This document provides an overview of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), including its epidemiology, terminology, evaluation, medical and surgical treatment options, and pathophysiology. Some key points include:
- BPH is a histological diagnosis defined as nonmalignant hyperplasia of the prostate gland. It often presents clinically as bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms and an enlarged prostate.
- Evaluation involves medical history, physical exam including DRE, urinalysis, and symptom assessment. Additional tests like flow rate and residual urine may be used if symptoms are moderate to severe.
- Medical therapy options are alpha-blockers which target the dynamic component of obstruction, and 5-alpha-re
Upper Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma [Dr. Edmond Wong]Edmond Wong
This document discusses a case of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) in a 61-year-old man presenting with hematuria. A filling defect was seen in the lower part of the right ureter on imaging. Treatment options include segmental resection of the ureter or nephroureterectomy. Follow up of UTUC cases requires frequent cystoscopy and ureteroscopy to monitor for recurrence, with the frequency decreasing over time if no recurrence is detected. Adjuvant therapies after local treatment of UTUC like mitomycin C instillation or radiation therapy have not been shown to significantly improve survival.
Antenatally detected hydronephrosis is one of the most common abnormalities detected on prenatal ultrasound. It can identify urinary tract obstructions and reflux before complications develop. The degree of hydronephrosis seen on prenatal ultrasound provides prognostic information, with mild cases often resolving and severe cases more likely to require postnatal intervention. Evaluation after birth depends on the severity and laterality of the hydronephrosis seen prenatally, with more severe or bilateral cases warranting earlier and more extensive testing like dynamic renal scintigraphy to assess kidney function and guide management.
This document provides an overview of cholangiocarcinoma, a rare and deadly form of cancer. It discusses risk factors and increasing incidence rates. For localized disease, surgical resection is standard but outcomes remain poor. For advanced disease, gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is the standard first-line treatment based on results from the ABC-02 trial showing improved survival with gemcitabine and cisplatin. Retrospective data on second-line therapies and combination of pazopanib and trametinib show some benefit. Adding radiation therapy may also improve outcomes based on another retrospective review. Next generation sequencing is helping identify molecular alterations to guide targeted therapy trials. Ongoing clinical trials at MD Anderson include testing new
This document provides an overview of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), including its epidemiology, terminology, evaluation, medical and surgical treatment options, and pathophysiology. Some key points include:
- BPH is a histological diagnosis defined as nonmalignant hyperplasia of the prostate gland. It often presents clinically as bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms and an enlarged prostate.
- Evaluation involves medical history, physical exam including DRE, urinalysis, and symptom assessment. Additional tests like flow rate and residual urine may be used if symptoms are moderate to severe.
- Medical therapy options are alpha-blockers which target the dynamic component of obstruction, and 5-alpha-re
Upper Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma [Dr. Edmond Wong]Edmond Wong
This document discusses a case of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) in a 61-year-old man presenting with hematuria. A filling defect was seen in the lower part of the right ureter on imaging. Treatment options include segmental resection of the ureter or nephroureterectomy. Follow up of UTUC cases requires frequent cystoscopy and ureteroscopy to monitor for recurrence, with the frequency decreasing over time if no recurrence is detected. Adjuvant therapies after local treatment of UTUC like mitomycin C instillation or radiation therapy have not been shown to significantly improve survival.
Antenatally detected hydronephrosis is one of the most common abnormalities detected on prenatal ultrasound. It can identify urinary tract obstructions and reflux before complications develop. The degree of hydronephrosis seen on prenatal ultrasound provides prognostic information, with mild cases often resolving and severe cases more likely to require postnatal intervention. Evaluation after birth depends on the severity and laterality of the hydronephrosis seen prenatally, with more severe or bilateral cases warranting earlier and more extensive testing like dynamic renal scintigraphy to assess kidney function and guide management.
This document provides an overview of cholangiocarcinoma, a rare and deadly form of cancer. It discusses risk factors and increasing incidence rates. For localized disease, surgical resection is standard but outcomes remain poor. For advanced disease, gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is the standard first-line treatment based on results from the ABC-02 trial showing improved survival with gemcitabine and cisplatin. Retrospective data on second-line therapies and combination of pazopanib and trametinib show some benefit. Adding radiation therapy may also improve outcomes based on another retrospective review. Next generation sequencing is helping identify molecular alterations to guide targeted therapy trials. Ongoing clinical trials at MD Anderson include testing new
This class covers what all physicians need to know about colorectal cancer (except prevention and screening, dealt with elsewhere). It is exceedingly simple, but accurate to the best of my knowledge. It is based on Harrison's 19th, Edition.
This document provides an overview of the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It discusses the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and staging, as well as treatment options for HCC. The major risk factors for HCC include hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and alcohol. Treatment depends on the stage and includes options such as liver transplantation, resection, ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, and the systemic therapy sorafenib. Prevention through vaccination and treating underlying liver diseases can help reduce cases of HCC.
