Le Père Gaschon est l’enfant de l’histoire.
Charlemagne introduisit sous la double autorité de sa couronne et de l'Église ce qui allait devenir la féodalité. La terre était unifiée dans sa propriété et partagée entre la noblesse et l'église aux niveaux local et régional. La terre était travaillée et labourée par les paysans qui étaient pour la plupart des serfs. Ils étaient attachés à la terre et ne pouvaient voyager ou se déplacer sans un permis. Mais les bénédictins (ou moines noirs) étaient connus comme les ingénieurs de la féodalité car ils contrôlaient la plupart des bibliothèques héritées de l'Empire romain et à ce titre ils pouvaient unifier la base juridique de cette propriété foncière et le statut de la population en trois ordres : la noblesse dont le rôle était de maintenir la paix et l'ordre, et de protéger les différents territoires ; le clergé séculier ou monastique qui assurait le bien-être spirituel et rituel de la société ; le reste de la société se partageait entre les serfs travaillant la terre et les vilains faisant d'autres tâches comme tous les métiers nécessaires à l'expansion de cette société (commerce et services divers).
Il n’a jamais rompu ce lien avec les dix siècles depuis Charlemagne menant à un avenir au-delà de la Révolution Française
Père Gaschon is a child of history.
Charlemagne introduced what was to become feudalism under the dual authority of his crown and the Church. Land was unified in its ownership and shared between the nobility and the church at local and regional levels. The land was worked and tilled by peasants, most of whom were serfs. They were tied to the land and could not travel or move without a permit. But the Benedictines (or black monks) were known as the engineers of feudalism because they controlled most of the libraries inherited from the Roman Empire, and as such were able to unify the legal basis of this land ownership and the status of the population into three orders: the nobility, whose role was to maintain peace and order, and protect the various territories; the secular or monastic clergy, who ensured the spiritual and ritual well-being of society; the rest of society divided between serfs working the land and vilains doing other tasks such as all the trades necessary for the expansion of this society (trade and various services).
He never broke this link with the ten centuries since Charlemagne leading to a future beyond the French Revolution.
Présentation succinte de la Basse-MeuseAndreDalemans
Une description sommaire des 7 communes qui constituent, touristiquement, la Basse-Meuse et qui se retrouvent dans le girond de la Maison du tourisme de la Basse-Meuse. Entre Liège et Maastricht, bienvenue en Basse-Meuse !
Présentation succinte de la Basse-MeuseAndreDalemans
Une description sommaire des 7 communes qui constituent, touristiquement, la Basse-Meuse et qui se retrouvent dans le girond de la Maison du tourisme de la Basse-Meuse. Entre Liège et Maastricht, bienvenue en Basse-Meuse !
Rochefort-en-Terre : les 10 trésors du villageGuyon Jacky
Pour faciliter la découverte du village préféré des français aux touristes de passage, l'office de tourisme de Rochefort-en-Terre met depuis quelques jours à leur disposition une carte du village avec la description des dix lieus à ne pas manquer.
Il s'agit de BD, comics, comic books, comic strips, et cartoons, une forme d'art contestataire par définition qui ne sait saisir que la profondeur de la frustration, l'aliénation, la castration, bref la souffrance. La souffrance du corps, la souffrance de l'âme, oui de l'âme, la souffrance mentale, cette souffrance qui vous torture jour et nuit jusqu'à la mort car il n'y a pas d'espoir d'en sortir dans un monde qui exige l'effort, le travail, l'imagination et la vision inspiratrice de l'avenir et tout cela c'est dur - MAIS ENTHOUSIASMANT. La plupart des gens ne comprennent pas que le bonheur ne se trouve que dans le travail au service des autres et dans l'effort mental, intellectuel et créatif qui seul réalise et augmente notre force de travail, notre créativité sans lesquels nous ne sommes pas humains. La retraite n'est pas la sortie du monde du travail mais doit être la recherche d'une nouvelle place dans ce monde du travail. Le droit à la paresse est une bêtise mentale et une absurdité existentielle. Et être grand-mère ou grand-père n'est pas une profession digne de quoi que ce soit. C'est un plaisir mais cultiver son jardin est plus important que de donner des bonbons aux petits enfants.
Chères guides, chers scouts, chers aînés, chers amis,
Bienvenue sur les terres de France qui accueillent aujourd’hui le 4ème Eurojam de l’Union Internationale des Guides et Scouts d’Europe. Le premier Eurojam avait eu lieu en France il y a 30 ans. En 1984, nous étions 5.000 scouts et guides venus de 6 nations.
Aujourd’hui en 2014, nous sommes 12.500 venus de 18 nations.
Depuis près de 3 ans des équipes internationales travaillent et se dépensent sans compter pour que cet Eurojam soit pour chacun de vous un camp unique, grandiose, un camp en pleine forêt.
Nous avons bâti pour vous cette « ville dans la forêt » et les bâtisseurs de cette ville sont là, devant vous. Certains d’entre eux campent depuis 3 semaines pour monter les infrastructures et permettre votre accueil. Ils sont guides aînées, routiers, amis et ils vous serviront pendant ces 10 jours et certains resteront pour tout ranger. Ce qu’ils font est magnifique.
Merci aussi à tous ceux qui ont rendu cela possible : les services de l’Etat qui nous ont aidés de leurs précieux conseils, les maires et tous ceux qui nous ont soutenus matériellement ou par leur prière .
Pour arriver jusqu’ici, la plupart d’entre vous avez traversé montagnes et vallées, plaines et forêts ; cette terre de France sur laquelle nous vous accueillons, qu’elle soit aussi la vôtre pendant ce camp : terre de Foi Chrétienne, terre de bâtisseurs, terres de missionnaires.
Nos bras et nos coeurs vous sont ouverts.
Au nom de tous les membres de l’Association Française, nous vous redisons : soyez les bienvenus en France !
Dans le parcours historique de la ville de Clermont de l'Oise :
"Nous vous proposons de découvrir les charmes de notre belle cité, à travers un parcours original, ponctué de roses anciennes.
Laissez-vous guider par les végétaux et laissez-vous surprendre par l’architecture. En grimpant la colline , vous remonterez les siècles jusqu’au Donjon médiéval, à l’origine de Clermont."
Les Arts en Balade in Clermont-Ferrand this month of May 2024 were a success because they expanded to two cities outside Clermont conurbation, Thiers and Vic-Le-Comte, there were many people everywhere, there were 240+ artists or groups in about the same number of places: public spaces dedicated for such events, supportive professional institutions like the Order of Lawyers and the Order of Architects, many stores of all sorts opening their businesses to one or two artists, and also many apartments in the city transformed into workshops where artists could present their work. They were also a success because they lasted four days and were just as dense on Friday, May 17 as on the three following days up to Monday, May 20. Note the case of Michelin who opened their conference rooms and galleries in their Headquarters to three artists with a very good service guiding the visitors and making feel, equally at ease, the audience and the works of art, even from some green challenge declared to be ecological. Thank God we are not in the Orsay Museum of Le Louvre
This complete covering of the event I was able to work on, plus some suggestions for further development and opening to other arts than only plastic arts inside exhibition rooms or halls and on portable media. The opinions and tips are just mine of course, not those of an Artificial Intelligence requested to caress the wild artistic animals of this event smoothly and avoid ruffling their hairs. I apologize if some find it slightly rough at times. Arts are often harsh, and thus critics have to be harsh too. To critically cover an art exhibition is a love affair, and as they say in French, we could pretend that good lovers are also good at chastising those they love.
