetrics
 Evaluate the impact on the internet of a publication or piece of information,
 Updated in real time and made visible on the internet via functions integrated into
the sites.
 Quantitative measures of:
 number of web pages visited
 number of downloads or access to the publication or document in full text (for example, in
pdf format)
 number of times the document or information has been "liked", shared or recommended
on social media
 number of bookmarking, bookmarks or shared bookmarks on social bookmarking
platforms
 number of items saved or exported, for example by online bibliographic management
software
 number of mentions of the publication or the information in the articles of press, the social
networks, the blogs, the online encyclopedias on the internet.
• https://www.altmetric.com/demos/plos.html
• https://www.altmetric.com/products/free-tools/bookmarklet/#prettyPhoto/0/

21. Some practice
 Create accounts on Academic social netwroks
 Create researcher ID on different services
 Create profiles (CV) on different ereputation service providers
 Add personal publications to furnish your accounts
 Test eReputation of yoursel and some acquaintances

22. Impact of an author's publications
How to evaluate scientific impact
(number of citations) received by an
author publications
Use tools:
 Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.com/)
 Microsoft Academic Search
(http://academic.research.microsoft.com/)
Using professional, commercial services
 Scientific bibliographic databases Web of Science
(WoS) (Thomson Reuters) and Scopus (Elsevier)

23. Institutions metrics
 Look at
https://www.altmetric.com/products/explorer-for-institutions/#prettyPhoto