Fast-track or enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols aim to reduce the stress response to surgery and speed recovery. This document outlines ERAS protocols for several types of surgeries including colorectal, bariatric, liver, breast and gallbladder surgeries. The protocols emphasize preoperative counseling and nutrition, minimal invasive surgery when possible, multimodal pain control, early feeding and mobilization to reduce hospital length of stay and complications compared to traditional care.
Report Back from SGO: What's the Latest in Ovarian Cancer?bkling
Dr. Joyce F. Liu, Director of Clinical Research for Gynecologic Oncology at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, provides a comprehensive update from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer.
This document discusses pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO). It notes that PUJO is the most common site of congenital ureteral obstruction, occurring in about 1 in 1250 births with a male to female ratio of 2:1. PUJO can be either intrinsic, due to adynamic smooth muscle, or extrinsic, due to aberrant vessels or bands. Diagnosis is typically made through antenatal ultrasound showing pelvic dilation or postnatally through ultrasound and renography demonstrating obstruction. Surgical management includes open pyeloplasty techniques or minimally invasive approaches like laparoscopy or endopyelotomy.
This document provides guidance on the management of CBD injuries. It discusses:
- Recognizing injuries during or after cholecystectomy and appropriate next steps like drain placement or referral.
- Surgical repair approaches like end-to-end anastomosis or biliary enteric procedures depending on the type and location of injury.
- Managing injuries presenting later as biliary strictures or leaks, often through staged approaches using external drainage first.
- Techniques for different stricture types, including exposing healthy ducts proximally and creating mucosa-to-mucosa anastomoses to distal conduits.
Management of Advances Hepatocellular CarcinomaPratap Tiwari
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. For advanced HCC that cannot be treated with surgery or transplantation, the standard of care has been sorafenib. Lenvatinib and cabozantinib have also shown efficacy in advanced HCC. Immunotherapy with nivolumab has shown promise based on phase II data. Combination therapies and future targeted agents may provide additional treatment options for this difficult to treat cancer.
management of hepatocellular carcinoma Sujay Susikar
The document provides information on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) including its epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, staging systems, surveillance, diagnosis, treatment options and surgical approaches. It discusses that HCC is the 5th most common cancer worldwide with the major risk factors being hepatitis B, cirrhosis, and alcohol. Staging systems covered include TNM, Okuda, CLIP and BCLC. Treatment options depend on tumor stage and liver function/reserve and may include resection, ablation, transarterial chemoembolization or transplantation. Surgical approaches to resection involve either anatomical or atypical resections.
O documento discute o câncer gástrico, fornecendo dados epidemiológicos, como taxas de incidência, sobrevida e fatores de risco. Apresenta também informações sobre a etiologia, patologia, carcinogênese e agentes protetores em relação ao câncer gástrico.
O documento descreve a evolução histórica da prostatectomia radical, desde a cirurgia aberta inicial até as abordagens laparoscópica e robótica mais recentes. A prostatectomia radical retropúbica é considerada o padrão ouro e oferece boa exposição anatômica para preservar estruturas vitais. Estudos demonstraram melhorias graduais nos resultados da abordagem laparoscópica ao longo do tempo. Já a cirurgia robótica tem se mostrado promissora, porém os custos adicionais da
Presentation delivered at a paediatric clinical meeting of the Federal Medical Center, Lokoja. Nigeria
This presentation doesn't serve as a substitute for texts and/or journals.
This document discusses the surgical management of upper urinary tract urothelial cell carcinomas. It covers radical nephroureterectomy as the gold standard treatment and explores laparoscopic versus open approaches. For localized low-grade tumors, conservative kidney-sparing options are discussed, including endoscopic tumor ablation using ureteroscopy or percutaneous access. Follow-up includes potential adjuvant instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guérin or mitomycin C into the renal collecting system.
Basic information for discussion with a healthcare professional is provided here together with some background:
• An enlargement or the presence of tumors in the gland below a man’s bladder that produces fluid for semen ie, the prostate, may suggest benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer
o Almost 8% of new cancer cases worldwide are attributed to this highly curable disease (proportion of patients surviving after 5 years = 98.9%)
o In the USA alone, prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer, diagnosed more often in African-American (1 in 5 cases) than white men (1 in 6 cases)
o Prostate cancer is strongly correlated with age, starting at about 50 years old and rising over the ensuing decades
o While debates over under- or over-treatment of prostate cancer continue, it is clear that management of the disease costs the USA an aggregate annual loss in productivity of $3.0 billion
o Moreover, prostate cancer is the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the USA, mainly due to advanced or metastatic disease
Best of des publications sur la chirurgie hépatique et pancréatiqueBertrand Le roy
Merci aux journées d'oncologie digestive de m'avoir sollicité pour parler d'un cas clinique sur la prise en charge du CHC et sur le Best of des publications HPB en 2023.