Les Arts en Balade à Clermont-Ferrand ce mois de mai 2024 ont été un succès car ils se sont étendus à deux villes hors agglomération clermontoise, Thiers et Vic-Le-Comte, il y avait beaucoup de monde partout, il y avait plus de 240 artistes ou groupes dans environ le même nombre de lieux : des espaces publics dédiés à de tels événements, des institutions professionnelles exprimant ainsi leur soutien comme l'Ordre des Avocats et l'Ordre des Architectes, de nombreux magasins en tout genre ouvrant leurs commerces à un ou deux artistes, mais aussi de nombreux appartements en ville transformés en ateliers. où les artistes pouvaient présenter leur travail. Ils furent également une réussite car ils durèrent quatre jours et furent tout aussi denses le vendredi 17 mai que les trois jours suivants jusqu'au lundi 20 mai. A noter le cas de Michelin qui a ouvert ses salles de conférence et d’exposition à son siège social à trois artistes avec un très bon service guidant les visiteurs et faisant sentir, également à l'aise, le public et les œuvres d'art, même de quelque défi vert déclaré écologique. Dieu merci, nous ne sommes pas au Musée d'Orsay ou du Louvre
Ce reportage complet de l'événement sur lequel j'ai pu travailler, ainsi que ...
A novel of political fiction that does not reach science-fiction but wants to tell us a lot about the modern world and what the choices are for us in this decaying future. The pattern, the Gestalt of this book seems to be that no matter what humans try to do, good or bad, progressive or reactionary, democratic or dictatorial, there is no hope and no future for those initiatives. Any attempt at changing the decaying world we live in is doomed to be a failure.
What is history? The production of what happens in our world, in fact, in the cosmos, and no human individual, no human crowd, no human anything can control or change the course of such events. If by any chance we want to understand what makes history, we have to consider billions, maybe trillions of parameters in the cosmos and we, the human dwarves we are, do not even control half a dozen of them and our vanity makes us believe we can command the cosmos because we want to be gods. In the old days and in other civilizations than the Western denied Bible, they were humble enough to give this power to a God that was not of the human species.
Here Salman Rushdie follows a witch bewitched by a goddess who pretends she can create a whole empire from a bag, or rather a sack of seeds, and this leads to a total and pitiful defeat and absolute termination of the attempt, but it means Salman Rushdie is predicting that all the positive elements his witch tries, religious tolerance, education for boys and girls equally, women’s rights, gender-friendly policies, peace and coexistence, and finally freedom of expression are all doomed to fail and crumble as soon as they reach some height. In other words, his novel and his vision are the rewriting of the Babel Tower myth.
Sorry boys and girls, no future for any progressive dream, just as much as for any regressive nightmare. Life and history are neither a dream nor a nightmare. They are nothing but cosmic determinism governed by the cosmos itself, and we can be happy with the fact our world is not in a black hole. But after all, maybe that’s the destiny and fate of humanity, to end up in a bottomless black hole.
Rochefort-en-Terre : les 10 trésors du villageGuyon Jacky
Pour faciliter la découverte du village préféré des français aux touristes de passage, l'office de tourisme de Rochefort-en-Terre met depuis quelques jours à leur disposition une carte du village avec la description des dix lieus à ne pas manquer.
Il s'agit de BD, comics, comic books, comic strips, et cartoons, une forme d'art contestataire par définition qui ne sait saisir que la profondeur de la frustration, l'aliénation, la castration, bref la souffrance. La souffrance du corps, la souffrance de l'âme, oui de l'âme, la souffrance mentale, cette souffrance qui vous torture jour et nuit jusqu'à la mort car il n'y a pas d'espoir d'en sortir dans un monde qui exige l'effort, le travail, l'imagination et la vision inspiratrice de l'avenir et tout cela c'est dur - MAIS ENTHOUSIASMANT. La plupart des gens ne comprennent pas que le bonheur ne se trouve que dans le travail au service des autres et dans l'effort mental, intellectuel et créatif qui seul réalise et augmente notre force de travail, notre créativité sans lesquels nous ne sommes pas humains. La retraite n'est pas la sortie du monde du travail mais doit être la recherche d'une nouvelle place dans ce monde du travail. Le droit à la paresse est une bêtise mentale et une absurdité existentielle. Et être grand-mère ou grand-père n'est pas une profession digne de quoi que ce soit. C'est un plaisir mais cultiver son jardin est plus important que de donner des bonbons aux petits enfants.
Chères guides, chers scouts, chers aînés, chers amis,
Bienvenue sur les terres de France qui accueillent aujourd’hui le 4ème Eurojam de l’Union Internationale des Guides et Scouts d’Europe. Le premier Eurojam avait eu lieu en France il y a 30 ans. En 1984, nous étions 5.000 scouts et guides venus de 6 nations.
Aujourd’hui en 2014, nous sommes 12.500 venus de 18 nations.
Depuis près de 3 ans des équipes internationales travaillent et se dépensent sans compter pour que cet Eurojam soit pour chacun de vous un camp unique, grandiose, un camp en pleine forêt.
Nous avons bâti pour vous cette « ville dans la forêt » et les bâtisseurs de cette ville sont là, devant vous. Certains d’entre eux campent depuis 3 semaines pour monter les infrastructures et permettre votre accueil. Ils sont guides aînées, routiers, amis et ils vous serviront pendant ces 10 jours et certains resteront pour tout ranger. Ce qu’ils font est magnifique.
Merci aussi à tous ceux qui ont rendu cela possible : les services de l’Etat qui nous ont aidés de leurs précieux conseils, les maires et tous ceux qui nous ont soutenus matériellement ou par leur prière .
Pour arriver jusqu’ici, la plupart d’entre vous avez traversé montagnes et vallées, plaines et forêts ; cette terre de France sur laquelle nous vous accueillons, qu’elle soit aussi la vôtre pendant ce camp : terre de Foi Chrétienne, terre de bâtisseurs, terres de missionnaires.
Nos bras et nos coeurs vous sont ouverts.
Au nom de tous les membres de l’Association Française, nous vous redisons : soyez les bienvenus en France !
Dans le parcours historique de la ville de Clermont de l'Oise :
"Nous vous proposons de découvrir les charmes de notre belle cité, à travers un parcours original, ponctué de roses anciennes.
Laissez-vous guider par les végétaux et laissez-vous surprendre par l’architecture. En grimpant la colline , vous remonterez les siècles jusqu’au Donjon médiéval, à l’origine de Clermont."
Les Arts en Balade in Clermont-Ferrand this month of May 2024 were a success because they expanded to two cities outside Clermont conurbation, Thiers and Vic-Le-Comte, there were many people everywhere, there were 240+ artists or groups in about the same number of places: public spaces dedicated for such events, supportive professional institutions like the Order of Lawyers and the Order of Architects, many stores of all sorts opening their businesses to one or two artists, and also many apartments in the city transformed into workshops where artists could present their work. They were also a success because they lasted four days and were just as dense on Friday, May 17 as on the three following days up to Monday, May 20. Note the case of Michelin who opened their conference rooms and galleries in their Headquarters to three artists with a very good service guiding the visitors and making feel, equally at ease, the audience and the works of art, even from some green challenge declared to be ecological. Thank God we are not in the Orsay Museum of Le Louvre
This complete covering of the event I was able to work on, plus some suggestions for further development and opening to other arts than only plastic arts inside exhibition rooms or halls and on portable media. The opinions and tips are just mine of course, not those of an Artificial Intelligence requested to caress the wild artistic animals of this event smoothly and avoid ruffling their hairs. I apologize if some find it slightly rough at times. Arts are often harsh, and thus critics have to be harsh too. To critically cover an art exhibition is a love affair, and as they say in French, we could pretend that good lovers are also good at chastising those they love.
Les Arts en Balade à Clermont-Ferrand ce mois de mai 2024 ont été un succès car ils se sont étendus à deux villes hors agglomération clermontoise, Thiers et Vic-Le-Comte, il y avait beaucoup de monde partout, il y avait plus de 240 artistes ou groupes dans environ le même nombre de lieux : des espaces publics dédiés à de tels événements, des institutions professionnelles exprimant ainsi leur soutien comme l'Ordre des Avocats et l'Ordre des Architectes, de nombreux magasins en tout genre ouvrant leurs commerces à un ou deux artistes, mais aussi de nombreux appartements en ville transformés en ateliers. où les artistes pouvaient présenter leur travail. Ils furent également une réussite car ils durèrent quatre jours et furent tout aussi denses le vendredi 17 mai que les trois jours suivants jusqu'au lundi 20 mai. A noter le cas de Michelin qui a ouvert ses salles de conférence et d’exposition à son siège social à trois artistes avec un très bon service guidant les visiteurs et faisant sentir, également à l'aise, le public et les œuvres d'art, même de quelque défi vert déclaré écologique. Dieu merci, nous ne sommes pas au Musée d'Orsay ou du Louvre
Ce reportage complet de l'événement sur lequel j'ai pu travailler, ainsi que ...
