This document discusses infarction, defined as ischemic necrosis of tissue due to occlusion of arterial or venous circulation. It notes that infarction is a common cause of death in the US, usually caused by arterial occlusion from thromboembolism. There are two morphological types of infarction - red (hemorrhagic) and white (anemic). Red infarctions occur in loose tissues or previously congested organs due to venous occlusion or dual blood supply. White infarctions occur in solid organs due to arterial occlusion and lack of collateral circulation. The final outcome of infarction is coagulative necrosis of the tissue.

1. Hemodynamic Disorders
Edema
Hyperemia and Congestion
Hemorrhage
Hemostasis and Thrombosis
Embolism
Infarction
Shock
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Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com

2. Infarction
Infarction
 Definition = ischemic necrosis of tissue due to occlusion
 Definition = ischemic necrosis of tissue due to occlusion
of arterial ((in most of cases) or venous ((in gonads)
of arterial in most of cases) or venous in gonads)
circulation
circulation
 Most common cause of Death in USA
 Most common cause of Death in USA
 Most commonly  in 99% of cases = arterial occlusion
 Most commonly  in 99% of cases = arterial occlusion
by thrombo-embolism
by thrombo-embolism
 Rarely  venous drainage problem ((in Testis, Ovary)
 Rarely  venous drainage problem in Testis, Ovary)
 Very rarely  vasospasm
 Very rarely  vasospasm
 Morphological Types  Red & White
 Morphological Types  Red & White
 Wedge shaped with base at the periphery of organ
 Wedge shaped with base at the periphery of organ
 Final outcome Coagulative necrosis ((Liquefactive in
 Final outcome Coagulative necrosis Liquefactive in
Brain)
Brain)
 Septic infarction = in pts. With infective Endocarditis
 Septic infarction = in pts. With infective Endocarditis
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Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com

3. Infarctions- Types
Red (Hemorrhagic)
White (Anemic)
Red (Hemorrhagic)
White (Anemic)
 Venous occlusion
 Venous occlusion
 In loose tissues
 In loose tissues
(lung)
(lung)
 Organs with dual
 Organs with dual
blood supply (Lungs,
blood supply (Lungs,
Liver)
Liver)
 Previously congested
 Previously congested
organs
organs
((nutmeg liver)
nutmeg liver)
 Re- perfused tissues
 Re- perfused tissues
• Arterial occlusion
• Arterial occlusion
• Solid organs
• Solid organs
• End arterial supply
• End arterial supply
((Kidney, Spleen,
Kidney, Spleen,
Retina, Heart)
Retina, Heart)
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Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com

4. Infarction
Red
&
White
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Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com

5.  Final outcome of Infarction in heart
 Final outcome of Infarction in heart
How old is it ( after the onset of MI)?
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Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com

6.  Final outcome of Infarction in heart
 Final outcome of Infarction in heart
How old is it ( after the onset of MI)?
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Dr. Krishna Tadepalli, MD, www.mletips.com