Voici le Best of des publications sur la chirurgie hépatique et pancréatique
This class covers what all physicians need to know about colorectal cancer (except prevention and screening, dealt with elsewhere). It is exceedingly simple, but accurate to the best of my knowledge. It is based on Harrison's 19th, Edition.
This document provides an overview of the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It discusses the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and staging, as well as treatment options for HCC. The major risk factors for HCC include hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and alcohol. Treatment depends on the stage and includes options such as liver transplantation, resection, ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, and the systemic therapy sorafenib. Prevention through vaccination and treating underlying liver diseases can help reduce cases of HCC.
Fast-track or enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols aim to reduce the stress response to surgery and speed recovery. This document outlines ERAS protocols for several types of surgeries including colorectal, bariatric, liver, breast and gallbladder surgeries. The protocols emphasize preoperative counseling and nutrition, minimal invasive surgery when possible, multimodal pain control, early feeding and mobilization to reduce hospital length of stay and complications compared to traditional care.
Report Back from SGO: What's the Latest in Ovarian Cancer?bkling
Dr. Joyce F. Liu, Director of Clinical Research for Gynecologic Oncology at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, provides a comprehensive update from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer.
This document discusses pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO). It notes that PUJO is the most common site of congenital ureteral obstruction, occurring in about 1 in 1250 births with a male to female ratio of 2:1. PUJO can be either intrinsic, due to adynamic smooth muscle, or extrinsic, due to aberrant vessels or bands. Diagnosis is typically made through antenatal ultrasound showing pelvic dilation or postnatally through ultrasound and renography demonstrating obstruction. Surgical management includes open pyeloplasty techniques or minimally invasive approaches like laparoscopy or endopyelotomy.
This document provides guidance on the management of CBD injuries. It discusses:
- Recognizing injuries during or after cholecystectomy and appropriate next steps like drain placement or referral.
- Surgical repair approaches like end-to-end anastomosis or biliary enteric procedures depending on the type and location of injury.
- Managing injuries presenting later as biliary strictures or leaks, often through staged approaches using external drainage first.
- Techniques for different stricture types, including exposing healthy ducts proximally and creating mucosa-to-mucosa anastomoses to distal conduits.
Management of Advances Hepatocellular CarcinomaPratap Tiwari
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. For advanced HCC that cannot be treated with surgery or transplantation, the standard of care has been sorafenib. Lenvatinib and cabozantinib have also shown efficacy in advanced HCC. Immunotherapy with nivolumab has shown promise based on phase II data. Combination therapies and future targeted agents may provide additional treatment options for this difficult to treat cancer.
management of hepatocellular carcinoma Sujay Susikar
The document provides information on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) including its epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, staging systems, surveillance, diagnosis, treatment options and surgical approaches. It discusses that HCC is the 5th most common cancer worldwide with the major risk factors being hepatitis B, cirrhosis, and alcohol. Staging systems covered include TNM, Okuda, CLIP and BCLC. Treatment options depend on tumor stage and liver function/reserve and may include resection, ablation, transarterial chemoembolization or transplantation. Surgical approaches to resection involve either anatomical or atypical resections.
O documento discute o câncer gástrico, fornecendo dados epidemiológicos, como taxas de incidência, sobrevida e fatores de risco. Apresenta também informações sobre a etiologia, patologia, carcinogênese e agentes protetores em relação ao câncer gástrico.
O documento descreve a evolução histórica da prostatectomia radical, desde a cirurgia aberta inicial até as abordagens laparoscópica e robótica mais recentes. A prostatectomia radical retropúbica é considerada o padrão ouro e oferece boa exposição anatômica para preservar estruturas vitais. Estudos demonstraram melhorias graduais nos resultados da abordagem laparoscópica ao longo do tempo. Já a cirurgia robótica tem se mostrado promissora, porém os custos adicionais da
Presentation delivered at a paediatric clinical meeting of the Federal Medical Center, Lokoja. Nigeria
This presentation doesn't serve as a substitute for texts and/or journals.
This document discusses the surgical management of upper urinary tract urothelial cell carcinomas. It covers radical nephroureterectomy as the gold standard treatment and explores laparoscopic versus open approaches. For localized low-grade tumors, conservative kidney-sparing options are discussed, including endoscopic tumor ablation using ureteroscopy or percutaneous access. Follow-up includes potential adjuvant instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guérin or mitomycin C into the renal collecting system.