A novel of political fiction that does not reach science-fiction but wants to tell us a lot about the modern world and what the choices are for us in this decaying future. The pattern, the Gestalt of this book seems to be that no matter what humans try to do, good or bad, progressive or reactionary, democratic or dictatorial, there is no hope and no future for those initiatives. Any attempt at changing the decaying world we live in is doomed to be a failure.
What is history? The production of what happens in our world, in fact, in the cosmos, and no human individual, no human crowd, no human anything can control or change the course of such events. If by any chance we want to understand what makes history, we have to consider billions, maybe trillions of parameters in the cosmos and we, the human dwarves we are, do not even control half a dozen of them and our vanity makes us believe we can command the cosmos because we want to be gods. In the old days and in other civilizations than the Western denied Bible, they were humble enough to give this power to a God that was not of the human species.
Here Salman Rushdie follows a witch bewitched by a goddess who pretends she can create a whole empire from a bag, or rather a sack of seeds, and this leads to a total and pitiful defeat and absolute termination of the attempt, but it means Salman Rushdie is predicting that all the positive elements his witch tries, religious tolerance, education for boys and girls equally, women’s rights, gender-friendly policies, peace and coexistence, and finally freedom of expression are all doomed to fail and crumble as soon as they reach some height. In other words, his novel and his vision are the rewriting of the Babel Tower myth.
Sorry boys and girls, no future for any progressive dream, just as much as for any regressive nightmare. Life and history are neither a dream nor a nightmare. They are nothing but cosmic determinism governed by the cosmos itself, and we can be happy with the fact our world is not in a black hole. But after all, maybe that’s the destiny and fate of humanity, to end up in a bottomless black hole.
This series is very well done, suspenseful, at least as much as possible, twisted and distorted like any crime series should be but unluckily it is biased. It states to anyone who wants to listen that crime has roots in only one thing: family dysfunctioning and nothing else. The fact that society leads some people who do not fit in the standard mold to rebellion, frustration and violence by being biased against them and bullying them all the time and if they want to have contacts with people, they have to go down on their knees and beg for a favor.
That’s too bad because the cases in this rural north Wales area deserve a lot better, and probably, a more open vision of crime in this community.
LA CHAISE-DIEU MÉDIÉVALE & LA RÉVOLUTION BÉNÉDICTINE--MEDIEVAL LA CHAISE-DIEU...Editions La Dondaine
On July 13, 2024, at La Chaise-Dieu, the European Network of Casadean Sites will present a public conference on the topic of the Benedictine Revolution in Livradois-Forez, led by the La Chaise-Dieu Abbaye, starting a bit earlier with the religious reform brought up by Charlemagne in the 9th century. The Abbaye was founded less than 200 years later. The conference will focus the discussion – and it has to be a discussion – on the consequences of the Carolingian religious reform, the agricultural revolution with the invention of the horse collar and the management of the land, the rotation of crops, cultivation, and fertilization. Then the proto-industrial revolution that will bring five types of watermills for grain, oil, tan, hemp (fiber and cloth), and slightly later paper. This will make Livradois-Forez an essential region producing hemp cables and hemp cloth for ships. The first result was 75 days without any work in the year, no work before and after morning and evening angelus, and a pause with midday angelus. The second result was better food and demographical expansion, up to the end of the 13th century.
Then things became darker. Overpopulation brought unrest and all sorts of contests and conflicts at the religious level itself (Crusades in the Middle East, but also against the Cathars in France. Then in 1346, the Black Death, a pandemic in Europe of the bubonic plague, caused a tremendous level of deaths. Then, the One Hundred Years War started in 1337. The resilience of the population enabled Europe in general to go through, and around 1450 the printing press was developed by Gutenberg enabling the printing of books for the highly-needed university training of great numbers of people to bring Europe back on its feet. The Renaissance was the result of this period, a tremendously positive and creative period, and at the same time, a highly-disturbed era with The Reformation, and the religious wars that concerned all countries at a time when nationalism was emerging.
Two speakers-debaters will present the five or six centuries concerned as fast as possible to let the audience debate questions like:
1- The influence and impact of Charlemagne’s religious reform.
2- The feudal system: land ownership and serfdom.
3- The role of technology to produce energy, replace human work, and develop new products.
4- Religious tensions with Avignon and Rome conformist Popes.
5- The role of The Inquisition and religious justice.
6- The fate of the cable industry when Omerin In Ambert is number one in Europe or the world for various high-security and high-technicity cables.
7- The culture: architecture, music, painting, carving, theater, oratorio and opera, literature.
It will take place at LA CHAISE-DIEU – AUDITORIUM GEORGES CZIFFRA
SAMEDI 13 JUILLET 2024 – 14-17 HEURES 30.
The two main speakers so far are Dr Jacques COULARDEAU (Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne) and PhD Graduate Student Clément GOMY (Université Clermont Auvergne
Xavier Rouard searches and researches the linguistic world, scientific research of course, for the origin, the cradle, the homeland, or the motherland, of Indo-European. He is not the only one in the world, but he goes against practically all the others by positioning this linguistic nursery in Central Asia based on a Eurasian or trans-Eurasian language or languages. But precisely Eurasian languages only came into existence from the moment when syntactic-analytic Indo-Iranian languages left the Iranian plateau where they had stationed themselves when they arrived from Black Africa, some 40,000 years ago, or BCE, not much difference here. They had to go through the Ice Age first and finally get on the move after this climate event probably around 15,000 BCE, some east to the southern Asian continent, with Pakistan and India, others west down into Mesopotamia and from there to Europe. These people, on both side, encountered people who spoke other languages, Turkic agglutinative languages, and isolating Sino-Tibetan languages, mostly. These languages had integrated the Denisovans and their own language(s). Thes encountered people were hybrid Homo Sapiens with a varying proportion of Denisovan DNA in Central Asia, and the same in Mesopotamia with a varying proportion od Neanderthalensis DNA. When they reached Europe, the population was essentially of Turkic language and origin with a varying level of hybridization with European Homo Neanderthalensis. It is such encounters that generated or engendered the various Indo-European or Indo-Aryan languages
My approach is phylogenetic and thus it is absolutely impossible for me not to take into consideration the migrations and geographic, hence social, cultural and linguistic movements of these populations. That’s the basic principle of Joseph Greenberg who considered that all these migrations had only one matrix or melting pot that produced the emergence of human articulated language on the basis of what these emerging Homo Sapiens inherited from the other Hominins from which they were descending.
But Joseph Greenberg and his disciples encountered a problem: in all language you should find a certain number of words whose “roots” are universal and stable in meaning. These are the roots coming from Black Africa before any migration out of Black Africa. The problem is then that it does not enable any topology of languages. So, they, Greenberg and his disciples, tried to introduce “grammatical” or “syntactic” words, but even so it does go that far.
To get somewhere you have to ask the question about the phylogeny of articulated language(s), and there you only find three articulations in a precise order: root-languages (by the way vastly ignored by Xavier Rouard), Isolating character languages, and agglutinative as well as synthetic-analytic languages according to the migrations out of Black Africa. If you do not consider this phylogeny, then you put all sorts of languages together in the melting pot [...}
Three crime series in one entry.
First, The Brokenwood Mysteries; seasons 1 to 3.
Second, The Coroner, Complete Series.
Third, The Unforgotten, Series 1 to 4, Complete Series.
Police series, detective stories, criminal mysteries, and many other options in the field of crime and delinquency have been explored by the English from the first moment they started existing, a very long time ago.
Shakespeare and he was not the first author in the field, loved those stories of crimes and criminals, having people assassinated, or mutilated, or tortured on the stage from Titus Andronicus to Romeo and Juliet.
Dickens was a good one too in that field, but Shakespeare looked at crime from the outside, from some ethical point of view. Dickens looked at it from inside, from the point of view of the criminals themselves forced to commit crimes in order to simply survive.
Then you had Mary Shelley and her Frankenstein and then later on Dracula came into the picture, and many others trill we came across Conan Doyle who edicted the proper form of a crime story or detective story, hence an investigation of a crime we can only see from outside, and the investigation is to get into it to see how it got developed and who was the criminal.
Since then, with the radio at first, the cinema next, and finally television leading directly to streaming and the Internet, those police adventures have just become adventures, and the extreme form is what they call action films where violence is no longer criminal since it has been transformed into the ultimate survival if not the final renascence before the apocalypse.
Enjoy these series.
The Mayas are more a cultural and historical mystery than a vast field of knowledge. We know less than we can even imagine about them. Where did they come from? What language did they speak before coming to Mesoamerica? What were their beliefs before arriving in Yucatan? They brought with them cacao, chocolate, writing, mathematics, extremely advanced calendars, phenomenal knowledge about stars, planets and the cosmos. They even brought with them a vigesimal counting system with the mathematics going along with it, including the equivalent of our zero (that we borrowed from the Arabs in the 17th century) that enabled them to count up to the infinite.
The most remarkable achievement is that they managed to merge phenomenal art with the glyphic writing system of theirs. We know the glyphs were works of art, for one, and a syllabary phonetic writing system, for two. For a very long time the second aspect was rejected, particularly by Sir Eric Thompson. Luckily this untruth was rejected after his death, with a little bit of disregard before his death. The glyphs were not flat symbolic of items and purely artistic, like some kind of secondary if not superfluous decoration. The colonizing Spaniards considered that decoration as diabolical and they burned and destroyed all the books and artifacts that carried such artistic representations of Maya reality and such glyphs that could only be the language of the devil.
Imagine how surprised I was when I discovered this catalogue of an exhibition at the MET Museum of Art in New York. They provide some images of the glyphs, and even some sentences written with them. But they systematically ignore the glyphs, transliterate the sentences and words into Latin-transliterated Maya, and simply work and speculate on these transliterations and their translations into English. They lose all the richness of meaning and beauty of the glyphs. In other words, they terminate, bring to a final end the destructive work of the Spaniards, the culturicide of the Mayas and the Maya culture and civilization. My full study (about 15,000 words, only in English) is available
The 3 Literacies of Modern Age, the Trikirion of CommunicationEditions La Dondaine
Review of the Trikirion of Communication:
Symboleracy, Numeracy and Techneracy
The starting point is the phylogeny of communication because the educational topic I am going to address cannot even exist if there is no communication. We have to understand that all Hominins were communicating. Probably all Hominins after Homo Erectus included had some command of some articulated language, but only Homo Sapiens reached the comprehensive and sustainable command of the fully-articulated language, probably around 200,000 BCE.
The next great stage Is the development of representational and symbolic Inscriptions and paintings or engravings on all durable media available, rockface in caves, stone, bone, ivory, and tusks. This symbolic transcription of stories and experience, maybe some spiritual language accompanying some rituals, is the first form of writing seen as symbolic transcription and going back to 300,000 BCE with Homo Naledi, 100,000 BCE with Homo Neanderthalensis, and 50,000 with Homo Sapiens.
Syllabic and alphabetical writing only came around 3,500 BCE for Homo Sapiens. There might have been older cases, but archaeology has not yet covered the whole world for all types of symbolic inscriptions that could have led to symbolic phonetic writing. The next stage was the printing press which enabled mass education and mass communication.
ENTRE IA & LES ÉCRANS LE THÉÄTRE EST EN QUESTION
The Journal “Théâtres du Monde” has just published its 34th issue. I have two articles published in that journal. So here is first of all the table of contents of the 2024 issue, and I added to these three pages all the preparatory work I have done to write the two articles that deal with the series HUNTERS and the author Lorraine HANSBERRY. These reviews and critiques are all bilingual, English for some and French for the others.
I do feel like a raisin the sun. I also added some documents on the recent question brought up about race in the USA where some states are restricting the teaching of slavery and Black history in the USA because it may, might, would, and I think SHOULD traumatize the poor white darlings who really need some traumatization about their imperialistic ideological terrorism.
Four films or series.
1- John Woo’s Silent Night (2023),
2- Doug Liman’s Road House (2024),
3- Albert Hughes’s The Continental (2023),
4- Marcela Saïd and Julien Despaux’s Ourika (2024),
all seen on Amazon’s Prime Video, hence distributed by Amazon Prime Video, all dealing with violence in our societies and all claiming that violence is justified top answer and respond to a violent society, a violence coming from outside our community, and that outside can introduce anti-immigrant accusations or plainly racist claims, both anti-white and anti-any-ethnicity.
Does it help us understand this violence ? Does these films enable us to devise a proper response to prevent and solve such violence? Both times, a resounding NO. But in both cases, it plays in the hands of the most extreme forces on the nationalist side of life, the side that refuses to consider those who are not pure according to their definitions as the cause of all our problems, and not only those people but also all products that may come from the countries concerned by these ethnic groups. This is true in the USA, in Canada, with Mexico playing the wide-open gate to the previous two, and all over Europe.
What game are these streaming services playing? Preparing coming elections! But it might go the wrong way for them. Now what is the wrong way? Good question. No answer because the ballot boxes will be the only valid answer. First stop, the European Elections in June 2024.
Mo Xiang’s third volume of the saga on The Blessing of a Heaven Official is there in front of me and this saga is emanating with so much force that no one can resist the tanha that tells them “Go For It! There is pleasure in it all!” I am sure you want to discover the pleasure there is in these volumes, but remember the authoress is a woman and as such she develops a sweet, soft, and catching psychology that will turn you completely berserk if you do not keep your feet well anchored in the earth.
The King Ghost Hua Cheng from Ghost City is behind every move the ascended Xie Lian is inspiring or is inspired by and for. His meeting this Xie Lian after 800 years of supernatural and surreal life in our vast cosmos was so mind-stirring, intelligence-moving, and body-inspiring that the pure ascetic Buddhist he is supposed to be, nearly fell into the cauldron of eroticism. He managed not to fall, but that was very close this time since he was unconscious and Hua Cheng took advantage of the situation and pretended that he had to save his “friend” before he drowned, though Hua Cheng knew perfectly well Xie Lian could not drown, hence cannot die. But, well, Hua Cheng kissed Xie Lian unconscious as he was, I mean in his unconscious mind, because Xie Lian was unconscious, and thus he could kiss him since he could not protest. What a twisted and I guess tortured mind he is. He should try Buddhist meditation to hypnotize himself into plain decent abstinence.
But sure enough, the encounter with the Venerable of Empty Words promises to be a fair adventure in which Xie Lian’s mind and body will be chastised, abused, and even probably raped. There will be quite a lot of repair work to do on the psyche and the conscious rightfulness of our Xie Lian. I guess Hua Cheng will take advantage of such situations to steal a couple more kisses. Never trust a ghost because they have no soul anymore and they have no honor either. So, lying, pretending, and even impersonating what they are not to seduce their gullible victims is some kind of sport for these fuzzy beings, if they can really BE.
Oppenheimer is an essential character in US history. He is the left-leaning Jew who provided the USA with the Atom Bomb that enabled the US to defeat Japan faster than the planned standard land and air attack by the Soviets and the Chinese Communists, officially endorsed in the Yalta Conference ( 4–11 February 1945) by Churchill, Truman, and Stalin. Truman did not have the atomic bomb yet and will only have it in July 1945. So, he bluffed and agreed with the Soviet plan because he had no alternative … yet. He reneged his agreement in July-August 1945, and he dropped two atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945. The victory over Germany was a joint effort. The victory over Japan was a self-centered and egotistic solitary procedure not even negotiated with the allies of the US. The United Kingdom might have been informed, maybe. But the USSR was not. The Americans were already and had been for nearly two centuries, on the “America First” and “Make America Great Forever” lines that we have known all along and directly since 1918.