Basic information for discussion with a healthcare professional is provided here together with some background:
• An enlargement or the presence of tumors in the gland below a man’s bladder that produces fluid for semen ie, the prostate, may suggest benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer
o Almost 8% of new cancer cases worldwide are attributed to this highly curable disease (proportion of patients surviving after 5 years = 98.9%)
o In the USA alone, prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer, diagnosed more often in African-American (1 in 5 cases) than white men (1 in 6 cases)
o Prostate cancer is strongly correlated with age, starting at about 50 years old and rising over the ensuing decades
o While debates over under- or over-treatment of prostate cancer continue, it is clear that management of the disease costs the USA an aggregate annual loss in productivity of $3.0 billion
o Moreover, prostate cancer is the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the USA, mainly due to advanced or metastatic disease
Best of des publications sur la chirurgie hépatique et pancréatiqueBertrand Le roy
Merci aux journées d'oncologie digestive de m'avoir sollicité pour parler d'un cas clinique sur la prise en charge du CHC et sur le Best of des publications HPB en 2023.
Voici le Best of des publications sur la chirurgie hépatique et pancréatique
Toute l'actualité sur le cancer du pancréas en 2022 avec la définition de la résécabilité, la place du traitement d'induction dans les tumeurs résécables et borderline ainsi que la prise en charge des patients métastatiques. La place des traitements en fonction des mutations génétiques est également abordée.
Chirurgie hépatique en réalité augmentée FFCDBertrand Le roy
Je remercie la Fédération Française de Cancérologie digestive (FFCD) pour m'avoir invité afin de parler de chirurgie hépatique en réalité augmentée. Cette "manifestation" a été passionnante et riche d'échanges entre différentes spécialités des cancers digestifs.
Pour voir la vidéo voici le lin: http://surgar.mystrikingly.com/
Echange très intéressant lors des rencontres chirurgicales entre chirurgiens du GHT Loire. Le thème était la plaie des voies biliaires lors d'une cholecystectomie. Une complication rare mais grave.
Salvage surgery for colorectal liver metastasesBertrand Le roy
Here our presentation with Pr E. Buc during "Rencontres gastro-onco Auvergne Loire 2019" on Salvage surgery for colorectal liver metastases.A fascinating subject and constantly evolving
Thanks to #Sanofi and the Organisation Team of RGO Auvergne loire
Conseil et vaccination du voyageur en pharmacieIpsos France
Valneva a fait appel à l'expertise d'Ipsos Healthcare pour réaliser une étude sur les comportements et les attentes des Français en matière de santé dans le cadre d'un voyage prévu hors de l'Union Européenne dans les 12 prochains mois. Les résultats révèlent le rôle essentiel des pharmaciens dans la préparation sanitaire des voyages à l'international.
Organisé par le CIIRPO, ce webinaire fait le point sur les différents types de boiteries chez les brebis et les béliers illustrées de photos. Les modes de prévention et les traitements possibles sont cités.
Il s'agit des stratégies de descente sur le terrain consistant a mettre en œuvre la qualité d'une bonne supervision au cours d'une campagne de poliomyélite
6. Tests cardiorespiratoires:
VO2max
seuil ven+latoire
test de marche de 6 minutes (6MWT)
1. Carlisle J. Mid-term survival aTer abdominal aor+c aneurysm surgery predicted by cardiopulmonary exercise tes+ng.
Br J Surg. 2007
2. Junejo M.A. Cardiopulmonary exercise tes+ng for preopera+ve risk assessment before hepa+c resec+on Br J Surg 2012
2. Seuil ven+latoire
avant résec+on hépa+que
1
2
=> Prédic+fs de morbidité postopératoire
Pierre angulaire
7. N= 112
N= 58 N= 54
6MWT
2010
î ì 11m 9m
A la maison
=> 16% d’observance complète
4 semaines
Bénéfice de la préhabilita+on serait moindre chez les pa+ents anxieux (score HADS) et dénutris
(chez les femmes et les pa+ents >75ans)
=> Ne pas faire d’exercice physique sans prise en charge nutri+onnelle et psychologique
6MWT
Chirurgie diges+ve
15. • Peu d’études, faible effec+f
• Intérêt dans d’autres organes?
• Pas d’étude médico-économique
• Hétérogénéité:
• Défini+on préhabilita+on
• Standardisa+on des protocoles
1. Le Roy et al. Effect of prehabilita+on in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: study
protocol of a mul+centric, randomised control trial - PREHAB study. BMJ open 2016
2. Le Roy et al. Is prehabilita+on limited to preopera+ve exercise? Surgery 2016 (accepted)
Limites
18. PROADAPT
• Etude randomisée
mul+centrique
• N= 220
• Chirurgie sus
mésocolique
• Age > 70 ans
• Inclusions non
débutées
PREHAB STUDY
• Etude randomisée
mul+centrique
• N= 120
• Chirurgie œsophage
et estomac
• Chimio
periopératoire
• Inclusion en cours
Les études françaises