And within 9 years Oppenheimer will be ostracized because he was leaning to the left and there were Communists around him. He submitted and disappeared in some sideline university job. He had nowhere to go, as opposed to Charlie Chaplin who went back to England. As a Jew, he could have gone to Israel, but that was not a real optimistic solution at the time. He might even have gone to the USSR with his communist wife. But he stayed put in the USA, in his closet-university-job. The film does not really explore this dilemma: hide away in the USA, go to the Jewish Israel, or go to the USSR. On one hand, it was his old depressive nature that came back. On the other hand, it would have been going back to his faith and his roots, even if it could have looked like treason. On the third hand, on yet another other hand, it would have been plain treason.
THE DESCENT TO HELL IN THREE STAGES – 2003-2015-2019
I brought together three films and series presented here both in English and French in anti-chronological order.
1- The film 7500, 2019.
2- The series Blindspot, 2015-2020.
3- The film The Dreamers, 2003
If you take them in this backward order, you may understand that today’s world is not at all different from the one in 1968 when the Vietnam War was going on full blast, the Chinese Cultural Revolution was in full swing and the West per se was living its first full sexual revolution with the arrival of the baby-boomers to the full unquenchable desire to hormonally and fully enjoy life. Have some interesting reading.
FIRST STAGE – AMAZON STUDIOS – 7500 – 2019
There is little to say about such a film. It is just artificial entertainment that shows nothing and proves nothing. It is all stressing detail to keep the audience glued to the screen.
SECOND STAGE – BLINDSPOT – FULL SERIES – FIVE SEASONS – 2015-2020
A very long series for very little apart from stressed and stressful situations that always end well anyway, meaning leading to a worse situation in the next episode.
THIRD STAGE – BERNARDO BERTOLUCCI – THE DREAMERS – 2003
Paris Spring 1968. We all know what happened then in France. The victory of the unions, the defeat of the left, and the impossibility for the left to understand that any “events” of that sort will always lead to the victory of the right in the next elections, and today we have to update the data and say the victory of the extreme right. It might be slightly more complex, but basically, that’s what it is and when the left wins this social-minded left will become conservative within at the most two years and it might even turn reactionary within these two years, at times even less. They like power so much.
Amazon Prime Video and Blumhouse Productions love dysfunctioning mothers who, in the name of their love for their children, are ready to kill anyone only on their gut feelings that this anyone is guilty of who knows what apart from the devil.
The film is tricky enough to lure and fool the audience, and the horror of the racist and dysfunctional situation can be believed till the end when the trick is revealed. Note this revelation implies that all daughters from divorced or motherless families are by definition, even by principle, liars.
You might also find the father falling in an ice-cold river under a blizzard of some sort funny, and with his winter coat on, and then he goes on parading around outside, in the unheated car, and even in some kind of social situation without changing his freezing clothes. Like at the Oscars yesterday the costume design Oscar was delivered to a costume designer wearing no clothes at all, except a small cardboard sign where sexually necessary for the picture, meaning that costume designers are so badly treated and paid that they cannot even afford to buy underwear.
A little bit more about the context, schools, religion, Islam and girls, divorced parents, single Muslim male parent, etc. would have maybe given some depth to the story and made it less artificial.
A film that wants to be science-fiction. So, learn the lessons that emerge from it.
1- Let black doctors or scientists get into a hospital “laboratory” and the most unimaginable horrors will take place.
2- Let black people be fully treated in a hospital and they will become guinea pigs, especially in the hands of black doctors.
3- Let a mother treat her son and the worst possible crime will take place under your own nose and in front of your own eyes.
4- Shall I go on?
If this is not pure racism laced with some sexism, I just wonder what would qualify. How can anyone imagine such man-made scientific schizophrenia to be possible in the hands and under the scalpel of a doctor, a scientist? I guess it is urgent to have clear regulations and controls on such activities. Because be sure that wild clandestine medical experiments are happening every day in the world.
Duration is all that plants and animals experience. They last as long as either possible or necessary. When the phylogenic target of bringing in the next generation of life is fulfilled, the plant or the animal can die or wither away. Homo Sapiens, and probably most Hominins developed from experience the need to measure this duration, at first in days and nights, and then in clusters of days and nights. Then they can coordinate their observations and notice some cosmic items go through regular existential cycles, first of all, the sun rising or lowering in the sky with shortening or lengthening days and nights. Second, the moon and its phases are numbered as two, four, or three, but systematically waxing and waning. You can easily measure all that in solar days and that is the beginning of time: a human invention quantifying the duration of anything in observable regular elements.
From what we know the Mayas were among the most advanced people for such time-quantification and they developed all sorts of calendars to do this. But they were neither the first one nor the last one. They were not the best either, though they were very good. I will even say that all the lines of dots or check marks or squares or other geometric forms we can find in all the caves in the world in which Hominins and Homo Sapiens lived and that they decorated in many ways are the quantification of various phenomena, though we don’t always know which ones.
This book by Hunbatz Men concentrates on Mayan calendars but in modern language and modern terms, not necessarily in the real Mayan terms at the time, up to 3,000 years ago. It assumes the Mayas were aware of the leap years, though we do not seem to have any real reason to believe so. The author does not work on any serious lunar hypothesis, maybe a calendar. It vaguely mentions but does not explore the Venus cycles as Morning Star and as Evening Star. To work on the Pleiades, why not, yet one question does not concern such a long cycle but the simple working of the ritualistic 260-day Tzolk’in Calendar that is out of sync with the solar calendar, the 365-day Haab Calendar, and even more so if we consider the 360-day Haab Calendar, and how the ritual activities dictated by the Tzolk’in Calendar can be prescribed and predicted and performed when their Tzolk’in dates can fall at any time, in any season in the Haab Calendar. It is hard enough to coordinate the 12-and-a-half moon cycles over a solar calendar, but many civilizations are dealing with it and managing it with cyclical corrections.
That’s why it would have been good to give us some elements on this very same problem with the Tzolk’in calendar when we can compare with the difficult adaptation of the Muslim Lunar ritualistic calendar to the Gregorian calendar. The floating Ramadan is the result of this necessary adaptation. In other words, the present book is slightly short.
To bring together South Africa in the days of apartheid and from the point of view of the white Afrikaners with the tremendous career of Queen with Freddie Mercury and after his death without him shows how ahead of their times this band was when they started as a boys’ band and then when they matured into a full-fledged career.
Apartheid and racism bring segregation and discrimination which systematically reject differences. No future for those who do not have the skin color, the religion, the language, the sexuality, the musical affiliation, even as a simple audience, as the dominant, selected, elected, chosen entity that only has god and science over their heads. And their God has chosen these people to be his chosen people, and these people chosen by God believe what God has explained to them that science justifies their elected-ness, selected-ness or chosen-ness. They are the acme of the creation, and all others are just plain rejects that no one has the heart to destroy.
But be sure God will do it some day. Which god since there are many if not even plenty? Who cares. Each God will recognize his own supporters when they are all dead.
But then you may have no supporters at all, dear God or Gods. It does not really matter. We don’t need these supporters to eat, drink and survive. We have all we need in heaven and the sky. In fact, it was a mistake of ours to have created humanity. The planet would be so much better with none of the human parasites.
Meet the Madman Prophet, who is most the time mixed up with the other God Profit who is universal and derails every so many years, not so many as you may think every ten years or so. But with this God there is always a small population that manages to store away what they need to take over when the crisis has come to an end and the dead victims have been buried or cremated.
An interesting experiment to bring a poetry workshop in a prison For us who have lived in the mythology of Johnny Cash and San Quentin, and all his songs and work about and in prisons there is nothing strange about that But what happens afterward? The inmates get some satisfaction in their work, writing poetry and singing, slam or whatever it may be, but what’s next after their prison term? No reason to reject the experiment but a follow-up action is necessary to know what these men – and it is only men – have become or will become when they get out of the railings, out of the cage. We are not all Johnny Cash, are we?
Since this operation was sponsored by Alliance Française, it would nice to know what kind of follow-up work this Alliance Française is going to perform. The responsibility cannot be the poet’s. But it is interesting to be confirmed one more time that there are many ways for prison inmates to reform. One element is not taken into account. 98% of the population is Sunni Muslims. What is the impact on such an experiment? What does Islam bring to the experiment that would otherwise not be there. Étienne Russias should try to show us this dimension, since, as far as I know, he is a standard young man educated in the Christian traditions, maybe not the religion, but the traditions definitely like being christened, being buried religiously, being married religiously. How did he deal with a 98 percent Muslim group? How many Muslims were taking part, among the inmates and among the workshop workers?
But that’s the beginning of the intelligent globalization we need, a globalization that is founded on differences and not some westernized homogenization.
(No French Translation) The Incas partly inherited and partly developed phenomenal agriculture in the very hard conditions of the Andes: desertic areas, difficult water resources, high altitude, no real draft animal, no wheel, and yet the Andes before and under the Incas produced miraculous results that the Spaniards destroyed in a few years with epidemics and mass killing.
It is easy to say the Incas were barbarians and that covers the genocide, the culturicide, the systematic uprooting and exposing of anything they could have believed or done, based on NO direct contact with them before the “conquest” that must have killed 50% of the population in two or three years with smallpox and other infantile and childhood diseases, plus a few sword killings when there was some resistance.
Unluckily, Gordon McEwan does not really come to a clear vision in his book because he only bases his work on what has been collected by others essentially on the only source of some Spanish colonizers trying to justify the massacre and apocalyptic colonization. The real barbarians were the colonizers, and it is their testimony that is nearly only taken into account. Archaeology is about one century behind what it is in other regions of the world.
Things have slightly changed over the last ten years, but we are still a long way behind what we should have done. That leaves the door open to some like Hunbatz Men pretending the Mayas, Incas and many other Indigenous Native Americans are the descendants of the humanoid people who were established in two continents that have disappeared without leaving any trace of their existence behind them, Mu and Atlantis. And then it is easy to bring in that the inhabitants of these two disappeared continents were extra-humans from some distant civilization who landed on earth and prospered and then found some humanoid animals there and civilized them. We are their descendants, I mean of these extra-humanly civilized humanoid animals from long ago.
Maybe we could simply ask some questions about the origins of the Incas, the Mayas, and many other native American peoples of South and Meso-America. We know the Native Americans of North America and Canada up to Greenland came from Siberia. But that solution is not, feasible for the Native Americans of South and Meso-America. But we are so mentally colonized by North American Protestant Puritans who believe they are the center of the world that research about South America and Mesoamerica has scandalously been neglected. Some mental colonization of this type is also a genocide since it excludes millions of people from what these North American WASPs call the “human race” which is of course white, etc.
L’Olimpiade is an opera on a libretto that was extremely popular in the 18th century in Italy and Europe. The plot is in many ways repulsive: cheating in the Olympic Games. Stealing the woman your friend loves and who loves your friend. Getting rid of the first lover you had for a woman you desire but who will never love you since she loves your friend. She knows you are a cheater, a monster in many ways.
But her father, the king of Sicione is even worse. He had had in the past his son exposed to the sea, in other words, thrown into the sea when a newborn for him to drown. Then he turned his daughter into the prize of a sports event, a fight of some type between several champions: the winner can marry the daughter. Obnoxious.
And he discovers the cheater he has just condemned to be sacrificed on the main altar of the city is his son. He does not even beg for pity and forgiveness. He just accepts the situation and decides – like the king he pretends to be – the son will marry the woman he abandoned in Crete and his friend will marry his daughter, I mean the king’s daughter of course.
How can you save such a pathetic plot? In the 18th century, it was already difficult. Think of The Marriage of Figaro by Mozart or Le Marriage de Figaro by Beaumarchais. The main nobleman, a count if I remember well these useless but meaningful details, sees his authority, his privileges rejected and contained by his wife and the servants of the house, Figaro of course first of all. How can we today find it funny to celebrate a cheater, a liar, a vindicative violent person, and it all has to, ought to, and must be excused because of his drastic fate dictated by his own father and a disobedient servant who is the only humane and modern character: A servant does not have to obey an order if it goes against his own ethics.
2. JEAN-FRANÇOIS CELLIER – UN SACRÉ CŒUR,
VIE ET MORT DU PÈRE GASCHON –
ECKBOLSHEIM – 31 MAI 2023
DESCRIPTION DE L’ÉDITEUR, IN FRENCH
Un cœur très rouge.
Un cœur tellement vif qu’on s’attendrait à le voir battre.
Un cœur miraculeusement imprimé sur le torse, teint dans les fibres même de la peau. Faisant peau.
C’est celui d’un vieillard au cheveux argent. Le vieil homme repose là, sur la dalle froide d’une chapelle.
En son chœur.
Ce 8 frimaire an 1818 s’est éteint Jean-François Gaschon. Il était aumônier à l’hospice d’Ambert.
Pourquoi, alors, cette foule incommensurable, des plus hauts dignitaires aux plus simples sujets,
l’enserre-t-elle ?
Pourquoi faut-il retenir toutes ces mains avides avant qu’elles
ne lui arrachent, ne serait-ce qu’un lambeau de tissu ? Avant qu’elles ne le dépècent pour de bon ?
Comme on dépeça Ravaillac.
Etait-il à ce point haït ?
Non.
Il est à ce point aimé.
« L’amour est un feu dévorant » nous dit l’Ecriture.
Pont Roman d’Olliergues
MY REVIEW IN FRENCH FIRST AND ENGLISH SECOND
J’ai beaucoup aimé la première partie BD du livre et j’ai trouvé la deuxième partie texte riche
et relativement bien informée. Je comprends parfaitement et respecte l’intention et l’objectif du livre
qui est d’amener l’église catholique à donner le titre – canoniser dit-on dans une autre langue – de
Saint au Père Gaschon d’Ambert dont la chapelle de l’Hôpital d’Ambert justement vient d’être
rénovée entièrement et remise dans son état le plus digne de ce Père Gaschon que nous
vénérons tous dans le pays du Livradois Forez. Mais nous vénérons cet homme à la fois
conformément à ce que nous pouvons savoir de SON histoire, de l’histoire du Livradois Forez, et
d’une légende que tout le monde raconte régulièrement, même s’il y en a de nombreuses versions.
Ce qui est partiellement absent du livre, c’est la façon – et disons-le clairement inattendue – dont
3. le Père Gaschon a réussi à survivre dans le Livradois Forez pendant plus de dix ans en prêtre
réfractaire refusant toute allégeance au pouvoir d’état, d’abord révolutionnaire, puis consulaire et
impérial.
Cela tient à une propension historique de ce territoire, et cela remonte à loin. Je vais
simplement donner quelques éléments sur la parfaite double allégeance du Livradois Forez.
La Seigneurie de Meymont est très ancienne et la chapelle castrale qui a survécu à l’histoire
jusqu’à présent, la chapelle Saint Pierre, désacralisée par ailleurs, date du 9ème
siècle, d’avant le
style roman. Le Seigneur de Meymont autorisa très tôt à ce que les serfs, principaux travailleurs
agricoles à l’époque puissent (le servage a été imposé par la réforme religieuse et sociale de
Charlemagne au 9ème
siècle) avoir un métier à tisser dans chaque foyer, ou famille, ou « feu »
comme on disait alors pour tisser l’année durant quand du temps disponible se présentait le
chanvre qu’Olliergues et la Seigneurie de Meymont cultivait largement. Lesdits serfs pouvaient
ensuite vendre la toile ainsi produite sur les marchés. Pour permettre cela la Seigneurie de
Meymont et l’église mirent à la disposition de tous quatre types de moulins à eau sur le territoire de
cette Seigneurie : moulin à grain, moulin à huile, moulin à tan et moulin à foulon pour la fibre et la
toile de chanvre. Il reste de nombreux vestiges des biefs et des moulins concernés et un groupe
d’entre eux à Repote ont trouvé des utilisations modernes. Un d’eux, ou plusieurs, un ensemble
tant sur la Repote et sur la Dore sont devenu l’usine Omerin où la technologie du câble de haute
sécurité dont Omerin est numéro UN mondial a été inventée à la fin des années 1950. Entretenue,
cette usine cependant a cessé toute activité et il est regrettable qu’elle ne soit pas mise en valeur
et utilisée par exemple pour des activités d’éducation du Collège d’Olliergues ou d’autres
établissements scolaires.
Ces moulins ont laissé derrière eux de nombreux biefs et certains sont utilisés par un barrage
EDF, par une turbine au cours de l’eau privée, par l’ancienne usine Villadère qui contient elle aussi
une turbine sur dérivation canalisée, elle aussi privée. Un moulin en parfait état de fonctionner
(moyennant quelques remises en forme) à Saint Gervais sous Meymont est encore debout, même
si inutilisé. À Giroux Gare la papeterie est bien sûr un développement des nombreux moulins sur la
Dore et la Faye.
Pour que les serfs puissent aller aisément au marché de Tours sur Meymont, ou même au-
delà pour vendre leur toile de chanvre et les produits qu’ils pouvaient vendre (toujours sur la base
du partage des émoluments de ces ventes avec le Seigneur de Meymont), le Seigneur justement
fit construire le pont du Diable, premier pont sur la Dore au 12ème
-13ème
siècle. Dès le 11ème
siècle
une convention avec la toute jeune Abbaye de La Chaise-Dieu permit à l’Église Saint Martin de la
Chabasse de payer une rente pour les services religieux fournis par l’abbaye, avec en plus un
4. prieuré à Saint Gervais sous Meymont, mais d’autres églises comme celle de la Chapelle-Agnon
(chapelle comme son nom l’indique) qui faisait partie de la Seigneurie de Meymont jusqu’à la fin du
13ème
siècle quand le Seigneur de Meymont coupa sa seigneurie en deux pour doter ses deux
filles.
Il y a sur le territoire de cette ancienne seigneurie un très profond attachement religieux qui se
révéla extrêmement puissant dans deux occasions. Quand les soldats du Capitaine Merle, le
militaire protestant qui occupait Mende (et y détruisit la cathédrale) arrivèrent à Ambert, ils
commencèrent par abattre l’église Saint Jean, puis pillèrent le prieuré de Sauxillanges à Vertolaye,
où l’usine EUROAPI est elle aussi positionnée sur les sites d’anciens moulins sur la Dore et le
Ruisseau de Vertolaye. Puis ils continuèrent vers Olliergues, le village principal étant fortifié avec
un château sur le piton central et une forte présence militaire du fait du rôle important de la
baronnie d’Olliergues dans l’appareil militaire du Roi de France avec l’acquisition du titre de
Vicomte de Turenne par la mariage d’Agne IV avec sa cousine directe Anne de Beaufort sur
dérogation papale. Agne IV augmenta le rôle militaire auprès du Roi de France à la fin de la
Guerre de Cent Ans. Les Protestants ne purent pas prendre le village. Ils incendièrent ce qu’ils
purent dans la partie du village non fortifiée, rue du Pavé qui remontait à l’époque jusqu’à la route
des pèlerinages. Puis ils continuèrent vers Le Brugeron. Le Baron d’Olliergues, Marquis de
Turenne fit passer l’ordre à tous les serfs de faire le nécessaire. Il n’y eut pas un seul survivant du
côté des protestants et un lieu-dit existe un peu en dessous du Brugeron, le Grun Batailler, où cet
événement eut lieu.
C’est dire l’extrême sentiment religieux de ce pays d’Olliergues dans le Livradois Forez. Le
château des Barons d’Olliergues ne fut pas détruit à la Révolution, car le trésor du château avait
été emporté sous Louis XV vers Paris pour une évaluation de la famille (N’oublions pas qu’alors
Henri de Turenne, Baron d’Olliergues et Prince de Sedan était enterré dans la Basilique Saint
Denis, Basilique où étaient enterrés les membres de la famille royale, car la famille des Barons
d’Olliergues avaient du sang royal, la preuve en étant la bandeau route de bâtardise royale des
armes de la ville. Il semble que les Barons d’Olliergues firent comme l’Amiral d’Estaing de Ravel,
et le général La Fayette en Haute Loire. Ils libérèrent leurs serfs et nullifièrent tous les documents
féodaux. Les cahiers de doléances de la ville d’Olliergues méritent qu’on y jette un coup d’œil. Le
profond sentiment religieux de la population allait de pair avec le profond sentiment de la nécessité
d’un changement politique et économique. Le Livradois Forez produisit des révolutionnaires
parfois sanguinaires. Cette double allégeance permit au Père Gaschon des survivre pendant près
de dix ans dans la montagne, dans la forêt, passant d’une ferme à l’autre et continuant à officier et
assurant les sacrements religieux. Cela ne fut possible que parce que la population, toute
révolutionnaire qu’elle était, était aussi profondément religieuse. C’est une particularité historique
5. d’Olliergues et cela n’est pas suffisamment mis en valeur. Le Père Gaschon n’était rien sans cette
assise dans la conscience des gens. Lors de la mort du Père Gaschon, une foule importante
assista à ses obsèques et une vénération durable survécut et survit encore dans la population.
Ce travail de réflexion sur le long terme historique précédant le Père Gaschon n’enlève rien à
cet homme, mais lui donne un ancrage dans le temps et l’âme des gens, certains souriront et
diront la conscience des gens, d’autres diront même l’inconscient des gens, mais il n’en reste pas
moins que le Père Gaschon est un prodige en soi, et rien que pour cela il mérite qu’on l’honore. La
Chapelle de l’hôpital d’Ambert a été rénovée avec le soutien de l’entreprise et de la Fondation
Omerin. C’est bien. Mais il serait probablement bien que les établissements scolaires du territoires
réfléchissent sur cette dualité d’obédience et d’allégeance de la région depuis très longtemps.
Olliergues était un poste militaire Gaulois avant de devenir un poste militaire romain ou gallo-
romain. Et il est toujours là, le poste militaire.
La Chapelle Saint Pierre de Meymont mériterait une remise en état et une nouvelle utilisation.
La structure souterraine bâtie – et heureusement murée – de l’église paroissiale d’Olliergues
mériterait un chantier archéologique pour la réouvrir, murée qu'elle est depuis plusieurs siècles.
Elle a été inventoriée en 1996. De même la Sainte Anne Trinitaire emprisonnée dans le grenier du
château, commandée par Agne IV – comme le pont roman d’Olliergues lui aussi – au 15ème
siècle
(et gardons en mémoire que l’épouse d’Agne IV est Anne de Beaufort) et rénovée sous le maire
6. Lucien Drouot au début des années 1970, mériterait l’investissement de mise en sécurité dans une
châsse digne de ce nom dans l’église paroissiale, comme celle de la Vierge à l’enfant romane de
Courpière. Mais ici le côté révolutionnaire de la population ressort et les rend grincheux et rapiats.
Si on ajoute tout l’héritage économique, culturel agricoles avec les terrasses et les rases des
bénédictins de La Chaise-Dieu du 11ème
siècle (sinon le 10ème
) au 18ème
siècle, la structure bâtie
sous l’église, les salles souterraines du château murées quand l’école publique était dans le
château, pour empêcher les potaches d’aller dans les sous-sols, un vrai projet patrimonial est
possible et les ramifications vers La Chaise-Dieu, la Basilique Saint Denis, les Invalides (où
Turenne a été enterré par Napoléon) et bien d’autres encore, permettraient un projet à dimension
européenne qui d’ailleurs pourrait aisément prendre une dimension régionale en s’appuyant sur le
patrimoine roman, gothique et culturel de la région Livradois Forez ou de la grande Auvergne, la
patrie de plus de Vierges Noires – et pas seulement noires – que n’importe où ailleurs dans le
monde.
Le Père Gaschon dans tout cela est une étoile qui devrait nous mener sur la route de nos
lendemains. L’ennui c’est que tout cela va si lentement. Mais là un miracle est toujours possible.
Dr. Jacques COULARDEAU
ENGLISH VERSION
I really liked the first comic part of the book, and I found the second text part rich and relatively
well-informed. I fully understand and respect the intention and the objective of the book which is to
bring the Catholic Church to give the title – canonize one says in another language – of Saint to
Father Gaschon from Ambert whose chapel attached to the Hospital of Ambert has just been
completely renovated and restored to its most worthy state for this Father Gaschon whom we all
venerate in the Livradois Forez region. But we venerate this man both following what we can know
of HIS story, the history of Livradois Forez, and a legend that everyone refers to regularly, even if
there are many versions of it. What is partially absent from the book is the way – and let us say it is
clearly unexpected – in which Father Gaschon managed to survive in Livradois Forez for more
than ten years as a refractory priest refusing all allegiance to state power, first revolutionary, then
consular and imperial.
7. This is due to the historical propensity of this territory, and this goes back a long way. I will
simply give a few elements of the perfect double allegiance of Livradois Forez and its population.
The Lordship of Meymont is very old and the castle chapel which has survived history until
now, the Saint Peter’s chapel, deconsecrated by the way, dates from the 9th century, before the
Romanesque style developed. The Lord of Meymont authorized very early that the serfs who were
the main agricultural workforce at the time (serfdom was imposed by the religious and social
reform of Charlemagne in the 9th century), could have a loom in each household, family, or
“hearth” as they said then to weave all year round when some time was available, the hemp that
Olliergues and the estate of Meymont cultivated extensively. The said serfs could then sell the
canvas thus produced on the markets. To allow this, the Lord of Meymont and the church made all
four types of water mills available on the territory of this estate: grain mills, oil mills, tan mills, and
fulling mills for fiber and hemp canvas. There remain many infrastructural items of the locks and
mills concerned, and a group of them at Repote have found modern uses. One of them, or several,
a set both on the Repote and on the Dore became the Omerin factory where the high-security
cable technology of which Omerin is the world’s number one producer was developed at the end of
the 1950s. Maintained in good upkeep, this factory, however, has ceased all activity and,
regrettably, it is not developed and used, for example, for educational activities at the
Comprehensive Junior High School of Olliergues or other educational establishments.
These mills have left behind many locks, and some are used by one EDF hydraulic dam,
another by a private turbine using the current of the river, and still, another or a set of them had
become the old crumbling Villadère factory which also contains another private turbine on a
canalized bypass. A mill in perfect working order (with some necessary refurbishment) in Saint
Gervais sous Meymont is still standing, even if unused. At Giroux-Gare the paper mill is of course
a development of the many mills on the Dore and the Faye in the old days.
For the serfs to be able to easily go to the market of Tours-sur-Meymont, or even beyond, to
sell their hemp canvass and the agricultural produces they could sell (always based on sharing the
8. emoluments of these sales with the Lord of Meymont), the Lord had the Devil's Bridge built in
Giroux that was not Giroux-Gare yet of course, the first bridge over the Dore in the 12th-13th
century. Starting in the 11th century an agreement with the very young Abbey of La Chaise-Dieu
allowed the Church of Saint Martin de la Chabasse to pay rent for the religious services provided
by the abbey, with in addition a priory at Saint-Gervais-sous-Meymont, and other churches such as
that of La Chapelle-Agnon (a chapel as the name of the village suggests) which was part of the
Lordship of Meymont until the end of the 13th century when the Lord of Meymont cut his lordship in
two to endow his two daughters.
There is on the territory of this former Lord a very deep religious attachment which proved to
be extremely powerful on two occasions, among others of course. When the soldiers of Captain
Merle, the Protestant soldier who occupied Mende (and destroyed the cathedral there) arrived in
Ambert, they started by knocking down Saint John’s church, then looted the Sauxillanges priory in
Vertolaye, where today the EUROAPI factory is located. also positioned on the sites of old mills on
the Dore and the Vertolaye Stream. Then they continued towards Olliergues, the main village
being fortified with a castle on the central rock peak and a strong military presence due to the
important role of the barony of Olliergues in the military apparatus of the King of France with the
acquisition of the title of Viscount of Turenne by the marriage of Agne IV with his direct cousin
Anne de Beaufort on papal derogation. Agne IV increased the military role with the King of France
at the end of the Hundred Years' War. The Protestants could not take the village. They set fire to
9. what they could in the unfortified part of the village, Pavé Street, which at the time went back up to
the pilgrimage route. Then they continued towards Le Brugeron. The Baron of Olliergues and
Viscount of Turenne ordered all the serfs to do what was necessary. There was not a single
survivor on the Protestant side and a locality exists a little below Brugeron, the Grun Batailler,
where this event took place.
This shows the extreme religious feeling of this country of Olliergues in Livradois Forez. The
castle of the Barons of Olliergues was not destroyed during the Revolution, because the treasure
of the castle had been taken under Louis XV to Paris for an evaluation of the family (Let us not
forget then that Henri de Turenne, Baron of Olliergues and Prince of Sedan, was buried in Saint-
Denis’ Basilica, the Basilica where the members of the royal family were buried because the family
of the Barons of Olliergues had royal blood, the proof of it being the red bend of royal bastardy
across the coat of arms of the Baronage. It seems that the Barons of Olliergues did like Admiral
d'Estaing in Ravel, and General La Fayette in Haute Loire. They freed their serfs and nullified all
feudal documents before the French Revolution. Olliergues deserves some scrutiny. The deep
religious feeling of the population went hand in hand with the deep feeling of the need for political
and economic change. Livradois Forez produced some of the national and regional bloodthirsty
revolutionaries. This double allegiance allowed Father Gaschon to survive for nearly ten years in
the mountains, in the forest, moving from one farm to another and continuing to officiate and
deliver the religious sacraments. This was only possible because the population, revolutionary as it
was, was also deeply religious. This is a historical peculiarity of Olliergues, and it is not sufficiently
highlighted. Father Gaschon was nothing without this grounding in people's consciences. When
Father Gaschon died, a large crowd attended his funeral and a lasting veneration survived and still
survives among the population.
This work of reflection on the long historical term preceding Father Gaschon takes nothing
away from this man but gives him an anchor in time and the souls of people, some will smile and
10. say the people's consciences, others will even say the people's unconscious, but the fact remains
that Father Gaschon is a historical prodigy in himself, and for that alone, he deserves to be
honored. The Ambert Hospital Chapel was renovated with the support of the Omerin company and
Foundation. It's good. But it would probably be valuable for the schools in the surrounding territory
to reflect on this duality of obedience and allegiance in the region for a very long time. Olliergues
was a Gaulish military post before becoming a Roman or Gallo-Roman military post. And it's still
there, the military post, even if the surrounding rampart has been lowered during the French
Revolution and is now crumbling in several places.
Saint Peter’s Chapel in Meymont deserves some restoration and a new destiny. The built
underground structure – and fortunately walled up – of the parish church of Olliergues deserves an
archaeological site to reopen it, walled up as it has been for several centuries. It was listed as a
protected heritage in 1996. Similarly, the Trinitarian Saint Anne, presently imprisoned in the attic of
the castle, commissioned by Agne IV – like the Romanesque bridge in Olliergues too – in the 15th
century (and let us keep in mind that Agne IV’s wide is Anne de Beaufort) and renovated under the
mayor Lucien Drouot in the early 1970s, would deserve the security investment in a display case
worthy of the name in the parish church (for a sculpture that is highly patrimonial, hence valueless,
and that could reach beyond one million euros on the black market), like that of the Romanesque
Virgin and Child of Courpière. But here the revolutionary side of the population comes out and
makes them grumpy and stingy. If we add all the economic, cultural, and agricultural heritage with
the terraces, and the irrigation and draining system of the Benedictines of La Chaise-Dieu from the
11th century (if not the 10th) to the 18th century, the structure built under the church, the
underground rooms of the castle that were walled in when the public school was hosted in the
castle to prevent the schoolboys from going underground searching for treasures, a real heritage
project is possible and the ramifications towards La Chaise-Dieu, the Saint Denis Basilica, the
Invalides (where Turenne was transferred by Napoleon) and many other links, would allow a
project with a European dimension which could easily take on a regional dimension by relying on
the Romanesque, Gothic and cultural heritage of the Livradois Forez region or the vast Auvergne
region, the homeland of more Black – and not only black – Madonnas than anywhere else in the
world.
Father Gaschon in all of this is a star that should lead us on the road to our tomorrows. The
trouble is that it all goes so slowly. But there a miracle is always possible.
Dr. Jacques COULARDEAU